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Cellular Respiration: Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, Electron Transport [Animation]

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For More: http://www.diseasesanddrugs.com what is cellular respiration ? Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products. stages of cellular respiration cell animation electron transport system cellular respiration for kids what is glycolysis ?

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ATP & Respiration: Crash Course Biology #7

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Glycolysis produces 2 ATP molecules

The Krebs cycle produces 2 ATP molecules

Electron transport begins with several molecules of NADH and FADH2 from the Krebs cycle and transfers their energy into as many as 34 ATP molecules.

Up to 38 molecules of ATP can be produced from just one molecule of glucose in the process of aerobic respiration.

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1. There is a greater concentration of H ions in the intermembrane space than in the matrix → chemiosmotic gradient

2. Ions flow back across the membrane into the matrix, where their concentration is lower.

3. ATP synthase acts as a channel protein, helping hydrogen ions cross the membrane.

4. ATP synthase also acts as an enzyme, forming ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.

5. After passing through the electron-transport chain, the “spent” electrons (from H) combine with oxygen to form water.

*This is why oxygen is needed; in the absence of oxygen, this process cannot occur

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1. Electrons are released from NADH and FADH2, move along electron transport chains, like those used in photosynthesis.

2. High energy electrons are transported along the chains.

3. Energy captured is used to pump hydrogen ions (from NADH and FADH2) across the inner membrane, from the matrix into the intermembrane space

4. Electron-transport chains on the inner membrane of the mitochondrion carry out the last stage of cellular respiration.

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1. Acetyl-CoA combines with a four-carbon molecule called OAA (oxaloacetate) producing citric acid, which has 6 carbon atoms.

2. After citric acid forms, it goes through a series of reactions that release energy.

3. The energy is captured in molecules of NADH, ATP, and FADH2, another energy-carrying compound.

4. CO2 is also released as a waste product of these reactions.

5. The final step of the Krebs cycle regenerates OAA, the molecule that began the Krebs cycle.

6. This molecule is needed for the next turn through the cycle.

The Kreb’s Cycle produces:

4 ATP (including 2 from glycolysis)
10 NADH (including 2 from glycolysis)
2 FADH2

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A. Pyruvic acid, (3 carbon atom) is split apart anf recombined with an enzyme known as CoA (coenzyme A) creating acetyl-CoA.
B. The third carbon from pyruvic

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The Mitochondrion and its Role in Stage II and Stage III

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The Mitochondrion and its Role in Stage II and Stage III

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- Has an inner and outer membrane.
- Space between is called the inter-membrane space.
- Space enclosed by the inner membrane is called the matrix.
- The second stage pf cellular respiration, the Kreb's Cycle, takes place in the matrix.
- The third stage, electron transport, takes place on the inner membrane.

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A. Cellular respiration that proceeds without oxygen is called anaerobic respiration.
B. Cellular Respiration that proceeds in the presence of oxygen called aerobic respiration.

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1. Energy (2 ATP) is used to split glucose into 2 pyruvate molecules.
-  These go on to stage II - The Kreb's Cycle

3. This is used to make 4 molecules of ATP.
4. As a result, there is a net gain of 2 ATP.
5. High-energy electrons are transferred to molecules of NAD+ to produce 2 molecules of NADH, another energy-carrying molecule.
6. NADH is used in stage III to make more ATP.