# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Slow Reveal Graph is an instructional routine that promotes sensemaking about data. This highly engaging routine uses scaffolded visuals and discourse to help students (in K-12 and beyond) make sense of data. As more and more of the graph is revealed, students refine their interpretation and construct meaning, often in surprising ways.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
April 2018

4/17/2018 - Tuesday's World #1 - Israel - Compiled from CNN, UPI and NY Post

4/16/2018 - School District Arms Teachers with Tiny Baseball Bats - Erie News Now

4/13/2018 - Israel comes to standstill to remember Holocaust victims - United Press International - UPI

4/12/2018 - Trump warning: 'Get ready' for U.S. missile strike on Syria - United Press International - UPI

4/11/2018 - China making concessions in trade standoff with Trump - AP at CBSNews

4/10/2018 - Tuesday's World #1 - London's Mayor Bans Knives - London's Daily Telegraph, FoxNews, the Daily Wire and Daily Caller

4/9/2018 - Facebook deleted Zuckerberg's messages from recipients' inboxes - Tech Crunch

4/6/2018 - Justice Department seizes over 100 homes in crackdown on marijuana operation - Reuters

4/5/2018 - Mobile spying devices detected around D.C. - United Press International (UPI)

4/4/2018 - Teens walk 50 miles to Memphis to honor Martin Luther King Jr. - CNN

4/3/2018 - Tuesday's World #1: South Korea, U.S. begin massive military drill - UPI

4/2/2018 - High School students walk out of class to support 2nd Amendment - USA Today's Florida Today

March 2018

3/30/2018 - A day to honor Vietnam War Vets - UPI

3/29/2018 - Using an app to vote? West Virginia 1st state to test the technology - The Hill

3/28/2018 - American Dentists' new policy: 7-day limit for opioids - UPI

3/26/2018 - Trump signs $1.3 trillion spending bill but "will never sign another bill like this again" - Huffington Post and UPI

3/23/2018 - Lawmakers eye crackdown on China's Institutes on college campuses - Compiled from Reuters, The Hill and Washington Examiner

3/22/2018 - California city votes to opt-out of state's 'sanctuary' law - UPI

3/21/2018 - President proposes death penalty for some drug dealers - CBS, National Review and Fox59

3/20/2018 - Tuesday's World #1 - BELGIUM - Associated Press

3/19/2018 - Navy Medics Get Prepared for Combat-With Tour of Duty in Chicago - The Wall Street Journal

3/16/2018 - Nevadans sue drug companies for causing 'compulsive gambling' problem - UPI

3/15/2018 - Federal court says most of TX law banning sanctuary cities can remain in effect - UPI

3/14/2018 - Arkansas schools display "In God we trust" posters - Compiled from Arkansas Democrat-Gazette, Breitbart, USA Today and Fox Insider

3/13/2018 - Tuesday's World #1 - RUSSIA - Fox News / AP

3/12/2018 - Trump agrees to meet with Kim Jong Un - UPI

3/9/2018 - Self-driving Uber trucks hauling cargo across Arizona - AZ Central

3/8/2018 - Sessions to California: 'There is no secession' - The Hill

3/7/2018 - More millennials reported losing money to scams than senior citizens - MarketWatch

3/6/2018 - Tuesday's World #1 - VIETNAM - CNN

3/5/2018 - Apple employees at $5B glass spaceship campus are walking into walls - UK Daily Mail

3/2/2018 - Miami International Airport rolls out facial recognition technology - WFTV9-ABC

3/1/2018 - Dress code to vote? Supreme Court hears case - NBC News

February 2018

2/28/2018 - Sessions unveils new task force targeting opioid manufacturers, distributors - CNBC

2/27/2018 - Tuesday's World #1 - PAKISTAN - Reuters

2/26/2018 - Exclusive: U.S. prepares high-seas crackdown on North Korea sanctions evaders - sources - Reuters

2/23/2018 - Trump holds listening session with students - UPI

2/22/2018 - Billy Graham's 'unwavering message' was heard around the world - USA Today

2/21/2018 - New Mexico bill would force high school students to apply to college - AP at USA Today

2/20/2018 - Tuesday's World #1 - LITHUANIA - Agence France-Presse

2/19/2018 - Abraham Lincoln - The Great Emancipator

2/16/2018 - George Washington, Father of our Country

2/15/2018 - U.S. data show increase in fatal crashes on April 20, day of pot events - Portland Press Herald

2/14/2018 - PA to require voting machines with paper backup - Associated Press

2/13/2018 - Tuesday's World #1 - KENYA - UK Daily Telegraph

2/12/2018 - Meet the first Gerber baby with Down syndrome. His name is Lucas. - McClatchy at The Herald-Sun

2/9/2018 - U.S. airstrike kills 100 Syrian troops after unprovoked attack on base - Compiled from USA Today and AP at Chicago Sun Times

2/8/2018 - Saudi man in Oklahoma charged with lying about al Qaeda training - Reuters

2/7/2018 - SpaceX launches the world's most powerful rocket - CNN Money

2/6/2018 - Tuesday's World #1 - IRAN - USA Today from Deutsche Welle

2/5/2018 - Tax bill beginning to deliver bigger paychecks to workers - Associated Press

2/2/2018 - Super Bowl security team 'ready for anything' - Reuters at WHTC.com

2/1/2018 - How the U.S. is using terrorists' smartphones and laptops to defeat them - USA Today

January 2018

1/31/2018 - Fitness app exposed location of military bases - Tech Crunch

1/30/2018 - Tuesday's World #1 - POLAND - AP at France24

1/29/2018 - Trump's first State of the Union Address - ABC News

1/26/2018 - Teenage screen use leads to loss of happiness, study shows - UK news website Swindon Advertiser

1/25/2018 - Trump's border wall prototypes pass tests by military special forces - Los Angeles Times / AP

1/24/2018 - Delta imposes new rules for service dogs after "serious incidents" - CBS News / AP

1/23/2018 - Tuesday's World #1 - ETHIOPIA - The Walll Street Journal

1/22/2018 - Delaware sues opioid manufacturers, distributors over epidemic - Reuters

1/17/2018 - U.S. lawmakers urge AT&T to cut commercial ties with Huawei - Reuters

1/16/2018 - Tuesday's World #1 - CHILE - Christianity Today

1/12/2018 - Martin Luther King Jr. Day 2018

1/10/2018 - 2018 State of the State addresses

1/9/2018 - Tuesday's World #1 - EL SALVADOR: Trump to end Temporary Protected Status - Washington Examiner

1/8/2018 - Major chip flaws affect billions of devices - CNN Money

December 2017

12/20/2017 - BACK on Jan. 8: U.S. Military's Microwave Weapon - Newsweek

12/20/2017 - Merry Christmas - back on January 8

12/19/2017 - Tuesday's World #1 - JAPAN: Millions in Tokyo to take part in North Korean nuclear attack exercise - London's Daily Telegraph

12/15/2017 - Oklahoma Border Town Leery of Planned Bioterror Test - USNews.com

12/14/2017 - New Strategy Paying Off in Afghanistan - NDT.tv

12/13/2017 - U.S. Coast Guard intercepts semi-submersible vessel packed with cocaine - USA Today

12/12/2017 - Tuesday's World #1 - RUSSIA's Olympic team banned from Winter Olympics over doping scandal - New York Post

12/8/2017 - 'Heroes all': Survivors mark 76th anniversary of Pearl Harbor attack - Hawaii News Now

12/7/2017 - Trump to uphold law moving U.S. embassy to Jerusalem - WhiteHouse.gov

12/6/2017 - Wisconsin plans to require drug test for food stamp recipients - Star Tribune

12/5/2017 - Tuesday's World #1 - NIGER: asks U.S. to begin using armed drones - Reuters

12/4/2017 - Supreme Court hears arguments in historic cellphone tracking case - AP at Chicago Sun-Times

12/1/2017 - US: North Korean regime "will be utterly destroyed" if war comes - CBS News

November 2017

11/30/2017 - Border Patrol's 'tunnel rats' stalk drug smugglers in an underground game of hide-and-seek - Los Angeles Times

11/29/2017 - Justice Department threatens to sue Harvard over Asian-American admission records - Mass Live and Daily Caller

11/28/2017 - Tuesday's World #1 - ZIMBABWE: Mugabe forced to resign after 40 year rule - Reuters

11/27/2017 - Chicago's proposal to fine pedestrians using cellphones in crosswalks - Chicago Tribune

11/20/2017 - Thanksgiving 2017

11/17/2017 - Hundreds of MS-13 gang members arrested in 'Operation Raging Bull' - NBC News and Washington Free Beacon

11/16/2017 - Amazon's Cashierless Store Is Almost Ready for Prime Time - Bloomberg

11/15/2017 - Early Facebook investor says company uses methods to addict you - London's Daily Telegraph

11/14/2017 - Tuesday's World #1 - Asia - Trump's 5-country trip - Axios

11/13/2017 - Lab-Grown Skin Saves Dying Boy with Rare Disease - London's Daily Telegraph

11/10/2017 - Veterans Day 2017: Vets Plan To Boycott NFL Games On Sunday

11/9/2017 - EPA approves bacteria-infected insects to kill mosquitoes - CNET.com

11/8/2017 - Pa. officials still mostly mum on noncitizens registered to vote - The Inquirer philly.com

11/7/2017 - Tuesday's World News #1 - Lebanon - BBC News and Reuters

11/6/2017 - US deserter Bowe Bergdahl spared prison time - The Hill

October 2017

10/27/2017 - House passes $4 trillion budget, clears way for Trump tax plan - New York Post

10/26/2017 - Refugee program resumes: hold placed on 11 high risk countries - Reuters

10/25/2017 - Green Beret medic awarded Medal of Honor - CBS News

10/24/2017 - Tuesday's World News #1 - Syria - NY Post

10/23/2017 - Congress proposes allowing states to thin out forests before fires consume everything - The Daily Caller

10/20/2017 - Five military dogs awarded K-9 Medal of Courage - Washington Examiner and American Humane

10/19/2017 - U.S. indicts major Chinese traffickers for selling fentanyl online - Reuters

10/18/2017 - LAPD Board Approves Controversial Drone Program - CBS News Los Angeles

10/17/2017 - Chelsea bomber Ahmad Rahimi found guilty of all charges - CBS News / AP

10/16/2017 - Prototypes for new border wall almost finished - Compiled from WREG News Channel 3 and San Antonio Express-News

10/13/2017 - Shake Shack location in NYC nixes human servers, goes cashless - Compiled from Fox News and NY Post

10/12/2017 - U.S. Issues $12 Million Bounties for Two Hezbollah Leaders Plotting Attacks in America - Newsweek

10/11/2017 - Nobel in chemistry for amazing cryo-electron microscopy - Reuters

10/10/2017 - Northern California firestorm, among worst in state's history - Los Angeles Times

10/9/2017 - Columbus in his own words

10/6/2017 - 3 Green Berets killed in ambush in Niger - CNN

10/5/2017 - U.S. scientists win Nobel for finding Einstein's gravitational waves - Reuters

10/4/2017 - U.S. 'body clock' scientists win Nobel - Reuters

10/3/2017 - Supreme court hears case for deporting immigrant felons - Reuters

10/2/2017 - China orders shutdown of businesses with North Korea - New York Post

September 2017

9/29/2017 - Hurricane destruction hinders relief efforts in Puerto Rico delivery - Compiled from Reuters and The Wall Street Journal

9/28/2017 - Trump Touts GOP Tax Reform As 'Middle Class Miracle' - The Daily Caller

9/27/2017 - 4 NCAA coaches face federal charges over alleged college basketball fraud scheme - Politico

9/26/2017 - New travel ban to include North Korea, Venezuela and Chad - The New York Post

9/25/2017 - In surprise move, China cooperates with U.S. - ABC News

9/22/2017 - Power crews scramble to Puerto Rico after Maria smashes its grid - Reuters

9/21/2017 - What did President Trump say at the UN? Part 2...

9/20/2017 - What did President Trump say at the UN? Part 1...

