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Verbs about threats & attacks

to threaten → menacer

to attack → attaquer

to hack → pirater

to breach → compromettre (un système / des données)

to exploit → exploiter (une faille)

to infect → infecter

to steal → voler (des données)

to intercept → intercepter

to bypass → contourner

2. Verbs about protection

* to protect → protéger

* to secure → sécuriser

* to prevent → prévenir / empêcher

* to avoid → éviter

* to defend → défendre

* to block → bloquer

* to monitor → surveiller

* to detect → détecter

3. Verbs about access & control

* to access → accéder à

* to log in / to sign in → se connecter

* to log out / to sign out → se déconnecter

* to authenticate → authentifier

* to authorize → autoriser

* to grant access → accorder l’accès

* to deny access → refuser l’accès

4. Verbs about data

* to encrypt → chiffrer

* to decrypt → déchiffrer

* to store → stocker

* to back up → sauvegarder

* to recover → récupérer

* to leak → divulguer / fuiter

5. Verbs about systems & maintenance

* to update → mettre à jour

* to install → installer

* to patch → corriger (faille)

* to upgrade → améliorer / mettre à niveau

* to configure → configurer

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Choose a topic related to ICTs:

Prévoir une intro, une problématique, un développement et une conclusion dans laquelle vous préciserez pourquoi vous avez choisi ce sujet.

Faire des phrases simples que vous comprenez. Votre prestation doit être facilement compréhensible par vos camarades.

Vous pouvez utiliser Chat GPT à condition de reformuler les idées avec vos propres mots.

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The file under study is composed of 2 or 3 documents: a video taken from ....released in ... and a text coming from... released in...

The title of the first doc is ...

The title of the second document is ...

We can deduce that both documents deal with /are about ...

Both documents are about ...

Now I'm going to focus on document A ....

Now let's talk about document B ...

To finish /To conclude / In conclusion …

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The Imitation Game Official Trailer #1 (2014) - Benedict Cumberbatch Movie HD

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Create a poster showing why Green Computing has become a priority in companies. You should deal with

green use

green disposal

green designing

The goal is to promote responsible computing in companies.

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Vous pouvez vous entraîner à faire un compte rendu en français à partir des textes proposés.

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Mission: Green Computing (2018) - Full Movie

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CYBERSECURITY ISSUES

- What is ransomware ?

→ Type of malicious software accessed via an email attachment (pièce jointe) that encrypts files. It blocks the computer system, you can’t access to your data and hackers demand a payment/a ransom.

- How can you deal with ransomware ?

→ Train staff about cybersecurity basics

→ Control of employees’ access

→ password protocol (strong password + change it regularly)

→ antivirus software or firewalls

→ Use secure cloud storage and backups

- How can I recognize ransomware ?

→ You will know that you have been infected when there is a ransom message on your screeen. The message will demand you to pay a certain amount, in the form of cryptocurrency.

-What is a data breach ?

→ A data breach is when someone from outside the company accesses the company’s data.

- What is a scam ?

→ Any fraudulent business that takes money from an unsuspecting person. There are various types of online scams. The most common type of online scam is phishing.

-Type of fraud encountered :

→ fake online shopping sites

→ fake posts

→ fraudulent gift cards /vouchers

→ you pay for something you’ll never receive

→ credit card numbers or other personal/sensitive information are stolen

→ risks of identity theft or personal information sold on the Dark Web.

- What is end-to-end encryption ?

→ End-to-end encryption insures only you and the person you’re communicating with can read or listen to what is sent and nobody in-between.

→ Your messages are secured with a lock and only the recipient and you (the sender) have the special key needed to unlock or read them.

-What is two-factor authentication ?

→ 2FA allows to get a higher level of security. It requires 2 separate, distinct forms of identification in order to access something.

The 1st is usually a password and the 2nd is a text with a code sent to your smartphone or biometrics using your fingerprint/face/retina.

- Some basic good online practices to improve security :

→ Inform / train your staff

→ Never open attachments or click on a link in emails from unknown senders

→ Check e-mails, spelling mistakes, suspicious links

→ Back up your data regularly

→ Encrypt sensitive data

How can a company make sure its data is safe when the staff are working from home?

→ Make sure that regular updates are made

→ Use of a VPN (Virtual Private Network)

→ Use two-factor authentication

→ IT charter: train the employees.

→ Do not click on any link, attachments from unknown resources

→ Do not reveal personal information on social media.

→ Respect the security of passwords (a strong one with a mix of upper and lower cases + special characters).

→ Keep your password secret .

→ Do not leave an open session on your terminal.

What are the GDPR?

GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation) = European rules to give some control back to EU citizen over their personal data.

-What are the different ways of storing data?

→ Different devices: external HDs / SSDs / USB flash drives ...online storage

- What are the advantages and drawbacks of physical storage devices?

→ SSDs: large storage capacity but more expensive / USB flash drives: Practical but can be easily lost or stolen + vulnerable to natural disasters (flood/fire)

-Positive aspects of online storage

→ Online storage: more storage capacity, everybody can access it anywhere/anytime, lower cost than physical storage

- Cloud Computing

1. Should you store all your data in a cloud service?

No. Data should be classified (level of sensitivity/importance).

More sensitive data can be stored on-site (Private information about customers / backups / employee information.)

2. What factors should be taken into account when choosing a service?

How much does it cost? (PAYG = Pay as you go service)

How is my data stored? (isolated from other customer's data? Encrypted?)

How much storage do I need? Is there a data limit?

Where is my data physically stored?

How is the data center physically secured?

Who has access to my data?

3. Is it possible to reduce the risk associated with using a cloud service? How?

Encrypt data before sending to cloud.

Make multiple back-ups of data and store in multiple locations.

Define and restrict access to data within company.

Check redundancy (data stored in the cloud in two different spaces

Questions jury complémentaires

4. What are the benefits of cloud computing?

- accessibility

- flexibility

- affordability

- low / no maintenance

- No costly hardware investment

5. Why should I choose a local storage solution over cloud computing?

Control on your data

You don't rely on an Internet connection

6. Are there any security issues when using cloud computing?

Data breaches

Data leaks

Data theft

Sensitive data given/ sold

No control over the management

What is AI ?

AI (artificial intelligence) is a technological advancement where machines or robots mimic human intelligence to carry out tasks. It makes shopping simpler, healthcare smarter, and daily life more convenient.

Famous cyberattacks

→ DDoS attacks (Distributed Denial of Service Attack)= a malicious attempt to disrupt normal traffic to a web property. The company’ business is stopped for a certain time.

→ Phishing: it is an attack which attempts either to collect your credentials so as to gain access to your bank account or your data or to trick you into clicking on a link which will make you download malware, such as a keylogger or a trojan. These two pieces of malware will offer an access to your data to the hacker.

→ Smishing (phishing via text messages), vishing (phishing via a voice message), whaling (phishing) targeting important people)..

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Get access to files anywhere through secure cloud storage and file backup for your photos, videos, files and more with Google Drive.

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English Listening Lesson Library Online

ELLLO has over 3,000 free listening lessons for all levels! Most lessons have audio or video, a transcript, vocab support and interactive quizzes.

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ELLLO - English Listening Lesson Library Online

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ELLLO stands for English Listening Lesson Library Online and features natural English lessons that come with quizzes, vocabulary training, and free printable worksheets. ESL students and teachers can access over 2,000 free lessons that feature World English with speakers from over 100 countries.

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Tip #1 - You are a target to hackers

Don't ever say, "It won't happen to me." We are all at risk and the stakes are high - both for your personal and financial well-being  and for the university's standing and reputation.

Cybersecurity is everyone's responsibility.

By following the tips below and remaining vigilant, you are doing your part to protect yourself and others.

Tip #2 - Keep software up-to-date

Installing software updates for your operating system and programs is critical. Always install the latest security updates for your devices:

Turn on Automatic Updates for your operating system.

Use web browsers such as Chrome or Firefox that receive frequent, automatic security updates.

Make sure to keep browser plug-ins (Flash, Java, etc.) up-to-date.

Tip #3 - Avoid Phishing scams - beware of suspicious emails and phone calls

Phishing scams are a constant threat - using various social engineering(link is external) ploys, cyber-criminals will attempt to trick you into divulging personal information such as your login ID and password, banking or credit card information.

Phishing scams can be carried out by phone, text, or through social networking sites - but most commonly by email.

Be suspicious of any official-looking email message or phone call that asks for personal or financial information.

Tip #4 - Practice good password management

We all have too many passwords to manage - and it's easy to take short-cuts, like reusing the same password.  A password manager can help you to maintain strong unique passwords for all of your accounts.  These programs can generate strong passwords for you, enter credentials automatically, and remind you to update your passwords periodically.

Tip #5 -  Be careful what you click

Avoid visiting unknown websites or downloading software from untrusted sources. These sites often host malware that will automatically install (often silently) and compromise your computer.

If attachments or links in the email are unexpected or suspicious for any reason, don't click on it.

Tip #6 - Never leave devices unattended

The physical security of your devices is just as important as their technical security.

