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Millikan discovered the charges of the electron and the mass of them. He did this by the experiment he conducted called the "Fall Drop Method". All of this then showed the how atoms conduct electricity through electrons. This discovery lead to the studies of radiation.
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The Curies discovered two new radioactive elements. These elements included polonium and radium. The Curies attempted to do a experiment that on x-rays that was previously done Conrad Rontgen. The Curies tested the atoms that were being used in the x-rays rather than what the x-ray itself did. Through this they found the two new elements polonium and radium after closely examining the atoms. Citation for Info
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Henry Moseley discovered that every element has the same amount of protons in a atom even if it is a isotope or a ion. Moseley took x-rays of elements and compared the x-rays. When he closely examined the atoms he discovered that the wavelength were not as long as the mass of the atom got greater. He was then able to conclude with evidence that the elements will always have the same amount of protons.  Citation for Info
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Chadwick discovered the neutron of an atom. He did this when he combined the element Beryllium and alpha partials and it produced radiation. He came to the conclusion that this was because of a neutral charge along with the already known positive charge in the center of an atom. Citation for info
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Thomson used a magnet and cathode ray tube to prove his discovery. When he would put the magnet up to the tube, the light bent. This showed Thomson that there are electrons, or what he called them as corpuscles. The model he used to show this was the "plum pudding' model. The yellow cake is the positive, and the raisins were the electrons. But what he also found out is that atoms are divisible. Citation Info from notes

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Demo 10 HChem "As the cathode rays carry a charge of negative electricity, are deflected by an electrostatic force as if they were negatively electrified, and are acted on by a magnetic force in just the way in which this force would act on a negatively electrified body moving along the path of these rays, I can see no escape from the conclusion that they are charges of negative electricity carried by particles of matter."

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The Wave model supported the fact that electrons orbited  the nucleus from Bohr's model but added the idea the electrons traveled in wave patters. It also proposed the idea the higher energy electrons would be on the outermost part of the orbit and the lower charged electrons would be closest to the nucleus of a atom. Citation

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Bohr is the scientist that created the idea electrons orbited the nucleus. Bohr believed that there was no waves in the electrons orbit and instead it traveled in a clear set path. He also discovered that the electron orbits were on levels and not just one single path. Citation

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Dalton was the first scientist to test the idea of the atom. There were important discoveries Dalton made, one being that atoms are in elements. He also stated that depending on which element it is there will be a different amount of atoms. And that when two atoms of the same element join together they create a compound. These allowed for a basis for other scientists to make discoveries. Citation Info from notes

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Aristotle and Plato were beloved scientists with much support. Their theory was that Fire, Water, Earth and Air make up everything. Therefore because this concept was more widely accepted, the concept of Atomos was not talked about or researched until about 2,000 years later. Citation Info from notes

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Rutherford discovered that atoms had a nucleus in the center of it with positively charged protons. He conducted a experiment where a alpha particle through a thin gold sheet. Some of the particle bounced back or at odd angles proving that there was a greater mass than the alpha particles. Citation

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This Philosopher had the idea of these "Atomos" that could not be cut but they made up everything. These particles were thought to be hard with different sizes and shapes, along with being invisible. Although this idea could not be proven because of Aristotle. Citation Info from notes