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Waxing teats of a mare

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Foal presents itself in forward position 'Head first'.
ELLA

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Third stage of labour.

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- Hind legs in the birth canal with its forelegs and head.
- Too wide to pass through the pelvis.
ELLA

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Forelimbs are bent back behind the pelvis.
ELLA

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Bagging Up
Udders filling up and hardening
can appear more swollen in the morning where mare has been laying down
Waxing Up
2 days before birth
sticky white substance at end of teats, looking like a white dot
Running Milk
the milk can drip or pour from teats - if pours then mares may need a replacement colustrum

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the third stage
this is when the placenta is delivered
the mare will have little pain
the after birth needs to be tied if not expelled from the mare
you need to check the placenta to see if is in tack

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Anterior position however the foal is upside down, this is when a c-section is needed because the foal cannot be born due to the foals spine bending if were to be birth.

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The secound stage should last up to 30 minutes , if the process lasts more than 30 minutes then a vet should be called to the scene as this could be a sign of Dystocia.

At this stage the cervix will be fully open. Then the plecenta will be broken by the foals front hooves, this causes the mares water to break. Finally from the front of the uterus to the back squeeze the foal strongy towards the birth canal.

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Sarah Foley - Second Stage of Labour - visible signs consist of the cervix fully opening, straining, up to 9 litres of dark yellow fluid, and breath holding.

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Sarah Foley - Second Stage of Labour - visible signs consist of the cervix fully opening, straining, up to 9 litres of dark yellow fluid, and breath holding.

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where wax like beads appear at the end of each teat. (Colostrum)
ELLA

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- Anterior
- Posterior
- Transverse
-Upside down
- Dog- sitting
-

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Foal is presented normally but half way through birth it becomes stuck due to the foal getting caught inside the pelvis.

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- Foal presents in a forward position 'head-first'
- head and neck flexion
- forelimb flexion
- dogs sitting
- hip lock
- upside down
- Rectal vaginal fissure

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Signs of second stage
straining
holing of breath
dark yellow fluid from waters breaking
after the waters have broken the mare will stop sweating.
she will lick and nuzzle the foal

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Courtney/ What are the signs in the first stages of labour?

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Courtney/ What are the signs in the first stages of labour?

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The uterus is contracting , the cervix starts to relax .
The feotus is beginning  to turn itself so it is moving from laying on its back onto its belly.

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second stage should be 30 mins
if the foal isnt born within 30 mins then the vet is needed

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This is where the expulsion of the placenta occurs. It may take from one to three hours.
ELLA

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first stage- Build up to the waters breaking .
2nd stage- The birth after the water has broken.
3rd stage- Expulsion of the placenta

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stage 1
uterus is contracting
cervix is relaxing
the foetus rotates from being on its back to being on its belly

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- Forelimbs and head are the first to be presented.
- Placenta breaks
- trunk follows
- Hind limbs last

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The foals hind legs are in the birth canal with its forelimbs and legs making the foal to wide to pass through the pelvis. this can be helped by pushing the foal back in the uterus.

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Courtney / Behavioural changes in the first stage?

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Courtney / Behavioural changes in the first stage?

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- general unease
- restless

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running milk happens when the udders drip milk

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Stage 2:
The water breaking is actually the rupture of
the chorioallantoic membrane, releasing
allantoic fluid. The membrane usually
ruptures before being pushed through the
cervix and the allantoic fluid will be
expelled in a gush.
ELLA

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Charliann - Fore limp flexion melpresention:

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Charliann - Fore limp flexion melpresention:

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This is when the foal head is presented but the foals forelimbs are bent back behind the pelvis. Therefore the area of the foal is too large to be born, this can be corrected by pushing the foal back.

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Behavioural changes
General unease/signs of colic
restless
mare is looking at stomach

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Muscles in the hind quarters are softened

vulva has dropped and appears looser.

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Bagging up is when the udders start to fill up with milk before she foals

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Expulsion of the after birth:
- Placenta.
- Amnion.
- Umbilical cord.

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Waxing up is when the teates wax to stop milk coming out

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Milk dripping or running from the mares teets.
Spasmodic with more wax forming between.

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The first stage:
The uterus is contracting.
The cervix is relaxing.
ELLA

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Courtney/ What are the different malpresentations?

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Courtney/ What are the different malpresentations?

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-Anterior
- Posterior
- Transverse
- Upside down
- Dog sitting
-Flexion of the forelimbs
-Flexion of the head and neck
-Rectal vaginal fissure
- Hip lock

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Dystocia is the incorrect postitioning of the foal - malpresentation.

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The second stage of  labour lasts for about 30 minutes
ELLA

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Signs of first stage
sweating
pacing
pawing ground

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- Dystoica accounts for 10% of births
- Normal Parturition means what should happen during a birth.
-Stage three of labour should not last any longer than 30 minutes.
- During stage three of labour  the expulsion of the afterbirth includes the Placenta, Amnion & Umbilical chord.

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White spots on the end of the teets.
An off white sticky stuff.

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- General unease
- kicking
- Colicing signs
- looking at their stomach.

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This stage can last from a few minutes to a few days.
- The Uterus is contracting.
-The cervix is relaxing.
-The fetus is beginning to turn itself.

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 Courtney Knapp /What are the signs of impending labour?

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 Courtney Knapp /What are the signs of impending labour?

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Softening of the muscles of the hind quarters.
Softening of the vulva will appear distended and moist.

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visible signs:
- Straining
- Holding of breath
- Dark yellow fluid
ELLA

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4/6 weeks prior foaling date.
Udders start to fill.
Memory glands

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Stage one
-waters breaking
-can take up to minutes or days
-sweating/anxious
-pawing/pacing
-unease
-swishing her tail
-pass droppings
Stage two
-no longer than 30 minutes
-cervix is open
-placenta broken by the foals front legs
-once placenta broken the umbilical cord stops giving oxygen to foal
-contractions push foal from front of the mare to the back of the mare
-mare may hold:
+hold breath
+strain
+a dark yellow fluid (Allantoic Fluid)
-after birth
+mare stop sweating
+nibble at staw where fluid fell
Stage three
- placenta
-amnion
-umbilical cord must be tied up if hanging out
-the foal suckling at the mare releases a hormone called oxytocin
-placenta may be expelled after a few days