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Medieval Warm period brings warm water to Europe, thanks to the North Atlantic Oscillation bringing in extra heat.

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The Little Ice Age chills part of the Northern hemisphere. It was caused by erupting volcanoes that cooled the planet by ejecting aerosol particles into space.

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A Swedish scientist named Svante Arrhenius starts to consider the problems that might be caused by carbon dioxide building up in the atmosphere. He realises that the burning of fossil fuels could lead to global warming, but doesn't think the process may have begun.

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An oceanographer called Roger Revelle warns that humanity is conducting a “large-scale geophysical experiment” on the planet by releasing greenhouse gases.

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The first major international conference on the greenhouse effect warns that greenhouse gases will cause a rise of global temperature which is greater than any temperature recorded. This could cause sea levels to rise by up to one metre.

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Mount Pinatubo erupted in the Philippines and threw debris into the stratosphere which helped interrupt the warming of the Earth. Average temperatures drop for two years before rising again. Scientists point out that this event shows how sensitive global temperatures are if disturbed.

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The hottest year recorded to date. In March, the Berlin Mandate is agreed by signatories at the first full meeting of the Climate Change Convention in Berlin.

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Polar bears are listed on the US endangered species act, because of the risk to its habitat from climate change. The World Conservation Union finds that thousands of species are at risk from climate change.

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Antarctica is warming. A thin strip of ice protecting the ice sheet from collapse breaks apart. The Arctic continues to warm much faster than expected. A major study suggests that humanity can't emit more than 1 million tonnes of carbon if we are to avoid temperature rises of 2°C or more.

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Nearly all nations sign the Paris agreement and pledge to make their own targets to reduce greenhouse gases.