9/19/2017 - Top U.S. security official targeted in mysterious Cuba embassy "health attacks" - CBS News

9/18/2017 - Focus of Trump's 1st Speech at U.N. to be: Strength, 'Reform' - NPR and Reuters

9/15/2017 - Houston Council Member Urges Houstonians Not to Donate to Red Cross - Houston Press

9/14/2017 - Virginia Ends Use of Touch-Screen Voting Machines - The Wall Street Journal

9/13/2017 - After hurricanes, flood of storm-damaged cars heading for market - Chicago Tribune

9/12/2017 - Irma knocks out power to about 7.3 million - Reuters

9/11/2017 - To Remember 9/11, Follow the Memorials - Philly.com

9/8/2017 - Trump sides with Democrats on debt limit - Reuters

9/7/2017 - Appeals court rules Texas can use new voter ID law - The Hill

9/6/2017 - Mattis warns North Korea of 'massive military response' if it threatens US, allies - The Hill

June 2017

6/1/2017 - Summer Break 2017

May 2017

5/26/2017 - How to commemorate Memorial Day 2017 - USMemorialDay.org

5/25/2017 - Thousands flee Philippine city after rampage by Islamic State - Compiled from Reuters and The Straits Times

5/24/2017 - Trump's speech to Israel in Jerusalem - WhiteHouse.gov

5/23/2017 - Turkish president's bodyguards beat up protesters in D.C. - The Daily Caller

5/22/2017 - Trump exhorts leaders from Muslim countries to confront terrorism

5/19/2017 - Police officer accidentally overdoses on fentanyl after making drug arrest - WCPO9 Cincinnati

5/18/2017 - Tennessee makes community college free for all adults - CNN Money

5/17/2017 - Healthy teen died from too much caffeine - Compiled from CNN and CBSNews

5/16/2017 - China clamps down on online news with new security rules - AP at NY Daily News

5/15/2017 - US prepares to ban laptops on flights from Europe - ABC News/AP

5/12/2017 - Texas governor signs bill banning sanctuary cities - Fox News/AP

5/11/2017 - Mysterious X-37B plane lands after secret two-year mission - Compiled from the UK Independent and Popular Mechanics

5/10/2017 - Nazi Germany surrendered 72 years ago; remembering VE Day - Business Insider

5/9/2017 - Israeli PM tosses Hamas' new policy paper - Reuters

5/8/2017 - VA Secretary considering closing over 1,100 facilities - CBS News/AP

5/5/2017 - Battle of Coral Sea 75th anniversary - New York Post

5/4/2017 - The history-making, chaotic evacuation of Saigon - CNN

5/3/2017 - CNN Refuses To Run Trump's '100 Days' Ad That Calls Mainstream Media 'Fake News' - Compiled from The Hill and The Daily Caller

5/2/2017 - Facebook targets 'insecure' teens - The Australian

5/1/2017 - U.S. spy agency abandons controversial surveillance technique - Reuters

April 2017

4/28/2017 - Portland rose parade canceled after 'antifascists' threaten GOP marchers - The Washington Post

4/27/2017 - U.S. Marines test high-tech tools - CBS News

4/26/2017 - Entire U.S. Senate to go to White House for North Korea briefing - Compiled from Reuters, Reuters Trust and UK Guardian

4/25/2017 - Bose headphones spy on listeners: lawsuit - Reuters

4/24/2017 - Yom HaShoah 2017: Remembering those killed in the Nazi Holocaust - UK Metro News

4/21/2017 - GM latest US company to have assets seized in Venezuela - ABC News

4/20/2017 - Navy Tells Sailors To Leave The E-Cigarette On Shore - NPR

4/19/2017 - Last surviving 'Doolittle Raid' pilot commemorates 75th anniversary - UPI

4/18/2017 - Pence warns North Korea of U.S. resolve shown in Syria, Afghan strikes - Reuters

4/17/2017 - New Trump policy deterring illegal migrants - Reuters

4/14/2017 - US drops 'Mother of all Bombs' on ISIS target in Afghanistan - New York Post

4/13/2017 - Repeatedly entering the U.S. illegally now a felony - Los Angeles Times

4/12/2017 - Brit PM and Trump: 'Window of Opportunity' exists to persuade Russia to break ties with Syria - London's Daily Telegraph

4/11/2017 - Gorsuch sworn in ahead of key Supreme Court cases - New York Post

4/10/2017 - Tillerson: Syria strike a message to others, including North Korea - Reuters

4/7/2017 - Trump says chemical attack in Syria crossed many lines - Reuters

4/6/2017 - The Future of Stealth Military 4X4 - CNN Money

4/5/2017 - ICE to continue arrests at courthouses - Reuters

4/4/2017 - Trump to al Sisi: "We are very much behind Egypt" - Reuters

4/3/2017 - Almost half of the students at PA high school given suspension notices - PennLive

March 2017

3/31/2017 - Mexican state attorney general arrested in U.S. for drug trafficking - Compiled from reports at LA Times, RT, NBC and Daily Caller

3/30/2017 - California Indicts Pro-Life Activists - The Daily Caller

3/29/2017 - Trump signs order dismantling Obama-era climate policies - Reuters

3/28/2017 - U.S. & Allies Skip UN Talks to Ban Nuclear Weapons - Compiled from reports at NYTimes & Reuters

3/27/2017 - North Dakota governor signs constitutional carry bill into law - Associated Press

3/24/2017 - 1,800 retired football players sue NFL over painkillers - UK Daily Mail

3/23/2017 - 'Defeating ISIS No.1 US goal': Tillerson at coalition summit - Compiled from multiple news outlets

3/22/2017 - U.S. restricts carry-on electronics from 10 airports - Reuters

3/21/2017 - More than 1.1 million borrowers defaulted on their federal student loans last year - CNBC

3/20/2017 - U.S. Soldiers Must Battle On-Without Burger King - The Wall Street Journal

3/13/2017 - Spring Break 2017

3/10/2017 - Illegal border crossings from Mexico down 40% - UPI

3/9/2017 - Trump's first full month in office brings massive employment boom - London's Daily Mail and The Daily Caller

3/8/2017 - U.S. starts deploying THAAD in South Korea after defiant North's latest test - UK Guardian

3/7/2017 - FBI Investigating Approximately 300 Refugees For Terrorism - Washington Examiner and The Daily Caller

3/6/2017 - UTA Professor Invents Breath Monitor To Detect Flu - UTA News

3/3/2017 - Bomb Threats To Jewish Centers Used "Spoofing" And Voice-Masking Tech - Buzzfeed

3/2/2017 - Mysterious illness tied to marijuana use on the rise - CBS News

3/1/2017 - Survey shows half of college students think student loans will be forgiven - WSLS 10

February 2017

2/28/2017 - Why Trump's speech tonight isn't a State of the Union address - CNN and WhiteHouse.gov

2/27/2017 - Trump says U.S. nuclear arsenal should be at 'top of the pack' - Reuters

2/24/2017 - Budget proposal will focus on spending cuts - CNN

2/23/2017 - College Board tightens SAT exam security, but key risk remains - Reuters

2/22/2017 - DHS secretary orders immigration agent hiring surge, end to 'catch-and-release' - Fox News

2/21/2017 - Trump names Army strategist as new national security adviser - New York Post

2/17/2017 - Presidents Day 2017

2/16/2017 - Famed snake trackers from India latest weapon in Florida war on pythons - Miami Herald

2/15/2017 - ICE says L.A. immigration arrests were planned long in advance - Chicago Tribune

2/14/2017 - Officials won't lift evacuations for 188,000 as flood danger around Calif. dam eases - CNN

2/13/2017 - Study Reveals 72 Terrorists Came From Countries Covered by Trump Vetting Order - Center for Immigration Studies

2/10/2017 - Trump signs 3 executive orders targeting drugs, crime - Compiled from news reports by Newsy at AOL, CNN and the Baltimore Sun

2/9/2017 - Republicans fear for their safety as Obamacare protests grow - Politico

2/8/2017 - Pence makes historic tie-breaking vote - New York Post

2/7/2017 - When Horses and Freedom of Religion Collide - The Wall Street Journal

2/3/2017 - DHS secretary says border wall should be finished in two years - Fox News

2/2/2017 - Trump announces Supreme Court pick - Democrats vow to fight nomination - New York Post

2/1/2017 - Trump pushes drugmakers for lower prices, more U.S. production - Reuters

January 2017

1/31/2017 - Trump Fires Acting U.S. Attorney General - New Brunswick Patch

1/30/2017 - Nikki Haley Arrives at the U.N. - Reuters

1/27/2017 - Finland storing nuclear waste 100 stories underground - The Wall Street Journal

1/26/2017 - Feds reinvestigating Syrian refugees - Los Angeles Times

1/25/2017 - Trump names "net neutrality" foe Ajit Pai to lead the FCC - PC World

1/24/2017 - New high-res weather images from space - CNN

1/23/2017 - 2017 Inaugural Address

1/20/2017 - Everything you need to know about the Inauguration - Politico

1/19/2017 - Trump Team Considers Moving Press Briefings to Expand Capacity - Bloomberg News

1/18/2017 - U.S. Deploys Radar to Monitor N. Korean Missile - Honolulu Star-Advertiser

1/17/2017 - 2017 State of the State addresses

1/13/2017 - Martin Luther King Jr. Day 2017

1/12/2017 - Pentagon successfully tests world's largest micro-drone swarm - Military Times

1/11/2017 - FBI, Secret Service plan 360-degree security for inauguration - WTOP Washington DC

1/10/2017 - Senate leader tells Democrats to "grow up" - CBS News

1/9/2017 - Ford cancels plans for new $1.6B plant in Mexico - New York Post

December 2016

12/22/2016 - Merry Christmas - back on January 9

12/21/2016 - Trump secures victory in Electoral College - FoxNews

12/20/2016 - China disputes U.S. claim it's top source of synthetic drugs - AP at NY Daily News

12/19/2016 - China's Navy seizes American underwater drone in South China Sea - Reuters

12/16/2016 - US to accelerate troop deployment to Baltics - AP at Detroit News

12/15/2016 - Jim Brown, Ray Lewis talk of 'fantastic' meeting with Trump - The Hill

12/12/2016 - How unusual is Trump's Cabinet of generals? - CBS News

12/9/2016 - Amazon introduces grocery store without cashiers - New York Post

12/8/2016 - The Admiral Who Took the Fall for Pearl Harbor - The Wall Street Journal

12/7/2016 - Oldest Pearl Harbor Survivor, 104, Flies Back to Honolulu - NBC San Diego 7

12/6/2016 - USS Zumwalt breaks down for 2nd time - Portland Press Herald and Business Insider

12/5/2016 - The Dakota Pipeline Protests, Explained - The Daily Signal

12/2/2016 - The OPEC deal is a sign of 'tough economic circumstances' - Business Insider

12/1/2016 - Creator of Big Mac dies at 98 - Compiled from the Wall Street Journal and ABC News

November 2016

11/30/2016 - Price picked to lead HHS - Politico

11/29/2016 - Fidel Castro's Communist Utopia - The Wall Street Journal

11/28/2016 - Vast Shale Oil Field In Texas Could Yield 20 Billion Barrels - Associated Press

11/21/2016 - Thanksgiving 2016

11/18/2016 - San Francisco teachers' union lesson plan calls Trump racist, sexist - CBS/Associated Press

11/17/2016 - Some Android Phones Secretly Sending Info to China - Consumer Reports

11/16/2016 - Authorities Suspect Arson as Wildfires Spread Across the South - Associated Press at NBC

11/15/2016 - Judge Orders Deliveries of Bottled Water to Flint Residents - The Wall Street Journal

11/14/2016 - Four Americans Killed in Unprecedented Suicide Attack at U.S. Base - Compiled from IB Times, Slate and NBC

11/11/2016 - Veterans Day 2016

11/10/2016 - McDonalds sues the historic city of Florence - Forbes

11/7/2016 - Everything you need to know about the Electoral College - CBS News

11/4/2016 - Judge denies request to allow 'ballot selfies' - Compiled from LA Times, CNET and San Francisco Examiner

11/3/2016 - Comparison of party platforms highlights stark differences - Priests for Life and NJ.com

11/2/2016 - Gas Prices Jump After Pipeline Fire - The Wall Street Journal

11/1/2016 - Senate Races to Watch - The Wall Street Journal

October 2016

10/31/2016 - Here's What's On The Ballot In Your State - NPR

10/28/2016 - VA findings on patient satisfaction are questionable - The Arizona Republic

10/27/2016 - First case of CTE diagnosed in MMA fighter - The Boston Globe

10/26/2016 - Philippine leader's gum chewing worries Japan - CBS/Assoicated Press

10/25/2016 - Historic World Series: Chicago vs. Cleveland - Compiled from multiple news stories

10/24/2016 - 'Smart' home devices used by hackers in website attack - BBC News

10/21/2016 - Video shows Dem activist bragging about disrupting rallies, voter fraud - The Washington Post

10/20/2016 - FB, Twitter block app police used to monitor protests - Business Insider, UPI, NBC and CNNMoney

10/19/2016 - Final Presidential Debate Tonight - AL.com

10/18/2016 - U.S. warship targeted by third missile attack from Yemen - Reuters

10/17/2016 - PA residents might soon need new IDs - Philly.com

10/14/2016 - The team nobody wants to play - NBC King5

10/13/2016 - Wikileaks Exposed Journalists In Clinton's Corner - The Daily Caller

10/12/2016 - House Speaker Paul Ryan abandons Trump, says every candidate for themselves - Los Angeles Times

10/11/2016 - Mall of America to close for Thanksgiving - CBS/Associated Press

10/10/2016 - Columbus Day 2016

10/7/2016 - Yahoo secretly scanned customer emails for U.S. intelligence - Reuters

10/6/2016 - Feds enlist police to scan gun-show customers' license plates - The Wall Street Journal