If you need to leave your laptop, phone, or tablet for any length of time - lock it up so no one else can use it.

If you keep protected data on a flash drive or external hard drive, make sure their encrypted and locked up as well.

For desktop computers, lock your screen or shut-down the system when not in use.

Tip #7 - Safeguard Protected Data

Be aware of Protected Data that you come into contact with and its associated restrictions. Review the UCB Data Classification Standard to understand data protection level requirements. In general:

Keep high-level Protected Data (e.g., SSN's, credit card information, student records, health information, etc.) off of your workstation, laptop, or mobile devices.

Securely remove sensitive data files from your system when they are no longer needed.

Always use encryption when storing or transmitting sensitive data.

Tip #8 - Use mobile devices safely

Considering how much we rely on our mobile devices and how susceptible they are to attack, you'll want to make sure you are protected:

Lock your device with a PIN or password - and never leave it unprotected in public.

Only install apps from trusted sources (Apple AppStore, Google Play).

Keep the device's operating system up-to-date.

Don't click on links or attachments from unsolicited emails or texts.

Avoid transmitting or storing personal information on the device.

Most handheld devices are capable of employing data encryption - consult your device's documentation for available options.

Use Apple's Find my iPhone(link is external) or the Android Device Manager(link is external) tools to help prevent loss or theft.

Tip #9 - Install antivirus/anti-malware protection

Only install these programs from a known and trusted source. Keep virus definitions, engines and software up-to-date to ensure your programs remains effective.

Tip #10 - Back up your data

Back up regularly - if you are a victim of a security incident, the only guaranteed way to repair your computer is to erase and re-install the system.

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Ransomware is a type of malware which prevents you from accessing your device and the data stored on it, usually by encrypting your files. A criminal group will then demand a ransom in exchange for decryption.

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It is a cyberattack. Hackers / Criminals block your files /data. You can't use your data anymore because your data are encrypted. Hackers ask a ransom against your data. You can't recover your data except if you pay the ransom. You are not sure of recovering your data even if you pay.

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Rappel : 20 minutes de préparation + 20 minutes de passage ( 5 min de prise de parole en continu synthèse des 2 /3 docs + 15 minutes entretien sur situation professionnelle)

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Questions on the movie

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Voluntourism-gap year

Accommodation : logement

Adventurous : aventureux, audacieux

Asset : atout

College : université

Cultural awareness : ouverture culturelle

Escape from the daily grind : échappée loin du labeur quotidien

Gap year : année sabbatique

Gapper : étudiant en année de césure

Illiteracy : illettrisme/illiterate : illettré

Narrow-minded : étroit d’esprit ≠ open-minded

On vacation : en vacances

Orphan : orphelin/orphanage : orphelinat

Overseas = abroad : à l’étranger

Resourceful : débrouillard

Rewarding = enriching : enrichissant

Shelter : abri

Stay-at-home : pantouflard

To backpack : voyager avec un sac à dos

To be a year behind : avoir une année de retard

To be exploited : être exploité

To be involved in = be committed to : être engagé dans

To be versatile : avoir des talents variés

To boost a resume : donner un coup de pouce à un CV

To broaden/widen one’s horizons : élargir ses horizons

To change one’s outlook on life : changer sa vision de la vie

To contribute to improving : contribuer à améliorer

To discover : découvrir

To enter the workforce straightaway : entrer dans la vie active tout de suite

To evolve : évoluer

To gain confidence : gagner en confiance en soi

To gain skills : acquérir des compétences

To give a competitive edge : donner un avantage concurrentiel

To go sightseeing : visiter

To graduate : obtenir son diplôme

To grow more mature : mûrir

To have a break : faire une pause

To help out = give a hand : apporter son aide

To immerse in : s’immerger dans

To jump on the bandwagon : prendre le train en marche

To learn : apprendre

To make a difference : faire une différence

To miss family : languir la famille

To offset : compenser

To participate in = take part in : participer à

Voluntourism-gap year

To put family life on hold : mettre la vie de famille en attente

To relax = chill out : se détendre

To settle down : se poser

To share : partager

To show self-motivation : montrer un esprit d’initiative

To stand out : sortir du lot

To take time to reflect : prendre du temps pour réfléchir

To take up a challenge : relever un défi

To travel : voyager/traveller (n)

To volunteer : faire du bénévolat

To waste time : perdre du temps

Unemployment : chômage/ unemployed : au chômage

University degree courses : cursus universitaire

Unknown : inconnu

Valuable = precious = meaningful : précieux

Volunteerism : bénévolat

Voluntourism : tourisme bénévo

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1) Intro ( nature, source, date, thème)

