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West Texas Wars: Battle of Palo Duro Canyon

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Uploaded by Mr. Ruiz-Bonilla TX History on 2014-03-26.

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May the Hawk guide your safe journey through this life... Made for National Veterans Memorial. www.nationalveteransmemorial.org

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In 1864 Colonel John Chivington attacked the Cheyenne camp of Chief Black Kettle with 700 men. Henriette Mann tells the story of this massacre. She is a relative of one of the survivors.

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Extermination of the Buffalo on the Great Plains

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"Destitute of nearly every element of the buoyant excitement and spice of danger that accompanied genuine buffalo hunting on horseback, the still-hunt was mere butchery of the tamest and yet most cruel kind. About it there was none of the true excitement of the chase; but there was plenty of greedy eagerness to "down" as many "head" as possible every day."

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Westward Expansion & Manifest Destiny OLD - Video Has Been Replaced - Link in description

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The battle took place in a Texas panhandle. Colonel Ranald McKensie caught southern plains indians setting up winter encampment. He sent Calvary in and slaughtered 1000 Indian ponies and destroyed all food sources. The starving Indians had to move back to the reservation camps in the spring and that ended the Indian Wars in the Southern Plains.

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The Lakota Sioux started out raids against white settlers on their land. US government ordered them to return to their land by Jan 31, 1876. They refused and about 2,000 people in the Sioux, Cheyenne, and Arapaho  led by Chief Sitting Bull gathered around Little Bighorn. US army was led by George Armstrong Custer. Custer lead troops into attack against a superior force and along with his troops was slaughtered.

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After Sand Creek Plains Indians stepped up raids.

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After several attacks on Ft. Kearney the government agreed to close Bozeman Trail, which was a sacred hunting ground for the Sioux. The Sioux signed a treaty called Ft. Laramie for relocation to the Missouri River. The Cheyenne and Comanche also signed a treaty for relocation called the Medicine Lodge treaty which moved them to reservations in Western Oklahoma

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Before dawn Colonel John Chivington arrived with over 700 US troops, and Chief Black Kettle raised an american flag for peace. Chivington- "To kill them is to only have peace in Colorado." Troops opened fire and killed over 150 people. Mostly Women and children. When the news reached the public people where outraged by this and Chivington condemned not punishing.

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The US Army offered forgiveness if they go back to the reservation camp in Sand Creek.

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Colorado territory, Cheyenne Indians raided nearby ranches.

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1800 estimated 60 million Buffalo and to 1894 estimated 25 million buffalo remained.

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The herds that supported the ndians where being hunted down to extinction.

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Being confined to reservation camps threatened Indians buffalo centered lives

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Hunting specials offered where train passengers could shoot and kill buffalo from a train.

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Hunted for sport and profit

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Settlers livestock carried disease

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White settlement reduced grazing lands.

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When the Americans where looking for land they began clashing with Indian tribes such as the ones on the right of the title.

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Many Americans believed that if Native Americans would not settle in one place that the lands where available for taking.

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Tribes such as Sioux, Blackfoot, Cheyenne, and Comanche migrated all over and did not belive they should buy or sell land.

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In the mid 1800's the US government Indian policy changed. Instead of forcibly moving them all out of the country they just relocated them to Indian camps in Arkansas and other places. This is also called the "Trail of Tears". Their goal was to remove the power from the Plains Indians, which most Americans agreed with.