10/5/2016 - Philippines' President says he'll 'break up' with US - Associated Press

10/4/2016 - Japan's Ohsumi wins Nobel Prize in medicine - Japan Times

10/3/2016 - Debate Commission admits mic affected Trump's audio - NY Times and LA Times

September 2016

9/30/2016 - PA high school football players stand for the anthem - ABC27 News

9/29/2016 - Shimon Peres, the last of Israel's founding leaders, dies at 93 - The Wall Street Journal

9/28/2016 - Senate Democrats Block Short-Term Government Spending Bill - RT

9/27/2016 - Say hello to Snap Inc. - CNN Money

9/26/2016 - How Clinton plans to 'get under Trump's skin' in tonight's debate - London's Daily Telegraph

9/23/2016 - Trump-Clinton debate expected to shatter records - The Hill

9/22/2016 - Top US intelligence official: Snowden should not be pardoned - Associated Press

9/21/2016 - Feds want to regulate self-driving cars - CBS News/AP

9/20/2016 - GOP lawmakers request freeze on refugees from Middle East, North Africa - CBS News

9/19/2016 - The visa "loophole" that's been open since 9/11 - CBS News

9/16/2016 - U.S., Israel sign $38 billion military aid package - Reuters

9/15/2016 - Why self-driving Ubers are rolling around Pittsburgh - USA Today

9/14/2016 - New Hampshire to defend ban on ballot-box selfies in court - Reuters

9/13/2016 - A dream come true - CBS News

9/12/2016 - 'Maniacal recklessness' - Reuters

9/9/2016 - Commemorating 9/11 - 15 years later - New York Post

9/8/2016 - Senate Democrats Block Zika Bill Over Planned Parenthood Provisions - The New York Times

9/7/2016 - Miami Beach wary of spraying Zika chemical - CBS News

May 2016

5/31/2016 - Special Operations Forces Invade Tampa...In A Training Exercise - DailyCaller, WFLA, Daily Mail and RT

5/27/2016 - How to commemorate Memorial Day - USMemorialDay.org

5/26/2016 - Obama administration targets spying threat on campus - Reuters

5/25/2016 - Google lobbyists' White House visits - CNBC

5/24/2016 - Portland school board bans climate change-denying materials - Portland Tribune

5/23/2016 - Israel's risk-based approach to airport security - London's Daily Telegraph

5/20/2016 - Hackers target presidential candidates, U.S. spy chief says - Reuters

5/19/2016 - Police see promise in high-tech 'GPS bullets' - UK Daily Mail

5/18/2016 - Medal of Valor awarded to 13 at White House - Associated Press

5/17/2016 - Senate Bill Calls for Women to Register for Draft in 2018 - NJ.com

5/16/2016 - U.S. Navy Poised to Take Ownership of its Largest Warship - Associated Press

5/13/2016 - U.S. activates Romanian missile defense site, angering Russia - Reuters

5/12/2016 - Prince Harry Brings Invictus Games to Florida - VOA

5/11/2016 - Push for $15 Raises Pay-and Tensions - The Wall Street Journal

5/10/2016 - Student off-campus speech and the First Amendment - Constitution Center at YahooNews

5/9/2016 - FDA unveils new regulations on e-cigarettes - CBS News

5/6/2016 - Yom HaShoah 2016: Remembering those killed during the Nazi Holocaust - UK Metro News

5/5/2016 - Facebook and the News - Gizmodo

5/4/2016 - U.S. families struggling with teens' phone use - Reuters

5/3/2016 - 'Reckless' Russian fliers continue to taunt American jets - New York Post

5/2/2016 - Kansas governor withdraws from Syrian refugee program - Reuters

April 2016

4/29/2016 - Three linked to San Bernardino terrorist charged with marriage fraud - Reuters

4/27/2016 - Federal judge upholds voter ID law in North Carolina - Reuters

4/26/2016 - Cruz and Kasich unite to take down Donald Trump - NY Post

4/25/2016 - Speed-Camera Debate Ramps Up - The Wall Street Journal

4/22/2016 - Fight Over Delegate Rules Escalates for Both Parties - The Wall Street Journal

4/21/2016 - Obama meets Saudi king with Iran on agenda - Reuters

4/20/2016 - Thirty years on, Chernobyl remembered by Philadelphia-area Ukrainians - Philly.com

4/19/2016 - Construction Unions' Grip on NYC Begins to Show Cracks - The Wall Street Journal

4/18/2016 - Iran Ignores Visa Applications from U.S. Congressmen - The Washington Free Beacon

4/15/2016 - Russian jets make 'simulated attack' passes near U.S. destroyer - Reuters

4/14/2016 - Gambling only a short-term fix for cash-starved states: study - Reuters

4/11/2016 - VA bosses in 7 states falsified vets' wait times for care - Reuters and USA Today

4/8/2016 - White House declines to support encryption legislation - Reuters

4/7/2016 - McCain: War against ISIS turning into Vietnam - The Hill

4/6/2016 - US military gives go ahead to 'Gremlin' drones - UK Daily Mail

4/5/2016 - Panama Papers explained - New York Daily News

4/4/2016 - CA parents planned one-day boycott over school year start date - Orange County Register

4/1/2016 - Pentagon wages cyberwar against Islamic State - Los Angeles Times

March 2016

3/31/2016 - Some superdelegates vow to back Clinton even if Sanders wins NY primary - NY Daily News

3/30/2016 - Marines forming new cyberwarrior unit - Stars and Stripes

3/29/2016 - Brave British travelers treated at Belgian hospital for 'severe battlefield' wounds - London's Daily Telegraph

3/25/2016 - Police officer: protesters were 'the most hateful...people I've ever seen' - The Washington Post

3/24/2016 - Report: Israeli company helping FBI crack iPhone security - Israel's YNet News

3/23/2016 - Supreme Court rejects suit against Colorado over marijuana law - Reuters and Los Angeles Times

3/22/2016 - Cuba arrests dozens of human rights protesters before Obama's arrival - USA Today

3/21/2016 - Justice Department Policing Tactic Guarded as 'Classified'? - The Wall Street Journal

3/18/2016 - Outmoded U.S. immigration system poses security risk: study - Reuters

3/17/2016 - ISIS Documents Identify Thousands Of Jihadis - Britain's Sky News

3/16/2016 - 5 years later, Japan still struggles to recover from tsunami disaster - USA Today

3/15/2016 - Vermont legislature on track to be first in U.S. to legalize marijuana - Reuters

3/14/2016 - Carson becomes second candidate to back Trump - London's Daily Telegraph

3/11/2016 - Three-time champion Seavey in lead halfway through Alaska's Iditarod - Reuters

3/10/2016 - Biden criticizes Palestinians for not condemning attack - The Washington Post

3/9/2016 - Ray Tomlinson, creator of email, dies - KDVR.com

3/8/2016 - Former first lady Nancy Reagan dies at 94 - Reuters

3/7/2016 - After a year in space, Scott Kelly returns 2 inches taller - USA Today

3/4/2016 - DoD 'Hack the Pentagon' competition - Fox News/AP

3/3/2016 - See That Billboard? It May See You, Too - The New York Times

3/2/2016 - Massive IRS data breach much bigger than first thought - CBS News

3/1/2016 - Voter turnout varies drastically between parties - CBS News

February 2016

2/29/2016 - U.S. test-fires ICBMs to stress its power to Russia, North Korea - Reuters

2/26/2016 - Archaeologists dig up fabrics dating back to Kings David and Solomon - Haaretz

2/25/2016 - Largest ever US-South Korea military drill planned as a 'warning to Pyongyang' - London's Daily Telegraph

2/24/2016 - U.S., Russia Agree on Cease-Fire for Syria - The New York Post

2/23/2016 - Russia wants to fly hi-tech spy planes over U.S. - CBS News

2/22/2016 - NJ Cuban-Americans Speak Out Against Obama Visit - PolitickerNJ.com

2/19/2016 - Hospital explains decision to pay ransom to hackers - CBS News

2/18/2016 - Apple refuses to unlock phone of San Bernardino terrorist - WREG News 3 Memphis

2/17/2016 - Supreme Court Memorializes Justice Antonin Scalia - The Washington Post and The Wall Street Journal

2/16/2016 - Without Antonin Scalia, what's next for the Supreme Court? - CBS News

2/12/2016 - Presidents Day 2016

2/11/2016 - Moscow warns US over missile system deployment to S. Korea - Agence France-Presse

2/10/2016 - Thousands of voters confused by 'independent' party name - Boston Globe

2/9/2016 - Russian firepower helps Syrian forces edge toward Turkey border - Reuters

2/8/2016 - Killing the Working Class at Wal-Mart - The Wall Street Journal

2/5/2016 - Hillary Clinton, Bernie Sanders battle over meaning of 'progressive' - USA Today

2/4/2016 - FBI joins probe of Flint, Michigan's lead contaminated water - Reuters

2/3/2016 - U.S. Warship Sails Near Island Claimed by China - The Wall Street Journal

2/2/2016 - Driverless cars work great in sunny California. But how about in a blizzard? - The Washington Post

2/1/2016 - Walmart closures a "double blow" for many frustrated residents - CBS News

January 2016

1/29/2016 - United States eases trade restrictions with Cuba - BBC News

1/28/2016 - Wounded Warrior Project accused of wasting donation money - CBS News

1/27/2016 - Air Force Reminds Commanders: Conceal-Carry, Open-Carry OK on Base - Military.com

1/26/2016 - Last-Minute Democratic Town Hall With Clinton, Sanders and O'Malley - The Wrap at YahooNews and The Street

1/25/2016 - U.S. Tightens Visa-Waiver Rules Following Terror Attacks - The Wall Street Journal

1/22/2016 - Kerry: Some Iran sanctions relief likely to go to terrorists - AP at Times of Israel

1/21/2016 - Iraq's Oldest Christian Monastery Destroyed by Islamic State - Associated Press

1/20/2016 - Supreme Court will review Obama's immigration executive actions - CBS News

1/19/2016 - Students upset with Wisconsin's ban on game chants - NBC's KARE11 Minneapolis/St. Paul

1/18/2016 - Martin Luther King Jr. Day 2016

1/15/2016 - Ringling Bros. ending elephant acts - AP at The New York Post

1/14/2016 - 2016 State of the State addresses

1/13/2016 - U.S. Border Agents To Inspect U.S.-Bound Trucks On Mexican Soil - CBS Dallas Fort Worth

1/12/2016 - In final State of Union, Obama aims to define his presidency - Associated Press

1/11/2016 - The story behind the tent on Alabama's football sideline - USA Today

December 2015

12/18/2015 - Merry Christmas - back on Jan. 11

12/17/2015 - Congress Poised to Lift Oil Export Ban - The Texas Tribune

12/16/2015 - Secret Policy Blocks Agents From Looking at Social Media of Visa Applicants - ABC News

12/15/2015 - U.S. Army changing dog tags for first time in 40 years - CNN and Army Times

12/14/2015 - GOP preparing for contested convention - The Washington Post

12/11/2015 - Hero soldier who lost all his limbs finds purpose inspiring other amputees - New York Post

12/10/2015 - Study: chemicals in e-cigs linked to lung disease - KFOR.com

12/9/2015 - Trump: Ban all Muslim travel to the U.S. - Reuters

12/8/2015 - Largest destroyer built for Navy headed to sea for testing - The Boston Herald

12/7/2015 - Google accused of spying on students in FTC privacy complaint - The Wall Street Journal

12/4/2015 - American WWII vet becomes first soldier honored for saving Jews - CBS News

12/3/2015 - Joint Chiefs chairman: 'We have not contained' ISIS - The Hill

12/2/2015 - Obama Ignores 'Wrap-It-Up' Beeps, Talks and Talks at Climate Summit - NBC News

12/1/2015 - Ben Carson meets with Syrians at refugee camps in Jordan - YahooNews

November 2015

11/30/2015 - Casinos Seek Labor Law Exemption - The Wall Street Journal

11/23/2015 - Thanksgiving 2015

11/20/2015 - Rising Rates Pose Challenge to Health Law - The Wall Street Journal

11/19/2015 - Paris Attacks Fuel Debate Over Spying - The Wall Street Journal

11/18/2015 - Republicans to Obama: Keep Syrian refugees out - CNN

11/17/2015 - CIA chief warns Islamic State may have other attacks ready - Reuters

11/16/2015 - Army captain who tackled suicide bomber gets Medal of Honor - New York Post

11/13/2015 - Calorie counts on menus aren't working, new research shows - Politico New York

11/12/2015 - Obama's executive action on immigration blocked - Associated Press

11/11/2015 - Veterans Day 2015

11/10/2015 - Obama kills the Keystone Pipeline - Reuters

11/9/2015 - Bernie Sanders Takes Gloves Off Against Hillary Clinton - The Wall Street Journal

11/6/2015 - TX Governor Abbott issues warning over immigrant detentions - Reuters and IB Times

11/5/2015 - Weapons smuggled past TSA screeners with ease: officials - New York Post

