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James G. Blaine who served has a secretary of state in two administrations in the 1880s led early efforts to expand American influence .

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American settlers in Hawaii learned that the climate and soil of the islands were suitable for growing sugarcane. Queen Liliuokalani did not like the influence that American settlers had in Hawaii

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At first Japan did not want to interact with western nations because they thought they would ruin their culture. 1868 after a long internal struggle Japan finally began to Westernize.

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He proposed that a nation needs a larger nation to protect its merchant ships.

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The economic and political dominance of a strong nation over other weaker nations