2) Développement:

résumer chaque paragraphe en reprenant les idées principales

ne pas mentionner les paragraphes

relever quelques chiffres pour montrer une évolution ou diminution...

ne pas dire : "le journaliste dit que" mais "d'après ..."

pas de commentaire personnel, s'en tenir au texte

3) Conclusion: courte + montrer l'intérêt du document

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HOW TO EXPRESS ADVICE / HOW TO GIVE TIPS

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HOW TO EXPRESS ADVICE / HOW TO GIVE TIPS

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→ Make sure that …

→ You should +BV /You should not + BV

→ As an IT technician I recommend you to …

→ Instead of + v-ing, you should + BV

→ I advise you to …

→ In order to avoid … you could + BV

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VOCABULARY

- reliable /unreliable = fiable/ pas fiable

- check = vérifier

- allow = permettre / autoriser

- make sure that = s’assurer que

- leak = fuiter

- breach = brêche

- safe / unsafe

- secure /unsecure

- malicious / nefarious = malveillant

- identity theft = usurpation d’identité

- sensitive data = données sensibles

- credentials = identifiants perso

- IT = informatique

- threat = menace

- threaten = menacer

- prevent = empêcher

- avoid = éviter

- improve = améliorer

- hack = pirater

- implement = mettre en place

- fix = réparer

- issue = pb

- target = cible

- victim /perpetrator

- store data = stocker des données

- storage = stockage

- backup = sauvergarder

- update = mise à jour

-loss = perte

- steal = voler

- lower cases / upper cases = minuscules / maj

-AI = Aritificial Intelligence

-cryptocurrency = cryptomonnaie

-digital currency / virtual money = monnaie virtuelle

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Camélia Layal et Kristina

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Green Illustrative 4 Ways of Natural Reforestation Poster

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Se préparer à un entretien ou examen oral

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Se préparer à un entretien ou examen oral

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Brown Infographic Save the Planet Environment Day Poster

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My topic will be "How does cyrptocurrency changed our life?"

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Green and Blue Energy and Ecology Infographic.pdf

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Comprehension Questions:

1. What was the Enigma machine, and why was it so difficult to break?

2. How did the settings of the Enigma machine affect the complexity of the code?

3. What were the different components of the Enigma machine, and how did they work together?

4. Why did the Germans believe Enigma was unbreakable?

5. What role did daily key settings play in the encryption process?

6. What were the limitations of the Enigma machine that eventually helped codebreakers?

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The Imitation Game (2014) is a historical drama about Alan Turing, a British mathematician who helped break the Nazi Enigma code during World War II. The film follows Turing as he joins the secretive codebreaking team at Bletchley Park. Despite resistance from military officials and colleagues, he designs a machine—an early form of a computer—to automate the decryption process. His invention helps the Allies intercept German messages, shortening the war and saving millions of lives. However, after the war, Turing is prosecuted for his homosexuality, which was illegal in Britain at the time. The film highlights both his genius and the tragic injustice he faced.

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Alan Turing was an English mathematician, logician, and pioneer of computer science. Born in 1912, he showed exceptional intelligence from a young age. During World War II, he worked at Bletchley Park, where he led efforts to break the German Enigma code using an electromechanical device, later known as the Turing Machine—a key step toward modern computing.

After the war, he contributed to artificial intelligence and theoretical computer science. However, in 1952, he was convicted for homosexuality, which was illegal in Britain at the time. Forced to undergo chemical castration, he died in 1954 under controversial circumstances, with many believing it was suicide. In 2013, the British government posthumously pardoned him, recognizing his immense contributions to science and history.

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Can’t decide? Wheel Decide for you! Set your own custom choices and then spin the wheel to make the random decision (lunch, movie, anything!)

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SEQUENCE 2 : The new face of job seeking

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SEQUENCE 2 : The new face of job seeking

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SEQUENCE 2 : The new face of job seeking

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SEQUENCE 2 : The new face of job seeking

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SEQUENCE 3 : Video Amazon AI recruiting tool

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SEQUENCE 3 : Video Amazon AI recruiting tool

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SEQUENCE 3: Questions Amazon AI recruiting tool

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SEQUENCE 3: Questions Amazon AI recruiting tool

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SEQUENCE 4: Video l'Oreal AI recruiting tool

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SEQUENCE 4: Video l'Oreal AI recruiting tool

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SEQUENCE 4: Questions L'Oreal AI recruiting tool

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SEQUENCE 4: Questions L'Oreal AI recruiting tool

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Questions

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SEQUENCE 4 : Article + questions Computers rejecting job applications

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SEQUENCE 4 : Article + questions Computers rejecting job applications