11/4/2015 - Republican Campaigns Take Greater Control Over Debate Formats - NPR

11/3/2015 - Voters Weigh Taxes, Wages and Legalizing Pot - The Wall Street Journal

11/2/2015 - U.S. to deploy special forces to Syria in about-face for Obama - London's Daily Telegraph

October 2015

10/30/2015 - Walmart seeks to test drones for home delivery, pickup - Reuters

10/29/2015 - Why NYC is banning synthetic marijuana - CBS News

10/28/2015 - Angry China shadows U.S. warship near man-made islands - Reuters

10/27/2015 - Russian subs near undersea cables concerns U.S. - London's Daily Mirror and The NY Times

10/26/2015 - 24 states sue Obama over coal plant emissions rule - The Hill

10/23/2015 - Marijuana use, disorders doubled since 2001 - Reuters

10/22/2015 - HS students arrested for hacking into school computer system - NY's WPIX11 TV

10/21/2015 - Carson, Trump request Secret Service protection - AP and CNN

10/20/2015 - Drone Close Calls Spur Government to Require Registration - ABC News

10/19/2015 - McDonald's franchisees say all-day breakfast is a nightmare - Business Insider

10/16/2015 - POWs visit Japan for 70th anniversary of the end of World War II - Daily Mail and AP

10/15/2015 - Supreme Court tells lawyers: Stand in line yourselves. - The Washington Post

10/14/2015 - 8th grader suspended for wearing patriotic T-shirt - KATU News

10/13/2015 - Podium on standby for Biden in first Democratic presidential debate - London's Daily Mail

10/12/2015 - Columbus Day 2015

10/9/2015 - U.S. Rules Out Cooperation With Russia - The Wall Street Journal

10/8/2015 - Justice Department set to free 6,000 prisoners - The Washington Post

10/7/2015 - Twelve Countries Reach Trans-Pacific Partnership Deal - VOA News

10/6/2015 - Historic rainfall pounds South Carolina - CBS News

10/5/2015 - Remains of WWII Marine returned home - KnoxNews.com

10/2/2015 - Russian Airstrike in Syria Targeted CIA-Backed Rebels, not ISIS - The Wall Street Journal

10/1/2015 - Pope secretly met Kentucky clerk over gay marriage licenses - CBS News

September 2015

9/30/2015 - Obama, Putin spar over Syria - Reuters

9/29/2015 - Hackers stole 5.6 million US fingerprints - more than estimated - CNN Money

9/28/2015 - Obama Arrives In NYC For UN General Assembly - CBS New York

9/25/2015 - Pope delivers political message on immigration, tolerance to Congress - CNN

9/24/2015 - 6 key issues awaiting Xi and Obama in Washington - CBS News

9/23/2015 - Ex-Peanut Executive Sentenced to 28 Years in Prison for Salmonella Coverup - The Wall Street Journal

9/22/2015 - U.S. to Boost Refugee Intake by 30,000 Over Two Years - The Wall Street Journal

9/21/2015 - New prosthetic arm can restore lost sense of touch - CNET

9/18/2015 - 50 Spies Say ISIS Intelligence Was Cooked - The Daily Beast

9/17/2015 - Price Tag of Bernie Sanders's Proposals - The Wall Street Journal

9/16/2015 - Ben Carson 'not worried' by Trump - London's Daily Telegraph

9/14/2015 - All-male infantry units outperform teams with women - USA Today

9/11/2015 - Commemorating 9/11

9/10/2015 - Hillary Clinton on Private Email: 'That Was a Mistake. I'm Sorry' - ABC News

9/9/2015 - Obama orders government contractors to offer paid sick leave - Reuters

9/8/2015 - U.S. heroes to be honored this week - Reuters

May 2015

5/29/2015 - 35 years after Mount St. Helens eruption, nature returns - CBS News

5/28/2015 - Criminals gain access to taxpayers' personal information - Fortune

5/27/2015 - Obama Rethinks Strategy on ISIS - The Wall Street Journal

5/26/2015 - Senate blocks measures to extend NSA program - CNN

5/22/2015 - Memorial Day 2015 - USMemorialDay .org

5/21/2015 - Obama Calls for Restricting Military Gear to Local Police - The Wall Street Journal

5/20/2015 - Texas Prohibits Local Fracking Bans - The Wall Street Journal

5/19/2015 - Harvard Accused of Bias Against Asian-Americans - The Wall Street Journal

5/18/2015 - Secret Service Arrests Man After Drone Flies Near White House - The New York Times

5/15/2015 - SC teen banned from flying flag on truck sparks protests, change - New York Daily News

5/14/2015 - Iran warns US against stopping Yemen-bound aid ship - Agence France-Presse

5/13/2015 - U.S. denies snub by Persian Gulf leaders skipping Obama's summit - Los Angeles Times

5/12/2015 - NFL was paid to honor National Guard? - NJ.com

5/11/2015 - How a college term paper led to a constitutional amendment - Yahoo News

5/8/2015 - NSA phone surveillance not authorized - Reuters

5/7/2015 - California bill to end 'beliefs' exemption for vaccines - Reuters

5/6/2015 - Clinton, Democratic opponents to debate 6 times - CNN and NY Daily News

5/5/2015 - Supreme Court prods Obama administration in marijuana dispute - Christian Science Monitor

5/4/2015 - U.S. Navy Starts to Accompany Ships in Strait Where Iran Seized Cargo Carrier - The Wall Street Journal

5/1/2015 - The history-making, chaotic evacuation of Saigon 40 years later - CNN

April 2015

4/30/2015 - Baltimore's businesses fear investment, tourism will be hit - Reuters

4/28/2015 - Wal-Mart suddenly closed 5 stores and laid off thousands of workers - Business Insider

4/27/2015 - Franchisees upset over McDonald's wage increase - Business Insider

4/24/2015 - Judge OKs 65-year deal over NFL concussions - The Washington Post

4/23/2015 - Supreme Court Curbs Drug-Sniffing Dogs During Traffic Stops - The Wall Street Journal

4/22/2015 - Disaster Plans for Oil Trains - The Wall Street Journal

4/21/2015 - E-Cigarette Use Rises Among U.S. Teens as Cigarette Use Falls - The Wall Street Journal

4/20/2015 - Synthetic Marijuana Causes Rash of Hospitalizations - CNN and Forbes

4/17/2015 - Jackie Robinson honored throughout MLB and beyond - CBS News

4/16/2015 - Spring Break madness cure - Yahoo News

4/15/2015 - How the Post covered Lincoln's assassination in 1865 - New York Post

4/14/2015 - U.S. Widens Role in Saudi-led Campaign - The Wall Street Journal

4/13/2015 - VA makes little headway in effort to cut waits for care - Associated Press

4/10/2015 - Kansas will allow concealed carry of guns without a permit - Reuters

4/9/2015 - Tsarnaev guilty of all 30 counts in Boston bombing - Boston Globe

4/8/2015 - Army's new tattoo policy - Army Times

4/7/2015 - Republicans push demand for a vote on Iran nuclear deal - Reuters

4/6/2015 - Iranian nuclear agreement - New York Post

4/3/2015 - California governor: statewide water restrictions - CBS News

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April 2018 4/17/2018 - Tuesday's World #1 - Israel - Compiled from CNN, UPI and NY Post 4/16/2018 - School District Arms Teachers with Tiny Baseball Bats - Erie News Now 4/13/2018 - Israel comes to standstill to remember Holocaust victims - United Press International - UPI 4/12/2018 - Trump warning: 'Get ready' for U.S.

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As of Monday, October 24, content that was on TweenTribune.com will now be available here on our new educational resources page and on our learning pages. While much of the content that you enjoyed will still exist, educators will unfortunately no longer be able to assign content to students. Tween Tribune has been a valued educational brand of Smithsonian magazine, and we appreciate your continued support.

Though the Girl Scouts of the USA initially declared itself a space for all girls, the reality was different for girls of color

Erin Blakemore

Get Smithsonian Educational Resources

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As of Monday, October 24, content that was on TweenTribune.com will now be available here on our new educational resources page and on our learning pages. While much of the content that you enjoyed will still exist, educators will unfortunately no longer be able to assign content to students.

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National Geographic Society Introduces the Museum of Exploration

State-of-the-art renovation will bring a new public attraction, a reimagined museum and nighttime experience to its campus in Washington, D.C., set to open in 2026

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Ideas and Insight From the National Geographic Society

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Civic Learning for Elementary Grades Setting the path for civic participation starts early with experiential educational programs that increase the

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We know how challenging teaching history can be. Complementing the content available in the Encyclopedia, we've gathered and created resources that you can trust - you can run with them as they are or easily adapt them to your students. Explore our resources below to make your teaching easier.

Search Education Materials

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Overview of all the free history teaching materials and educational resources that World History Encyclopedia has to offer.

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A wide variety of creative projects that can be done with 20 planks or less. The activities touch learning areas such as design, spatial thinking, problem solving, physics, art, math, and engineering. Students will experience screen-free learning with endless possibilities. *See below for Spanish version Download PDF

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Describe the problem you're addressing in five words.

Cultural divisions tearing Americans apart.

Describe your solution in 10 words.

Fund students to visit an American community unlike their own.

Describe your progress in 15 words.

We've helped nearly 1,000 students across 36 states build lifelong connections with each other.

In the summer of 2016, David McCullough III, a rising senior at Yale, borrowed his mom's Mazda CX-9, leaving their leafy Boston suburb to drive 7,100 miles across the country. He spent two months in three communities: Cotulla, Texas, South Dakota's Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, and Cleveland, Ohio. While each town was a world away from his own, the people he met, befriended, and learned from "changed his life," he says.

The experience inspired him to team up with Paul Solman, an economics correspondent at PBS NewsHour, and Robert Glauber, a Harvard Business School professor, to create the American Exchange Project: a-first-of-its-kind domestic exchange program that sends high school students on a free week-long trip to an American hometown vastly different from their own. The goal is simple: to help bridge divides. Over the last four summers, nearly 1,000 students have traveled on 150 exchanges across 36 states, many of them leaving their home state for the first time.

The organization hopes to eventually make a week in a different town as common to the high school experience as the prom. "Because when we reach out," McCullough says, "We begin to understand in the end and underneath it all, there is no 'other,' just one big 'us.'"

By the numbers

22 David McCullough III's age when he set out on the cross-country road trip that inspired the American Exchange Project. 7,100 the number of miles David McCullough drove in his mom's Mazda CX-9. 50% of 2024 American Exchange Project travelers had never been to another state. 54% of young people in America have never seen a cow in real life, according to a recent survey. 55 hometowns across the country will participate in the American Exchange Project in 2025. 400 the population of Riggins, Idaho: the program's smallest host town. $3 million the amount of a new grant from Carnegie Corporation of New York to support the expansion of the American Exchange Project to all 50 states.

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The American Exchange Project Is Creating Cross-Country Friendships | Carnegie Corporation of New York

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Many Americans have never traveled outside of their own state. The American Exchange Project hopes to change that

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Civil Discourse Toolkit for Middle School Teachers

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Use these ground rules and the examples written by other students to develop your own norms of civil discourse.

In courtrooms, it's not the loudest voice that prevails. Opposing arguments are grounded in reason and evidence and they are put forward within strict guidelines for courtroom decorum. Each side tests the arguments of the other side, and a judge holds everyone to the same protocol and standards of appropriate behavior. Asking questions of each side is an integral part of the process. The adversarial system is no place for incivility. In fact, court proceedings are set up to promote effective civil discourse.

Put an X next to the actions and attitudes that are most important to you.

1. Be mindful of your own behavior. Notice how you internally are reacting/responding when others speak. Pay attention to how your words and your silence are impacting the experience for others in the group.

What are you doing to create a welcoming environment for differing opinions? Are you looking at each speaker and giving your full attention? Are you listening with an open mind - momentarily putting aside what you will say next?

Are you asking clarifying questions? Are you being careful not to take over the conversation by talking longer than others? Are you refraining from subtle, but disrespectful behavior or not paying attention when others speak?

2. Wait to be recognized by the moderator before speaking. This allows time - before you speak - for reflection on what the previous speaker(s) have said.

3. Don't interrupt or talk over someone else who is speaking, even when you are excited.

4. No side conversations. They are disrespectful to the speaker and distract listeners from the person who has the floor.

5. Listen for content in the statements of others, especially when you disagree. Listen for what the speakers are trying to communicate, even if they aren't expressing their points concisely.

6. Find common ground. Identify and call attention to areas of agreement.

7. Follow the direction of the discussion. Don't repeat what already has been said. Relate your comments to those of previous speakers.

8. Ask questions. Don't assume that you know what someone else means. Ask the speaker to help you understand perspectives different from your own.

9. Don't embarrass yourself or disrespect others by making demeaning or inappropriate comments, facial expressions, or gestures. No eye rolling, sighing, or checking out of the conversation.

10. Differentiate between facts and opinions. Both are valid when expressed appropriately.

What would you add?

