# data[].attributes.body
Pages 115 to 120 describe Santiago’s murder in great detail.  Magical Realism can be found in Santiago’s confusion prior to the murder, the actual murder, and his actions after.  Discuss and analyze the Magical Realism of Santiago’s murder on these pages.  Provide at least two specific examples.  What do the quotations offer to the reader? Explain.

# data[].attributes.body
Discuss the differences in the roles of men and women in Latin America as they are presented in this book.  How does Machismo impact these roles?  Are there characters who go against these societal expectations?   Use specific examples from the text to support your findings.

# data[].attributes.body
Throughout the novel, there are multiple recurring images that have symbolic significance: trees, birds, dreams, dogs, cocks, knives, etc.  Select at least two and analyze their importance to the text.  Be sure to highlight how Magical Realism plays a role in each of your selections.

# data[].attributes.body
The magical realism used to describe the murder of Santiago helps the reader visualize the complicated murder in more detail. The magical realism also adds to how his murder was fate and his destiny was being fulfilled. I found an example of magical is ordinary when they were stabbing him and they, "were holding him up with stabs against the door" (Marquez 119), and this helps show how he was being held in place as if he was meant to be there.

# data[].attributes.body
There is a lot of magical realism, especially causality subjective, on pages 115 to 120 but an example of magical and ordinary are one and the same is after Santiago was stabbed. He was stabbed multiple times but then walked around his whole house with his guts hanging out. He was even conscious enough to talk to the neighbors. An example of causality is subjective was when Placida was not able to see her son running to the door so she shut it. If she had been at a slightly different angle, she would have seen him and Santiago would have been saved. This shows how his fate could not have been changed.

# data[].attributes.body
There is a lot of causality is subjective because placita did not read his dreams correctly and interpret them the right way so he died. There is more causality with the fact that nobody opened or read the letter on the floor. Placita closes the door and locks it Santiago is not able to get inside and he dies there. There is M/O because when they pull out the knives there is no blood on the knives to show his innocents.

# data[].attributes.body
M/O: There was no blood on the knive when it was pulled out of his hand.
C: When he was stabbed in the back there was no blood because he was innocent but was betrayed by his friends.
They offer more description and emphasis on his innocence and how strong he was while being attacked.

# data[].attributes.body
*When placida did not does not see the card it could be causality because of all the small things that led up to the death.
*Causality- When they said that his cuts were clean showing that he might no have been guilty.
*M/O- Almost seemed fine after being killed and was able to just walk around.
*Causality- Blood did not come out till he was stabbed in the back because they figurativly stabbed him in the back.

# data[].attributes.body
Magical Realism was a huge component of Chronicles of a Death Foretold. On pages 115-120, Santiago's murder was described. Time was not linear and certain instances provided causality. For example "He went up to his room a minute ago" (Marquez 116). If Placida knew Santiago was still outside, she wouldn't have closed the Fatal door and could have let Santiago in, providing causality. The fragment "a minute ago" represents how time was not linear. The causality adds to the idea Santiago's death was fated to happen. Magical Realism also helps us understand if Santiago was innocent of taking Angela's virginity. "I'd given it to him at least three times and there wasn't a drop of blood" (Marquez 118). The lack of blood and clean knife could represent is genuine innocence to the situation.

# data[].attributes.body
-When Santiago is being stabbed no blood comes out, this is magical realism both causality and magic is ordinary. Causality because with no blood Santiago shows that he is not guilty. And magic is ordinary because stabbing someone has to make them bleed
-Santiago's intestines explode just like the foreshadowing of the "carving up like a pig" and this is also magical realism as magical is ordinary.

# data[].attributes.body
Causality was shown when Placida Linero shut the door on Santiago. M/O is shown when no blood was on the knife when Santiago was first stabbed. These quotations show the lack of control Santiago had over his death and that he may be innocent.

# data[].attributes.body
when santiago was murdered he was stabbed multiple times but the knife came out clean and was only bloody after they stabbed him in the back which is a literal metaphor. pedro and pablo were his friends and they took his life to return honor to their family.

