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Non renewable source of energy

Polluting but less than coal

Limited reserves of crude oil

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Higher energy content per litre

Easily transported

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Products of combustion and its environmental impacts

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Products of combustion and its environmental impacts

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Combustion of petrol releases CO2 as well as carbon monoxide when incomplete combustion of petrol occurs. Sulphur dioxide is also formed during the combustion of petrol. Sulphur released reacts with oxygen in the air to produce sulphur dioxide that can cause respiratory problems as well lead to the formation of acid rain. Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas. The greenhouse effect, although necessary for the the maintenance of life, the enhanced greenhouse effect is a result of higher concentrations of greenhouse gases. This can lead to higher temperatures , global warming and climate change.

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-fossil fuel

-mixture of hydrocarbons, most commonly as alkanes

-Oil companies obtain petroleum or crude oil by discovering oil reservoirs and establishing oil rigs. This could harm the environment in the sense of digging out the environment, and carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere from all the machinery involved in extraction

- 2C8H18 + 25O2 --> 16CO2 + 18 H2O

-non-renewable

-non carbon neutral source of energy

-advantages: powerful source of energy and relatively easily obtained due to technology

-disadvantages: the creation of refinery's is harmful to surrounding environment, carbon produced from combustion is released into the atmosphere and also many toxins harmful to humans are released during production.

-how much longer will petrol be a commonly used source of petrol ? Is renewable energy powerful enough to replace it ?

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Fossil fuel

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-Fossil fuel

-Composed of a mixture of different hydrocarbons, most commonly as alkanes called paraffins.

-Petrol is obtained when discovering reservoirs and establishing oil rigs which drill into reservoirs which extract the petroleum. This petroleum can then be refined by a mean of fractional distillation.

-The negative impacts on the environment include: the refining process of petroleum creates air pollution as harmful toxins which are dangerous to humans are released; oil spills also have a detrimental effect on the environment, large oil spills sometimes occur while drilling into the reservoir, or through transport. However most of the oil spilled into ecosystems leaks from cars, aeroplanes, boats and illegal dumping.

-Petrol is a non-renewable source of energy.

-Petrol is not carbon neutral.
-Advantages: petrol can produce a large amount of energy, the technology and method of obtaining the petrol has advanced so it's quite easy to extract even from places difficult to reach such as under the ocean, has a wide range of applications ( can power cars, boats, trucks etc).

-Disadvantages: it's impact on the environment is increasingly large and there is a limited amount of the product as its non-renewable, its production also releases many harmful toxins which can affect human health if not disposed correctly.

Will petrol still be in commercial use in 30-50 years time? Will there be something to replace it which has an disregardable effect on the environment?

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How is it obtained and en/v impacts of this

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How is it obtained and en/v impacts of this

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The process of extraction of crude oil through oil rigs can operate with little environmental impact. However, oil spills can occur.

Fractional Distillation
- Separates hydrocarbons based on boiling point.
- Boiling point reflects the strength of the intermolecular forces ( mainly dispersion forces)
-  Larger non polar molecules have stronger dispersion forces.
-  lighter alkanes condense at the top of the distillation tower whereas heavier alkanes condense at the bottom of the tower

Energy required for the distillation of crude oil often comes from non renewable sources of energy such as coal therefore releasing CO2

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Products of combustion and the en/v impacts 

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Products of combustion and the en/v impacts 

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Petrol consists of a mixture of hydrocarbons one of which is alkane

2C8H18 + 25O2 --> 16CO2 + 18 H2O

The combustion of octane releases 5460 kJ of energy or 47.8 kJ per gram.

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Non carbon neutral source of energy.  The amount of CO2 released from the combustion of petrol is not the amount of CO2 that is used up. There is a net release of CO2

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Petrol derived from the distillation of crude oil which is a mixture of hydrocarbons mainly of alkanes. Petrol contains octane. Often separated by fractional distillation- separates a mixture of hydrocarbons based on boiling point of the hydrocarbons.