Example of Student-Developed Civility Rules

How to engage in civil discourse:

1. Tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth.

2. Moderate your tone, so that you don't sound aggressive.

3. Be conscious and mindful of your facial expressions.

4. Be attentive and considerate of your opponent's point of view:

Process what is being said

Give equal time to opposing opinions.

5. Don't repeat yourself. Use a variety of evidence.

How to interact respectfully with someone who fails to obey the agreed-upon rules of civility:

1. Respectfully ask for evidence that supports the statements made.

2. Stay calm and consider taking a break from the conversation.

3. Tell your opponent that you don't know how to interpret his/her facial expression.
Ask for help in understanding what they mean.

4. Ask for equal time, using a polite tone: "May I finish my point?"

5. Express understanding: "I understand," or "I hear you."

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Setting Ground Rules - Civil Discourse and Difficult Decisions

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In courtrooms, it’s not the loudest voice that prevails. Opposing arguments are grounded in reason and evidence and they are put forward within strict guidelines for courtroom decorum. Each side tests the arguments of the other side, and a judge holds everyone to the same protocol and standards of appropriate behavior. Asking questions of each side is an integral part of the process. The adversarial system is no place for incivility. In fact, court proceedings are set up to promote effective civil discourse.

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Our instructional materials, or "Inquiry Sets," center around an investigative question from the History-Social Science Framework. Each is comprised of a collection of sources, historical background and context for the topic, and teacher and student source notes.

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Open-Educational Resources (OER) by Discipline

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Open-Educational Resources (OER) by Discipline

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ASCCC Open Educational Resources Initiative

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Open Educational Resources by Discipline - ASCCC Open Educational Resources Initiative

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An interview with Dylan Wiliam, author of the book «Embedded Formative Assessment: Practical Techniques for K-12 Classrooms»

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"I believe in the power of Facing History."

-Durias D., Facing History Alum

"I went to a Facing History workshop and it opened my eyes."

-Tareeq R., Educator

Facing History & Ourselves
uses lessons of history
to challenge teachers
and their students
to stand up to bigotry and hate.

Facing History & Ourselves is more than our name. It is an active and continuous process that calls on each of us to connect the choices of the past to those we face today. To build a more just and equitable future, we must face our history in all its complexity, Are you ready to face history with us?

Learn how you can experience Facing History

Facing History has thousands of research-based resources and professional learning events to support Social Studies and English Language Arts education.

Not in the United States?

Sign Up

And hopefully, they will always remember what happened to us and make sure that it won't happen again.

Sonia Weitz, Holocaust survivor and poet

Sign up to download the PDF version of our textbook, Holocaust and Human Behavior.

Facing History students are 94% more likely than their peers to report that their class motivated them to learn.

92% of Facing History teachers agree that Facing History helps their students stand up for what they believe even when others disagree.

91% of elective teachers agree or strongly agree that their Facing History course promoted their students' abilities to ground reading, writing, and speaking in evidence from text.

Demand for our work is greater than ever. Make a 100% tax-deductible donation today and you'll help us reach even more teachers and students around the world, giving them the tools to stand up to bigotry and hate.

Gift Amount

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Facing History & Ourselves uses lessons of history to challenge teachers and their students to stand up to bigotry and hate.

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Caption This! A fun, deep-thinking Google Drawings activity

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This post is co-authored by Ditch That Textbook’s Matt Miller and Laura Steinbrink. Laura is a high school English teacher and tech coach from Plato,

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Now, Then, Way Back Remembering Strategy

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Now, Then, Way Back Remembering Strategy

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You can use this simple protocol as a bell ringer or exit ticket. It has three parts: Now: Something they’ve learned recentlyThen: Something they learned

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These resources are offered for free, but we believe career conversations are a human process. So, we would like people, not bots or vendors with resource harvesting programs to use our resources. Please register.

We won't bother you.

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These resources are offered for free, but we believe career conversations are a human process. So, we would like people, not bots or vendors with resource harvesting programs to use our resources. Please register. We won't bother you.

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Detailed descriptions of the world-of-work for use by job seekers, workforce development and HR professionals, students, developers, researchers, and more. Individuals can find, search, or browse across 900+ occupations based on their goals and needs. Comprehensive reports include occupation requirements, worker characteristics, and available training, education, and job opportunities.

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Facing History & Ourselves Welcoming Routines

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Facing History & Ourselves Welcoming Routines

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These opening and closing classroom routines will set a welcoming tone, allow students to connect with one another, and encourage goal setting.

English & Language Arts

History

Social Studies

Culture & Identity

Equity & Inclusion

The resources I'm getting from my colleagues through Facing History have been just invaluable.

- Claudia Bautista, Santa Monica, Calif

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Establishing Opening and Closing Routines

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These opening and closing classroom routines will set a welcoming tone, allow students to connect with one another, and encourage goal setting.

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Hans Rosling - How not to be ignorant about the world

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Hans Rosling - How not to be ignorant about the world

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Get a daily email featuring the latest talk, plus a quick mix of trending content.

By subscribing, you understand and agree that we will store, process and manage your personal information according to our Privacy Policy

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Hans and Ola Rosling: How not to be ignorant about the world

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How much do you know about the world? Hans Rosling, with his famous charts of global population, health and income data (and an extra-extra-long pointer), demonstrates that you have a high statistical chance of being quite wrong about what you think you know.

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CA Global Education Project (CGEP) Resources and Activity Cards

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CA Global Education Project (CGEP) Resources and Activity Cards

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The California Global Education Project provides professional learning for K-12 educators to develop the knowledge, skills, resources, and leadership needed to foster global competence in all students. These resources are created or curated by California teachers for California teachers to develop the potential in every global citizen. Use the filters to identify the lessons, activities, and resources that meet the needs of your students.

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The California Global Education Project provides professional learning for K-12 educators to develop the knowledge, skills, resources, and leadership needed to foster global competence in all students.

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Jo Wilder and the Capitol Case - Field Day

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Jo Wilder and the Capitol Case - Field Day

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DBQ Skill-Builder Challenge - Building Better Summaries

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DBQ Skill-Builder Challenge - Building Better Summaries

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The strategies scaffold the process of summarizing for students. The challenge begins with providing text codes for informational texts. The annotation codes were developed to help your students filter the essential from the non-essential information. The challenge incorporates summarization strategies at the paragraph and whole text level and is designed to prompt discussion while engaging students in the thinking work of summarizing.

Skills of Summarizing:

Decoding informational texts

Filtering information

Integrating the essential in a meaningful way

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Skill Builder Challenge - Every Day DBQ (3rd Grade Florida) Q2 2023 by Amie Polcaro | This newsletter was created with Smore, an online tool for creating beautiful newsletters for educators, nonprofits, businesses and more

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Using Hand Signals for More Equitable Discussions

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Using Hand Signals for More Equitable Discussions

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Because hand signals allow students to engage both verbally and nonverbally, conversations that use them can be more inclusive. Teachers can post the hand signals in the classroom or share them online so that students can easily refer to the visual reminder.

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Using Hand Signals for More Equitable Discussions

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Because hand signals allow students to engage both verbally and nonverbally, conversations that use them can be more inclusive. Teachers can post the hand signals in the classroom or share them online so that students can easily refer to the visual reminder.

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powerful strategies and models for teaching historical thinking, a few of which are highlighted in this section.

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California Coalition for Inclusive Learning

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Welcome to the California Coalition for Inclusive Learning (CCIL) universal resources. It is our intent that educators in a variety of roles, find resources to support their practice in universally designing learning experiences for all learners. In anticipation to the barrier of time, we’ve

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Literacy Across Disciplines Got a Minute?

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Literacy Across Disciplines Got a Minute?

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GaM? Slidedeck - Literacy Across Disciplines

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Goals and Moves | Professional Development | The Inquiry Project

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The Inquiry Project takes a unique approach to a study of matter for grades 3-5, bringing together core ideas, scientific practices, and crosscutting concepts...

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Learn about CAST’s Universal Design for Learning framework, fostering inclusive educational experiences and improving learning outcomes for all learners.

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So Just - A Primary Source Library of Social Justice

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So Just - A Primary Source Library of Social Justice

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SoJust: Primary Source History of Social Justice and Human Rights

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Primary Source History of Social Justice and Human Rights

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Teaching for Change and Rethinking Schools collaborate to bring people's history to the classroom.

A dedicated website to encourage and support teaching about Central American history.

The best selection of multicultural and social justice books for children, YA, and educators.

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Building social justice starting in the classroom.

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Lesson Design Institute
Learn more about the Lesson Design Institute, where you will learn how you can support California educators in high quality lesson design to be shared and showcased with educators across the state.

Learning Resources
Classroom-ready materials from high-quality providers free for educators to blend with their own instructional strategies and share with students and peers.

Collaboration
Group tools help local teams collaboratively develop and share learning materials, instructional strategies, and leadership approaches.

Leadership Support
Resources, programs, and strategies to guide leadership teams in promoting educator excellence, student success, and community support.

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Lesson Design Institute Learn more about the Lesson Design Institute, where you will learn how you can support California educators in high quality lesson design to be shared and showcased with educators across the state. Learning Resources Classroom-ready materials from high-quality providers free for educators to blend with their own instructional strategies and share with students and peers.

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Best AI tools to increase productivity. An organized database that categorizes the top AI tools for you to achieve superhuman abilities. All the latest AI news, trends, and tools.

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An integrated lesson planning platform

All your tools in one place

Source It

The act of using a Large Language Model to write the basis for a generative educational resource. Generating content is only the first step.

Shape It

Look at generated content as a sculptor might a block of marble. Shape the raw material to suit your unique context. Use our suite of personalization tools to more deeply differentiate instruction.

Share It

Cultivate expertise and collaborate with other users. Share your educational resources with a community of practice to reuse, revise, remix, and redistribute to find what works best for students.

Take back your time. Master your craft.

Start teaching with Eduaide today.

1. Join us on Discord

Get help, ask questions, and interact with other Eduaide users and learn how they are using Eduaide.

2. Advisory Board

Learn more about our Advisory Board and how they are helping us build the best lesson planning platform for teachers.

3. Podcasts & Press

If you want to learn more about Eduaide, our philosophy, and our mission, check out our featured podcasts and press.

Copyright © 2024 Eduaide.Ai. LLC All Rights Reserved. Icons provided by Icons8. Site elements by Denys Koltovskyi - stock.adobe.com

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Eduaide.Ai is an AI-driven platform that helps educators create lesson plans, teaching resources, and assessments.

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Empower educators to explore the potential of artificial intelligence - Training

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Explore essential AI concepts, techniques, and tools that can support personalized learning, automate daily tasks, and provide insights for education.

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Generate lessons with AI

Plan and deliver interactive lessons on any topic - with help from AI

I am teacher of 15 years who, until recently, has delved no more deeply into tech in the classroom, and here I am encouraging colleagues to come on in and see Curipod in action and leading CPD sessions. To top it off, I'm spending my evenings playing on my iPad to see how many new lessons I can create, and what new features have been added that week. The time saved, and the improvement in my lesson materials, is tangible.
- Read the full case study with Aileen Wallace

Curious?

Join our online workshop to find out how Curipod can work for you and your students!

Book your spot

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Join the growing movement of teachers using Curipod to make interactive lessons filled with creativity, reflection and critical thinking

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Free lessons and assessments that help you teach students to evaluate online information that affects them, their communities, and the world.

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We’re releasing a guide for teachers using ChatGPT in their classroom—including suggested prompts, an explanation of how ChatGPT works and its limitations, the efficacy of AI detectors, and bias.

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MagicSchool.ai - AI for teachers - lesson planning and more!

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Join over a million teachers saving hours of time using the #1 AI Platform for Education, MagicSchool, to help lesson plan, differentiate, write assessments, write IEPs, communicate clearly, and more!

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AI will change the world. Who will change AI?

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The Digital Learning Lab (DLL) was founded by Mark Warschauer to use cutting edge approaches for better understanding students' learning processes, from pre-school to graduate school, as well as...

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Sponsored by the University of California, Irvine and the Spencer Foundation

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In order to summarize students must be able to identify main ideas and restate the key concepts succinctly. Good summaries are short and to the point. Crafting a summary is a skill that is developed over time. This challenge is designed to engage your students in the practice of building better summaries. Are you up for the challenge?

The strategies scaffold the process of summarizing for students. The challenge begins with providing text codes for informational texts. The annotation codes were developed to help your students filter the essential from the non-essential information. The challenge incorporates summarization strategies at the paragraph and whole text level and is designed to prompt discussion while engaging students in the thinking work of summarizing.

Skills of Summarizing:

Decoding informational texts

Filtering information

Integrating the essential in a meaningful way

DBQ101 is a self-paced professional development course that familiarizes teachers with The DBQ Project Method and teaches them how to make the process engaging and powerful for students. It is designed to replicate our full-day introductory workshops. Participants will work through the steps of The DBQ Project Method at their own pace, pausing to reflect and practice along the way. Teachers will first experience a DBQ from the student perspective, learning what it is like to learn with a DBQ, before transitioning to the teacher perspective to learn how to build a unit and support their students. Courses are open for registration at no cost to online subscribers.