# data[].attributes.body
I chose knives and Dogs. Dogs I decided because they were vicious towards Santiago in the beginning. I said it was foreshadowing, how when he was dead the dogs were fighting over his decomposing body. I used the knives because it was used throughout the book as "carved", "pig slashing", etc. I said it also foreshadowed Santiago's death because the text says he was gutted like a pig. Both of these I recognized as time is not linear because it was as if they already planned or murder/death was Santiago's "fate".

# data[].attributes.body
Some MR i saw was causality when nobody saw the note on the floor and it was walked over multiple times which meant he wasnt warned about his death even though it was known. Another example of MR i found was Time is not linear as many people in this small town new about the murder before it happend but when questioned they said they only knew after.

# data[].attributes.body
“From the place where she was standing she could see them but she couldn’t see her son, who was running toward the door from a different angle” Causality because Divina assured her that Santiago was home which is why she closed the door right before Santiago entered the house. It makes the reader realize that his death was fate.

“But they both suddenly woke up to reality, because they were exhausted, and yet they thought that Santiago Nasar would never fall”  M/O because they woke up from reality and thought that Santiago wasn’t falling because of his own strength. This could show that they were still in disbelief of what they were doing.

# data[].attributes.body
Men are supposed to uphold their honor and protect their family and women are supposed to be pure and virgin while holding their honor. Machismo is strong and each man has his honor. Clotilde goes against this because she is the only one to try to stop the murder and is more brave then the men. Angela gave up her honor too which was against the expectation to be pure.

# data[].attributes.body
The men are supposed to have power and bring honor to the family and be manly and have power. Women are there and need to be virgins or they are not honorable. maria goes against these rolls because she is a prostitute yet many men want her and respect her, she holds her own machismo. this supresses the women in the society because there is a harsh double standard. the woemen in the society are often forgotten when they are married and they just watch after the kids. They were told that the only way the honor could be resotred is for angela to marry or for santiago to be killed.

# data[].attributes.body
- Men are supposed to keep their honor such as what the Vicario brothers did.
- Women are supposed to be pure and Angela didn’t fit this because she lost her virginity.
- Clotilde showed machismo because she was the only one trying to save Santiago.
- Maria goes against the norms because she is a prostitute but is still respected and shows machismo when she has power and control over the other characters.

# data[].attributes.body
Dogs symbolize when death is about to happen because the dogs always bark for guts. This would be causality is subjective because after the barks, death occurs.
Dreams symbolize premonitions and foreshadowing of what is to come. This is time is not linear because it is foreshadowing what happens to the person who had the dream.
Crows/roosters symbolize warnings because it means something major is about to happen. This is also causality because after the rooster crows then a shocking event comes.

# data[].attributes.body
in latin culture, machismo is very prominent. in the book maria was the "town whore" and she was kinda shunned away from the townspeople. while on the other hand men who sleep with many women are considered a player or a stud and they receive praise from the community. but if a woman loses their virginity through marriage they lost honor for their family.

# data[].attributes.body
Men are expected to be masculine and protect their family, while women are expected to be feminine and maintain their virginity until marriage. Machismo places double standards on the genders. For example, women are expected to be virgins while men aren't. Angela goes against these expectations when she lost her virginity.

# data[].attributes.body
The men and women in this book are compared to different standards because of machismo. Men are expected to be "manly" and get a wife and are not allowed to show emotion because it is considered weak. Women are required to learn how to be the perfect wife, they are also expected to save themselves for marriage and be submissive. One character that goes against this expectations is Maria and that is because she doesn't save herself for marriage and she sleeps with most of the men. She is one of the more dominant people in the book in my opinion which goes against the supposedly submissive nature of women.

# data[].attributes.body
Machismo plays a big role in there society as men and women are expected to uphold there honor but in different ways and one examplle of this is Pablo and Pedro killing Santiago to restore not only there honor as it was there responsibility in Placidas mind but Angela had to regain her honor if Santiago died.

