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This was when the nazi party wanted to have a rally in a major jewish area, Skokie. This is a case dealing with the freedom of assembly.

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This is any false, publicly spoken statement that harms the reputation of another person, group of people or organization.

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Lying about someone else.

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Speech directed at the overthrow of government. It includes speech attacking basic institutions of government, including particular governmental leaders.

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Presidential Executive Order gave the military authority to exclude citizens of Japanese ancestry from areas deemed critical to national defense. A Japanese man remained in California and violated Civilian Exclusion Order. The Court sided with the government and held that the need to protect against espionage outweighed man's rights.

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Segregation "by fact", segregation that results from factors like housing patterns rather than law.

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Right to be free from discrimination in states to have due process of law, to have equal protection of the law

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Freedom from excessive bail and cruel and unusual punishment.

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Right to a jury trial in civil cases.

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Right to be in-formed of charges be present when witnesses speak in court, to call defense witnesses, to have a lawyer.

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Right to grand jury indictment, no double jeopardy, freedom from self-incrimination, due process of law.

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Right to be free from un-reasonable searches and seizures

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Right to Bear Arms

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Freedom of Religion, Press, Speech, Assembly, Petition.

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The case was heard by the Supreme Court of the United States. In Lemon V Kurtzman, the Supreme Court of the United States found that the passing of any state laws that establish a religious body is a direct violation of the United States Constitution.

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Judicial suppression of material that would be published or broadcast, on the grounds that it is libelous or harmful. In US law, the First Amendment severely limits the ability of the government to do this.

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It states that the government shall make no law prohibiting the free exercise of religion.

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The courts will uphold a law if it is rationally related to a legitimate government purpose.

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The Supreme Court ruled that the Constitution requires the states to provide defense attorneys to criminal defendants charged with serious offenses who cannot afford lawyers themselves.

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This 1896 U.S. Supreme Court case upheld the constitutionality of segregation under the “separate but equal” doctrine. It stemmed from an 1892 incident in which African-American train passenger Homer Plessy refused to sit in a Jim Crow car, breaking a Louisiana law.

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Dred Scott, a slave, sought to be declared a free man on the basis that he had lived for a time in a “free” territory with his master.

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The U.S. Supreme Court, in a 7-2 decision, affirms the legality of a woman's right to have an abortion under the Fourteenth amendment to the Constitution.

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Is a landmark piece of civil rights and US labor law legislation in the United States that outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

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It is a practice of segregating black people in the US.

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An action or policy favoring those who tend to suffer from discrimination, especially in relation to employment or education; positive discrimination.

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An examination to determine whether a person meets the literacy requirements for voting, serving in the armed forces, etc.; a test of one's ability to read and write.

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It was a landmark case in criminal procedure, in which the United States Supreme Court decided that evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment, which protects against "unreasonable searches and seizures," may not be used in state law criminal prosecutions in state courts

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This clause provides that no state shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction "the equal protection of the laws".

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The Supreme Court ruled that detained criminal suspects, prior to police questioning, must be informed of their constitutional right to an attorney and against self-incrimination. ... Miranda was not informed of his rights prior to the police interrogation.

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Was a landmark United States Supreme Court case in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional.

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Case in which the U.S. Supreme Court ruled on June 25, 1962, that voluntary prayer in public schools violated the U.S. Constitution's First Amendment prohibition of a state establishment of religion.

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A constitutional doctrine through which selected provisions of the Bill of Rights are made applicable to the states through the Due Process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.

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The Supreme Court ruled that a university's use of racial "quotas" in its admissions process was unconstitutional, but a school's use of "affirmative action" to accept more minority applicants was constitutional in some circumstances.

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A legal term in United States law used to describe actions that purposefully and discernibly convey a particular message or statement to those viewing it.

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Reasonable grounds (for making a search, pressing a charge, etc.).

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Separation enforced by law

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A class of individuals that have been historically subject to discrimination.

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Speech that is accompanied by activities such as sit-ins, picketing, and demonstrations.

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A procedural defense that forbids a defendant from being tried again on the same (or similar) charges in the same case following a legitimate acquittal or conviction.

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Principle in the 5th Amendment stating that the government must follow proper procedures in trials and in other actions it takes on individuals

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First Amendment clause that says the government cannot establish an official religion.

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A law that prohibits the use of illegally obtained evidence in a criminal trial.