"Helping ALL students read smart, think straight, and write clearly"

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Skill Builder Challenge - Every Day DBQ (3rd Grade Florida) Q2 2023 by Amie Polcaro | This newsletter was created with Smore, an online tool for creating beautiful newsletters for educators, nonprofits, businesses and more

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How AI could save (not destroy) education - Sal Khan TEDTalk

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How AI could save (not destroy) education - Sal Khan TEDTalk

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萨尔·可汗: 人工智能如何拯救（而非摧毁）教育行业

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可汗学院的创始人兼CEO，萨尔·可汗（Sal Khan）认为人工智能可以激发前所未有的教育行业正向大转型。他分享了他眼中学生和教育从业者与 AI 工具合作的机会，包括为每个学生提供私人 AI 辅导老师、为每位老师提供 AI 助教的可能性，并且他展示了可汗学院的教育聊天机器人 Khanmigo 的令人兴奋的新功能。

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State Seal of Civic Engagement Environmental Literacy Implementation Guide

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State Seal of Civic Engagement Environmental Literacy Implementation Guide

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Environmental Literacy for HSS Framework

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Environmental Literacy for HSS Framework

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Service learning provides a way for students to grow their social-emotional learning skills while helping their community.

Dmytro Zinkevych / Shutterstock

The conversation around the importance of social and emotional learning (SEL) has seen a resurgence in recent years. The effects of the pandemic, combined with the ongoing trauma that young people are experiencing due to increasing violence, among other factors, have educators quickly searching for solutions to bring SEL practices into their classrooms.

SEL is the process whereby students acquire and apply the knowledge, skills, and attitudes needed to develop healthy identities, manage emotions and achieve personal and collective goals, feel and show empathy for others, establish and maintain supportive relationships, and make responsible and caring decisions. SEL connects students to each other and to the world around them while providing the skills necessary to succeed in school and beyond.

Incorporating SEL into academic courses like English, math, or even physical education can seem impossible. In 2022, nearly two-thirds of educators said that weaving SEL skills into academic subjects was challenging. Service learning provides a research-based solution to meeting both academic and SEL outcomes for students. The National Youth Leadership Council (NYLC) defines service learning as an approach to teaching and learning in which students use academic and civic knowledge and skills to address genuine community needs.

Connection

Service learning is a type of experiential learning that drives students' academic interests and passions toward addressing real community needs. Students don't just serve during school hours; rather, they investigate and plan and prepare to take action, all the while reflecting on their experience, and then they end with a demonstration of learning. The process looks different depending on the ages and interests of the students but provides an engaging and dynamic learning experience.

Take, for example, the middle school students in Minneapolis who are majority Somali American. They discovered through investigation that most Minneapolis schools didn't offer bilingual children's books (Somali/English), although most Somali American children are growing up in bilingual households. So they wrote, designed, and printed simple picture books that were bilingual and distributed them to schools across the district.

Middle school students in New Orleans investigated the damage caused by repeated hurricanes to their coastal region. Today, they've reclaimed the land and offer tours of the coastal restoration project that has become a nature center and their outdoor classroom.

Elementary students in Oklahoma are learning math skills by calculating their body mass indexes anonymously, then aggregating them to assess the relative health of their student population. They did some primary research before they recorded their total walks to schools and elsewhere in an effort to lower their collective BMI. Their project led to state-level legislation and a website to track Oklahomans walking toward a healthier future.

Such high-quality service learning experiences compel students to answer questions like these: What are the true needs in my community? What are the root causes of these needs? How, where, and from whom can I learn more? How can I contribute to a solution?

This connection between students and the community within the service learning experience fosters empathy, improves language and communication skills, and improves the concepts of sharing and teamwork. Students grow more confident and are better prepared for learning. One of the benefits of service learning is the fostering of reciprocal collaboration among students, faculty/staff, community members, community organizations, and educational institutions to fulfill shared objectives and build capacity among all partners.

Reflection

Students not only connect with the community but connect with themselves through reflection. Reflection helps students clarify their values, gain greater self-awareness, and become more open to observed differences rather than reflexively imposing their beliefs on others. For example, one elementary teacher created a Padlet titled, "Things I Would Like to See Changed in My School." Students generated and posted concerns, which led to sorting the issues into categories, and then they broke into groups with the task of analyzing the data-reflecting more deeply on how they could take action on the issues.

A 2021 report by Civic shared results from two nationally representative surveys of parents and teachers that reported encouraging results: Both parents and teachers endorse a holistic view of education and student success that includes SEL and service learning. They believe SEL and service learning have a reciprocal, mutually reinforcing relationship. These results echo research from the past two decades that asserts that schools must engage the whole child by integrating social, emotional, and academic development with relevant instruction (like service learning).

High-quality implementation, however, remains key to achieving student outcomes. Teachers are encouraged to use the backward planning approach for designing service-learning experiences that provide adequate opportunities to master content standards and SEL outcomes. The K-12 Service Learning Standards for Quality Practice are an essential resource for quality implementation. Published by NYLC in 2008, each of the eight standards-meaningful service, link to curriculum, reflection, diversity, youth voice, partnerships, progress monitoring, and duration and intensity-includes indicators to guide teachers in improving their practice.

The challenges of the current moment require a generation of youth leaders with the knowledge, skills, resilience, and civic dispositions to innovate through times of crisis. SEL and service learning are two practices with clear results in boosting outcomes for students. Student A'Zealya White, from the Satellite Center, St. Charles Parish, Louisiana, says it best: "Service learning helps us talk with people, learn to get things done with a deadline, and prepare for the future. Also, we learn how to identify a problem and solve it."

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Developing SEL Skills With Service Learning

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Service learning provides a way for students to grow their social-emotional learning skills while helping their community. Dmytro Zinkevych / Shutterstock The conversation around the importance of social and emotional learning (SEL) has seen a resurgence in recent years.

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Associations

​​California History-Social Science Projects

Culturally Sustaining Pedagogies​

Economic Resources

General Resources

Government Resources

History Lessons
Multicultural Books
National Government

Pandemic Lessons

State Government

United States History - Primary Source Documents

World History - Primary Source Documents

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Teaching California - Bringing Archives into Classrooms

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Teaching California - Bringing Archives into Classrooms

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Skip to content Skip to search Skip to footer

Free and Flexible Resources to Teach the History-Social Science Framework

Welcome to Teaching California!

On this website you will discover classroom-ready resources to help teach California's History-Social Science Framework. Our inquiry sets include curated collections of primary sources, teacher and student notes, activities, and other tools that will help guide you through a research-based approach to improving student reading, writing, and critical thinking.

A project of the California Historical Society, in partnership with the California History-Social Science Project

678 Mission Street, San Francisco, CA 94105

This website uses cookies to improve your experience. We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. Cookie settings ACCEPT

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Teaching California - Bringing Archives into the Classroom

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Skip to content Skip to search Skip to footer Free and Flexible Resources to Teach the History-Social Science Framework On this website you will discover classroom-ready resources to help teach California's History-Social Science Framework.

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OER Commons - Open Educational Resources 

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OER Commons - Open Educational Resources 

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Open Author helps you build and publish Open Educational Resources for you and for the benefit of educators and learners everywhere.

Learn more about creating OER

Groups provides a flexible environment to organize, create, share, and discuss resources with others in your network. Collaborate with group members, tag and add resources to shared folders, create your own collections, all within a public or private group.

Groups

Search through collections curated by our digital librarians

Collections

Common Core resources organized for your needs

Common Core

Hubs

A Custom Resource Center

Projects, districts, states, and initiatives make use of Hubs to bring groups of educators together to create, organize, and share OER collections that meet their common goals. Explore Hubs

Microsites

Custom Digital Libraries

Microsites are custom, flexible sites that include all the features available on OER Commons. Microsites allow your users to search resource collections using a custom taxonomy at a unique URL. Contact Us

Our award-winning OER Professional Learning programs support instructors and curriculum specialists to gain the necessary skills required to find, adapt, and evaluate high quality open materials.

In-person and virtual OER workshops help focus instructors to develop a "commons" mindset, to experience the benefits of open processes using the platform's tools, collaborative features, and workflows. This can include using Open Author for creating, remixing, and publishing shared curriculum.

Learn More

How to Search OER Commons

View all How-to videos

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OER Commons is a dynamic digital library and network. Explore open education resources and join our network of educators dedicated to curriculum improvement.

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The Content, Literacy, Inquiry, and Citizenship (CLIC) Project

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Armenian Genocide Bracero Program Civic Education LGBT History Environmental Literacy and HSS Filipino American Contributions to the Farm Labor Movement

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Acjachemen/Juaneno History and Cultural Tour

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Acjachemen/Juaneno History and Cultural Tour

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History Lessons | Stanford History Education Group

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This curriculum teaches students how to investigate historical questions by employing reading strategies such as sourcing, contextualizing, corroborating, and close reading. Instead of memorizing historical facts, students evaluate the trustworthiness of multiple perspectives on historical issues and learn to make historical claims backed by documentary evidence.

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In partnership with the College of William & Mary School of Education, University of Kentucky School of Education, and the Library of Congress Teaching with Primary Sources Program

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Welcome to Historical Thinking Matters, a website focused on key topics in U.S. history, that is designed to teach students how to critically read primary sources and how to critique and construct historical narratives. Read how to use this site.

Four investigations of central topics from post-civil war U.S. history, with activities that foster historical thinking and encourage students to form reasoned conclusions about the past

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Welcome to Historical Thinking Matters, a website focused on key topics in U.S. history, that is designed to teach students how to critically read primary sources and how to critique and construct historical narratives. Read how to use this site. Four investigations of central topics from post-civil war U.S.

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Big questions about our Universe, our planet, life, and humanity. From the Big Bang to where we are going in the future, Big History covers it all.

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America in Class ® Lessons are tailored to meet Common Core and state curriculum standards. The Lessons present challenging primary resources in a classroom-ready format, with background information and strategies that enable teachers and students to subject texts and images to analysis through close reading. Read more "
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What does the scarlet A do for Hester Prynne?

In To Kill a Mockingbird what does Atticus Finch's relationship with the minor but important character Mrs. Henry Lafayette Dubose suggest about the quality of his moral vision?

In "The Birthmark" how does Nathaniel Hawthorne use symbolism to reveal the motivation of Aylmer, the story's protagonist?

Sponsored by

In his essay "Self-Reliance," how does Ralph Waldo Emerson define individualism, and how, in his view, can it affect society?

Sponsored by

How did Thomas Paine's pamphlet Common Sense convince reluctant Americans to abandon the goal of reconciliation with Britain and accept that separation from Britain - independence - was the only option for preserving their liberty?

How did the debate over commercial radio reflect American attitudes toward technological change in the 1920s?

Sponsored by

How did the airplane - with its marvel and mystery - symbolize modernism in the Twenties?

Sponsored by

How did the instant celebrity of Charles Lindbergh after his 1927 transatlantic flight reflect Americans' values in the Twenties?

Sponsored by

How did proponents of slavery in antebellum America defend it as a positive good?

REVISED AND UPDATED

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Lesson plans for American history & literature teachers

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America in Class ® Lessons are tailored to meet Common Core and state curriculum standards. The Lessons present challenging primary resources in a classroom-ready format, with background information and strategies that enable teachers and students to subject texts and images to analysis through close reading.

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The following collection of lesson and unit plans, primary source sets, and secondary resources are designed to provide teachers (and parents who homeschool) with tools to support student learning.

About Copyright: All CHSSP-created materials are copyrighted by the Regents of the University of California. These materials, however, are designed for K12 educational purposes, and as such, teachers have the right to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format. This use is predicated on the assumption that educators will give appropriate credit, provide a link to our site ( http://chssp.ucdavis.edu), and indicate if any changes were made. Educators may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the University or the California or the California History-Social Science Project endorses said teacher, school, or related organization. Finally, educators or any members of the public may not apply any legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from accessing the materials or doing anything that this agreement permits.

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The following collection of lesson and unit plans, primary source sets, and secondary resources are designed to provide teachers (and parents who homeschool) with tools to support student learning.

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UC Berkeley Professional Development Providers

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UCI History Project Curriculum and Resources

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UCI History Project Curriculum and Resources

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The UC Irvine History Project provides an institutional framework for collaboration between the UCI History Department and K-12 history-social science teachers in Orange County. The UCI History Project is dedicated to the mission of providing a space for history teachers at varying points in their career, from credential candidates to veteran teachers, to engage in high-quality professional development.

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The UC Irvine History Project provides an institutional framework for collaboration between the UCI History Department and K-12 history-social science teachers in Orange County. The UCI History Project is dedicated to the mission of providing a space for history teachers at varying points in their career, from credential candidates to veteran teachers, to engage in high-quality professional development.

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UCLA History Project Curriculum and Lessons

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UCLA History Project Curriculum and Lessons

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The materials here can be downloaded and used in K-12 classrooms. Many of these lessons focus on local history and the diverse communities of Los Angeles. Materials on this page are copyrighted by the University of California. # locallyoriented

We collaborated with the City of Santa Monica to develop curriculum commemorating the history of African American visitors, residents and business owners in the south beach neighborhoods, including Belmar. The curriculum includes lessons for 3rd and 4th grade teachers, 8th grade US History teachers, 11th Grade US History teachers, and Ethnic Studies teachers. The curriculum is aligned to the California History-Social Science Framework and the California Common Core Standards for Literacy in History. They are available for both face-to-face instruction and remote teaching.

3rd & 4th Grade: What actions did people take in order to live freely in my community? What informed actions can we take today?

Add the remote teaching lessons to your Google Classroom:

8th Grade: How did the African Americans of Santa Monica and Los Angeles challenge racial discrimination and segregation at beaches to form community spaces during the 1900s?

11th Grade: How can memorials help us understand continuity and change in our community?

Ethnic Studies: What can we learn from the hidden history of African American resistance to institutionalized racism in Santa Monica?

United States History Lessons

Special Projects with Local Partners

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Curriculum - UCLA History-Geography Project - UCLA Center X

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The materials here can be downloaded and used in K-12 classrooms. Many of these lessons focus on local history and the diverse communities of Los Angeles. Materials on this page are copyrighted by the University of California.

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K-5 Picture Books for Social Emotional Learning (SEL)

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K-5 Picture Books for Social Emotional Learning (SEL)

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K-5 FAIR Act Picture Books with Instructional Guidance 

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K-5 FAIR Act Picture Books with Instructional Guidance 

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History/Social Science K-5 Book Recommendations v.2 shared by, History/Social Science Project

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California Global Education Project provides professional learning experiences and support for K-12 educators to develop the knowledge, skills, resources, and leadership needed to foster global competence in all students.

The California Global Education Project (formerly the California International Studies Project) promotes global competence for all students through high quality, standards-based, and interdisciplinary professional learning programs for PK-12 educators in California. CGEP collaborates with teachers, schools, districts, and education partners committed to developing global citizenship, which enhances curiosity, creativity, empathy, integrity, and agency while learning about personal, community, and global identities and issues.

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California Global Education Project provides professional learning experiences and support for K-12 educators to develop the knowledge, skills, resources, and leadership needed to foster global competence in all students. The California Global Education Project (formerly the California International Studies Project) promotes global competence for all students through high quality, standards-based, and interdisciplinary professional learning programs for PK-12 educators in California.

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Global Book Bags - California Global Education Project

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Learn about CGEP's Global Book Bags Program from Regional Director Stephanie Buttell-Maxin. For more information about the Global Book Bag program or to request a workshop in your region, please contact Stephanie at sbuttellmaxin@sandiego.edu

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Diversity Practices for Distance Learning

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Diversity Practices for Distance Learning

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Diversity Practices for Distance Learning 2020-2021

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This school year will be unlike any other. These resources can help you as you discuss racism and police violence, support your students through coronavirus and routinely practice self-care. They can also help you show up for your students—and yourself—whether you’re working remotely or in person.

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Building classroom community

Lessons for the First Days of School

Through lessons designed to build student self-awareness, academic mindset, and civic reasoning skills, students will:

Explore the factors

that influence their identities, including the ways they describe themselves and the categories others use to identify them

Consider what it means

to be an individual, but also a member of a community

Envision how

they and their classmates can form a learning community that values all of its members

Back-to-School

Download a .zip file that includes all lesson plans with their associated handouts, readings, and PowerPoints

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Engage Your Classroom with this Back-to-School Toolkit

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Building classroom community Lessons for the First Days of School Through lessons designed to build student self-awareness, academic mindset, and civic reasoning skills, students will: that influence their identities, including the ways they describe themselves and the categories others use to identify them to be an individual, but also a member of a community they and their classmates can form a learning community that values all of its members Download a .zip file that includes all lesson plans with their associated handouts, readings, and PowerPoints

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OAH Statement on AP African American Studies

The OAH firmly denounces Florida's Department of Education's decision to reject the College Board's Advanced Placement course on African American Studies in the state's high schools. The OAH further rejects Florida's characterization of these scholars and their scholarship as examples of "woke indoctrination," and instead recognize them as central to the interdisciplinary research and teaching of African American history and culture, as well as American history more broadly. Vibrant democratic societies are not built upon a foundation of selective depictions of the past, but rather demand critical examination of and grappling with the historical record.

OAH Responds to Threats against Academic Freedom at the New College of Florida

The OAH has signed the American Anthropological Association's response to Florida Governor Ron DeSantis's appointment of six new trustees to the New College of Florida. Our enduring commitment is to the principles of academic freedom, which are essential for researchers, teachers, and students to advance the purpose of institutions of higher education in serving the common good. We are concerned that the addition of these newly appointed trustees is a potential threat to the College's academic integrity, and its faculty's freedom of academic inquiry and expression.
Read the Statement
The Journal of American History

The December issue of the Journal of American History is now available
The American Historian

The Summer issue of The American Historian is now available

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Organization of American Historians | Home

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The OAH firmly denounces Florida's Department of Education's decision to reject the College Board's Advanced Placement course on African American Studies in the state's high schools. The OAH further rejects Florida's characterization of these scholars and their scholarship as examples of "woke indoctrination," and instead recognize them as central to the interdisciplinary research and teaching of African American history and culture, as well as American history more broadly.

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The mission of National Council for the Social Studies is to advocate and build capacity for high-quality social studies by providing leadership, services, and support to educators.

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Learn about the latest offerings in NCHE PD and find out how you can bring our unique model to your own district.

Being a member of NCHE demonstrates support for the movement to ensure that historical thinking is a part of every education. Members also receive access to monthly newsletters and archives, in addition to a range of special offers.

Learn More

Join teachers, historians, and university faculty for two days devoted to history education! NCHE's conference is a place where historical thinkers can come together and share their passion for teaching and learning.

Attendee Testimonials for NCHE's National Conference:

This conference offers innumerable opportunities to connect with people who care deeply about teaching history. I came away energized and feeling positive about my choice of profession.

I love attending the NCHE conference. It is by far the best history-related conference each year.

I had a great time in DC with NCHE. I left the conference with a few ready-to-use lesson plans, as well as some lesson creation ideas of my own. It was an inspiring couple of days!

I enjoy getting to visit historical cities and learn the back story for each of these. NCHE always chooses the best places to hold the conferences!

The people that attend NCHE make the conference great. We all love history and we all love to teach. It is inspiring. This conference recharges my battery instead of draining it.

This content focused professional development is by far the most beneficial experience I have received this year to further my career as a history teacher.

Visit the Conference Archive for more testimonials, conference programs, and handouts from previous conferences.

Mission

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Project Zero - learning, thinking, ethics, intelligence and creativity

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Project Zero - learning, thinking, ethics, intelligence and creativity

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Implementation of The Good Project Lesson Plans

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HSS Framework Appendix A: Capacities of a Literate Individual

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HSS Framework Appendix A: Capacities of a Literate Individual

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SEED partners with communities, organizations, and institutions in bringing people together to learn through self reflection, build relationships through structured dialogue, and create change through systemic analysis.

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SEED partners with communities, organizations, and institutions in bringing people together to learn through self reflection, build relationships through struct...

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White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack
Downloadable PDF © 1989 Peggy McIntosh "White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack" first appeared in Peace and Freedom Magazine, July/August, 1989, pp. 10-12, a For use in a bound volume there will be a copyright fee. McIntosh's lists must not be taken out of their autobiographical contexts. These articles may not be electronically posted except by the National SEED Project. publication of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, Philadelphia, PA.
I was taught to see racism only in individual acts of meanness, not in invisible systems conferring dominance on my group.

Through work to bring materials from Women's Studies into the rest of the curriculum, I have often noticed men's unwillingness to grant that they are over-privileged, even though they may grant that women are disadvantaged. They may say they will work to improve women's status, in the society, the university, or the curriculum, but they can't or won't support the idea of lessening men's. Denials which amount to taboos surround the subject of advantages which men gain from women's disadvantages. These denials protect male privilege from being fully acknowledged, lessened or ended.

Thinking through unacknowledged male privilege as a phenomenon, I realized that, since hierarchies in our society are interlocking, there was most likely a phenomenon of white privilege that was similarly denied and protected. As a white person, I realized I had been taught about racism as something that puts others at a disadvantage, but had been taught not to see one of its corollary aspects, white privilege, which puts me at an advantage.

I think whites are carefully taught not to recognize white privilege, as males are taught not to recognize male privilege. So I have begun in an untutored way to ask what it is like to have white privilege. I have come to see white privilege as an invisible package of unearned assets that I can count on cashing in each day, but about which I was "meant" to remain oblivious. White privilege is like an invisible weightless knapsack of special provisions, maps, passports, codebooks, visas, clothes, tools and blank checks.

Describing white privilege makes one newly accountable. As we in Women's Studies work to reveal male privilege and ask men to give up some of their power, so one who writes about white privilege must ask, "Having described it, what will I do to lessen or end it?"

After I realized the extent to which men work from a base of unacknowledged privilege, I understood that much of their oppressiveness was unconscious. Then I remembered the frequent charges from women of color that white women whom they encounter are oppressive.

I began to understand why we are justly seen as oppressive, even when we don't see ourselves that way. I began to count the ways in which I enjoy unearned skin privilege and have been conditioned into oblivion about its existence.

My schooling gave me no training in seeing myself as an oppressor, as an unfairly advantaged person, or as a participant in a damaged culture. I was taught to see myself as an individual whose moral state depended on her individual moral will. My schooling followed the pattern my colleague Elizabeth Minnich has pointed out: whites are taught to think of their lives as morally neutral, normative, and average, and also ideal, so that when we work to benefit others, this is seen as work which will allow "them" to be more like "us."

I decided to try to work on myself at least by identifying some of the daily effects of white privilege in my life. I have chosen those conditions which I think in my case attach somewhat more to skin-color privilege than to class, religion, ethnic status, or geographic location, though of course all these other factors are intricately intertwined. As far as I can see, my African American co-workers, friends, and acquaintances with whom I come into daily or frequent contact in this particular time, place and line of work cannot count on most of these conditions.

1. I can if I wish arrange to be in the company of people of my race most of the time.

2. If I should need to move, I can be pretty sure of renting or purchasing housing in an area which I can afford and in which I would want to live.

3. I can be pretty sure that my neighbors in such a location will be neutral or pleasant to me.

4. I can go shopping alone most of the time, pretty well assured that I will not be followed or harassed.

5. I can turn on the television or open to the front page of the paper and see people of my race widely represented.

6. When I am told about our national heritage or about "civilization," I am shown that people of my color made it what it is.

7. I can be sure that my children will be given curricular materials that testify to the existence of their race.

8. If I want to, I can be pretty sure of finding a publisher for this piece on white privilege.

9. I can go into a music shop and count on finding the music of my race represented, into a supermarket and find the staple foods that fit with my cultural traditions, into a hairdresser's shop and find someone who can cut my hair.

10. Whether I use checks, credit cards or cash, I can count on my skin color not to work against the appearance of financial reliability.

11. I can arrange to protect my children most of the time from people who might not like them.

12. I can swear, or dress in second-hand clothes, or not answer letters, without having people attribute these choices to the bad morals, the poverty, or the illiteracy of my race.

13. I can speak in public to a powerful male group without putting my race on trial.

14. I can do well in a challenging situation without being called a credit to my race.

15. I am never asked to speak for all the people of my racial group.

16. I can remain oblivious of the language and customs of persons of color who constitute the world's majority without feeling in my culture any penalty for such oblivion.

17. I can criticize our government and talk about how much I fear its policies and behavior without being seen as a cultural outsider.

18. I can be pretty sure that if I ask to talk to "the person in charge," I will be facing a person of my race.

19. If a traffic cop pulls me over or if the IRS audits my tax return, I can be sure I haven't been singled out because of my race.

20. I can easily buy posters, postcards, picture books, greeting cards, dolls, toys, and children's magazines featuring people of my race.

21. I can go home from most meetings of organizations I belong to feeling somewhat tied in, rather than isolated, out-of-place, outnumbered, unheard, held at a distance, or feared.

22. I can take a job with an affirmative action employer without having co-workers on the job suspect that I got it because of race.

23. I can choose public accommodations without fearing that people of my race cannot get in or will be mistreated in the places I have chosen.

24. I can be sure that if I need legal or medical help, my race will not work against me.

25. If my day, week, or year is going badly, I need not ask of each negative episode or situation whether it has racial overtones.

26. I can choose blemish cover or bandages in "flesh" color and have them more less match my skin.

I repeatedly forgot each of the realizations on this list until I wrote it down. For me, white privilege has turned out to be an elusive and fugitive subject. The pressure to avoid it is great, for in facing it I must give up the myth of meritocracy. If these things are true, this is not such a free country; one's life is not what one makes it; many doors open for certain people through no virtues of their own.

In unpacking this invisible knapsack of white privilege, I have listed conditions of daily experience that I once took for granted. Nor did I think of any of these perquisites as bad for the holder. I now think that we need a more finely differentiated taxonomy of privilege, for some of these varieties are only what one would want for everyone in a just society, and others give license to be ignorant, oblivious, arrogant and destructive.

I see a pattern running through the matrix of white privilege, a pattern of assumptions that were passed on to me as a white person. There was one main piece of cultural turf; it was my own turf, and I was among those who could control the turf. My skin color was an asset for any move I was educated to want to make. I could think of myself as belonging in major ways and of making social systems work for me. I could freely disparage, fear, neglect, or be oblivious to anything outside of the dominant cultural forms. Being of the main culture, I could also criticize it fairly freely.

In proportion as my racial group was being made confident, comfortable, and oblivious, other groups were likely being made inconfident, uncomfortable, and alienated. Whiteness protected me from many kinds of hostility, distress and violence, which I was being subtly trained to visit, in turn, upon people of color.

For this reason, the word "privilege" now seems to me misleading. We usually think of privilege as being a favored state, whether earned or conferred by birth or luck. Yet some of the conditions I have described here work systematically to overempower certain groups. Such privilege simply confers dominance because of one's race or sex.

I want, then, to distinguish between earned strength and unearned power conferred systemically. Power from unearned privilege can look like strength when it is in fact permission to escape or to dominate. But not all of the privileges on my list are inevitably damaging. Some, like the expectation that neighbors will be decent to you, or that your race will not count against you in court, should be the norm in a just society. Others, like the privilege to ignore less powerful people, distort the humanity of the holders as well as the ignored groups.

We might at least start by distinguishing between positive advantages, which we can work to spread, and negative types of advantage, which unless rejected will always reinforce our present hierarchies. For example, the feeling that one belongs within the human circle, as Native Americans say, should not be seen as privilege for a few. Ideally it is an unearned entitlement. At present, since only a few have it, it is an unearned advantage for them. This paper results from a process of coming to see that some of the power that I originally saw as attendant on being a human being in the United States consisted in unearned advantage and conferred dominance.

The question is: "Having described white privilege, what will I do to end it?

I have met very few men who are truly distressed about systemic, unearned male advantage and conferred dominance. And so one question for me and others like me is whether we will be like them, or whether we will get truly distressed, even outraged, about unearned race advantage and conferred dominance, and, if so, what will we do to lessen them. In any case, we need to do more work in identifying how they actually affect our daily lives. Many, perhaps most, of our white students in the U.S. think that racism doesn't affect them because they are not people of color, they do not see "whiteness" as a racial identity. In addition, since race and sex are not the only advantaging systems at work, we need similarly to examine the daily experience of having age advantage, or ethnic advantage, or physical ability, or advantage related to nationality, religion, or sexual orientation.

Difficulties and dangers surrounding the task of finding parallels are many. Since racism, sexism, and heterosexism are not the same, the advantages associated with them should not be seen as the same. In addition, it is hard to disentangle aspects of unearned advantage which rest more on social class, economic class, race, religion, sex, and ethnic identity than on other factors. Still, all of the oppressions are interlocking, as the Combahee River Collective Statement of 1977 continues to remind us eloquently.

One factor seems clear about all of the interlocking oppressions. They take both active forms, which we can see, and embedded forms, which as a member of the dominant group one is taught not to see. In my class and place, I did not see myself as a racist because I was taught to recognize racism only in individual acts of meanness by members of my group, never in invisible systems conferring unsought racial dominance on my group from birth.

Disapproving of the systems won't be enough to change them. I was taught to think that racism could end if white individuals changed their attitudes. But a "white" skin in the United States opens many doors for whites whether or not we approve of the way dominance has been conferred on us. Individual acts can palliate, but cannot end, these problems.

To redesign social systems, we need first to acknowledge their colossal unseen dimensions. The silences and denials surrounding privilege are the key political tool here. They keep the thinking about equality or equity incomplete, protecting unearned advantage and conferred dominance by making these taboo subjects. Most talk by whites about equal opportunity seems to me now to be about equal opportunity to try to get into a position of dominance while denying that systems of dominance exist.

It seems to me that obliviousness about white advantage, like obliviousness about male advantage, is kept strongly inculturated in the United States so as to maintain the myth of meritocracy, the myth that democratic choice is equally available to all. Keeping most people unaware that freedom of confident action is there for just a small number of people props up those in power and serves to keep power in the hands of the same groups that have most of it already.

Although systemic change takes many decades, there are pressing questions for me and I imagine for some others like me if we raise our daily consciousness on the perquisites of being light-skinned. What will we do with such knowledge? As we know from watching men, it is an open question whether we will choose to use unearned advantage to weaken hidden systems of advantage, and whether we will use any of our arbitrarily awarded power to try to reconstruct power systems on a broader base.

*This is an authorized excerpt of McIntosh's original white privilege article, "White Privilege and Male Privilege: A Personal Account of Coming to See Correspondences through Work in Women's Studies," Working Paper 189 (1988), Wellesley Centers for Women, Wellesley College, MA, 02481.
© 2010, Peggy McIntosh - Wellesley Centers for Women, Wellesley, MA
Some Notes for Facilitators on Presenting My White Privilege Papers

1. My work is not about blame, shame, guilt, or whether one is a "nice person." It's about observing, realizing, thinking systemically and personally. It is about seeing privilege, the "up-side" of oppression and discrimination. It is about unearned advantage, which can also be described as exemption from discrimination.

2. Please do not generalize from my papers. They are about my experience, not about the experiences of all white people in all times and places and circumstances. The paragraph in each paper before the list begins says this, and also allays fears of white people that a paper on white privilege will call them racist.

3. Keep "the lists" in their autobiographical contexts. It is a matter of scholarly integrity and accuracy not to claim more than I did. I compared my own circumstances with some of those of African American women I worked with. Being clear about this will actually increase your effectiveness as a facilitator. You can say, "This is from just one white woman coming to see she's white in her time and place and workspace. . . .She's writing about herself, not you."

4. The work goes best when you draw on participants' own personal experiences, not their opinions. Opinions invite argumentation. Telling about experience invites listening. Opinions tend to bring on conflict, whereas shared experiences tend to elicit curiosity and empathy. When participants move from experiential testimony to opinion, bring them back, knowing that most schooling discourages testimony.

5. When exploring privilege, it is useful to use "Serial Testimony," a disciplined mode in which each participant gets to respond in turn, uninterrupted, for, say, one minute, timed. I call this "the autocratic administration of time in the service of democratic distribution of time."

6. But without rigorous use of a watch or timer, Serial Testimony can be as undemocratic as any other form of discussion.

7. Understand that every participant has an intricate "politics of location" (Adrienne Rich) within the systems of social power. For example, all people in a workshop or class will have a lifetime of experiences of both advantage and disadvantage, empowerment and disempowerment, overwhelming or subtle, within many different systems of power.

8. Recognize that all people are both located in systems and also uniquely individual.

9. Co-presentations and panels of people speaking about their experiences one after another can be very effective. I do not usually arrange for "dialogues," since I feel they are often a veiled form of debating and fighting, rather than listening and learning. I discourage "crosstalk" after panels unless it further clarifies and respects what the panelists have said. This is what Peter Elbow called playing the "The Believing Game."

10. My lists of the unearned privileges I have relative to my colleagues are not "check lists" or "questionnaires." They are not "confessional readings."

11. Please draw attention to the specificity of "my sample." I compared my circumstances only with what I knew of the circumstances of my African-American female colleagues in the same building and line of work. This sample is very specific with regard to race, sex, region, location, workplace, vocation and nation.

12. Behind and within my examples are institutions that bear on my experience such as schools, the police, the IRS, the media, the law, medicine, business.

13. Do not get trapped in definitions of privilege and power. They lack nuances and flexibility.

14. Invite people to make their own autobiographical lists of privilege, for example, about:

15. Beware of gym-exercises which position people in only one aspect of their identities, asking them to step forward or backward from a baseline at a given prompt.

16. Urge participants to avoid self righteousness and preaching to family and friends about privilege, especially if it is something they have just discovered themselves. Explain the word "systemic." Help participants or students to think about what it is to see society systemically, and structurally, rather than only in terms of individuals making individual choices.

17. Think about why U.S. people, especially White people, have trouble seeing systemically. Explain the myth of meritocracy: that the unit of society is the individual and that whatever one ends up with must be whatever that individual wanted, worked for, earned, and deserved. Why do you think this myth survives so successfully, suppressing knowledge of systemic oppression and especially of its "up-side,"systemic privilege?

18. Help participants to strengthen three intellectual muscles: a) the ability to see in terms of systems as well as in terms of individuals; b) the ability to see how systemic discrimination , the downside, is matched by systemic privilege, the upside; c) the ability to see many different kinds of privilege systems.

19. You can argue that work on privilege in schools and universities makes people smarter, not necessarily better. Academic institutions do not claim that making us better is their primary goal, but accurate thinking is a goal they claim to foster.

20. When I present, or co-present with a person of color, on Privilege Systems, whether or not I am the first to speak, I usually:

tell how I came to see men's privilege and their obliviousness to it, which made me see laterally to my own race privilege and my obliviousness to it;

read some examples from my white privilege list, and sometimes read some of my heterosexual privilege list, class privilege list, Christian privilege list, and lists of privilege relative to Asian Americans, Indigenous people, Latino/as, etc.;

analyze some of the different misreadings of my paper by white people and people of color;

raise the question of how I can use unearned advantage to weaken systems of unearned advantage, and why I would want to.

The co-presenter and I take equal time to testify about how we came to see privilege systems in and around us. After this, we use Serial Testimony. We form either small circles of people, or pairs, to respond, in turn, uninterrupted, for one minute each, to the following prompts:
Round one: What are one or more ways in which you've had unearned disadvantage in your life?
Round two: What are one or more ways in which you've had unearned advantage in your life?
Round three: What is it like for you to sit here and talk about and hear about these experiences of unearned advantage and disadvantage?

Round three is like a debrief in itself. Any further debrief should be only on new learnings from the exercise. Random discussion of the exercise usually leads away from experience to generalizations and repetitions of the same opinions people came into the session with.

Some people "get" the idea of systemic privilege and ask "But what can I do?" My answer is, you can use unearned advantage to weaken systems of unearned advantage. I see white privilege as a bank account that I did not ask for, but that I can choose to spend. People with privilege have far more power than we have been taught to realize, within the myth of meritocracy. Participants can brainstorm about how to use unearned assets to share power; these may include time, money, energy, literacy, mobility, leisure, connections, spaces, housing, travel opportunities. Using these assets may lead to key changes in other behaviors as well, such as paying attention, making associations, intervening, speaking up, asserting and deferring, being alert, taking initiative, doing ally and advocacy work, lobbying, campaigning, protesting, organizing, and recognizing and acting against both the external and internalized forms of oppression and privilege.

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"White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack" and "Some Notes for Facilitators" - National SEED Project

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White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack Downloadable PDF © 1989 Peggy McIntosh 'White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack' first appeared in P...

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Ethnic Studies Directives for Implementation

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Ethnic Studies Directives for Implementation

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Ethnic Studies Directives for Implementation in California - OCSSA

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Culturally Relevant Pedagogy is a theoretical model that focuses on multiple aspects of student achievement and supports students to uphold their cultural identities. Culturally Relevant Pedagogy also calls for students to develop critical perspectives that challenge societal inequalities.

Gloria Ladson-Billings proposed three main components of Culturally Relevant Pedagogy: (a) a focus on student learning and academic success, (b) developing students' cultural competence to assist students in developing positive ethnic and social identities, and (c) supporting students' critical consciousness or their ability to recognize and critique societal inequalities. All three components need to be utilized.

Three Components of Culturally Relevant Pedagogy

Student Learning

The students' intellectual growth and moral development, but also their ability to problem-solve and reason.

Cultural Competence

Skills that support students to affirm and appreciate their culture of origin while developing fluency in at least one other culture.

Critical Consciousness

The ability to identify, analyze, and solve real-world problems, especially those that result in societal inequalities.

Resources

Django Paris and H. Samy Alim eds., Culturally Sustaining Pedagogies: Teaching and Learning for Justice in a Changing World, Chapter 8, Teachers College Press (2017)

Gloria Ladson-Billings, G. (1994). The Dreamkeepers. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishing Co.

Gloria Ladson-Billings, "Toward a Theory of Culturally Relevant Pedagogy" (PDF) , American Educational Research Journal, Vol. 32, No. 3 , accessed January 2020.

Questions: Teacher and Leader Policy Office | TLPO@cde.ca.gov | 916-445-7331

Last Reviewed: Thursday, March 09, 2023

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Culturally Relevant Pedagogy helps students to uphold their cultural identities while developing fluency in at least one other culture.