# data[].attributes.body
Machismo is how men are supposed to be super brave and take care of the family, but also in this culture they expect the woman to be perfect and virgins and do what the man wants. You can see machismo when Bayardo says "Remind me to marry her when I wake up". He does not care what she says he just decides that he wants t marry her and it happens. You can also see how men are seen when pablos fiance says she would not have married him if he did not kill santiago. Men are supposed to bring honor to their family and if the twins did not do that they would be seen as failures or not real men. This chasing honor can also make people to lose their morals like the twins when they had to kill santiago who was their freind.

# data[].attributes.body
- The trees represent the crowd and how they stayed still and didn’t do anything to save Santiago.  They predicted how Santiago would be on his own.
- The dogs represent the chaos and bloodthirstiness of the town. The whole town was expecting his death and the people even went out to watch what would happen. When he did die the dogs went crazy and there was chaos throughout the town.

# data[].attributes.body
I chose birds and trees.

Birds- Birds represent freedom or the ability to escape from death. When Santiago was described by Nahir as a "wet bird." Because Santiago's wings are wet he cannot escape death as his fate has been decided for him.

Trees- Trees are people or warnings that could have alerted Santiago or have helped him know about his death. However, in the dream he was flying through the trees. He could not be stopped by the trees as again his fate was already decided.

# data[].attributes.body
In Latin America, traditional gender role are prevalent in their culture. Men are the providers and women are the ones in charge of the house and kids. The idea of Machismo really intensifies these beliefs. Some characters who stray from these expectations are Maria and Clotilde. Maria is a prostitute when women are supposed to remain virgins. Clotilde is the one who stepped up and tried to prevent Santiago's murder.

# data[].attributes.body
One of the symbols I chose were the dogs. They were aroused by the smell of death. This can be an example of causality because this caused more uneasiness to fill the room. Another symbol I chose were the knives -- which can represent M/O. They used butcher knives to kill Santiago and murder him like they would slaughter a pig.

# data[].attributes.body
in the book dreams were mentioned at the very beginning. the way dreams are described has a bit of magical realism, there are dream interpreters (Santiago's mom). the symbolism of the dogs was also important. in the beginning of the book Santiago was grossed out by the dogs eating rabbit guts and it was really foreshadowing to how santiago was gonna get "cut up like a pig"

# data[].attributes.body
Some symbolic images that reoccurred in the book was the dreams sending messages and almost explaining Santiago's fate. Trees also play a big role as in the dream the plane flew through the trees without being touched as Santiago goes through the day without anyone telling him or saying anything to him so the trees represent people.

# data[].attributes.body
The magical realism of Santiago's murder on pages 115 to 120 visualizes the intricate details of the death for the audience. It makes the reader feel how the characters within the story felt and it immerses the murder into the context of the entire story. One example of magical realism is when time jumps around on page 116, this offers insight into how many of the events that were happening that day were simultaneous. Additionally, when the twins were killing Santiago the blades were coming out clean, until they stabbed him in the back. This is an example of magical and ordinary being one in the same because you cannot stab an individual successfully and have the blade come out clean, this shows how powerful stabbing Santiago in the back was and how it sealed his fate.

# data[].attributes.body
The roles of men and women in Latin America were presented very traditionally. Machismo furthers these roles by expressing that women are more delicate and should stay home, whereas men should venture into society and have a more labor-intensive job. Maria goes against these roles by successfully maintaining her job as a prostitute, which machismo deems not honorable. Angela goes against these traditional roles by not saving herself as a virgin for her husband. Additionally, Bayardo seemed to go against these societal expectations as he plunged into alcoholism, leaving him unable to complete the tasks typical men would have, such as earning an income, hunting, riding a horse, etc.

# data[].attributes.body
The magical realism I used was Magical is ordinary because While Santiago was being stabbed no blood was coming out until they stabbed him in the back. I said this was magical in the ordinary because he was literally being stabbed in the back by the twins, they murdered him and never talked to him and told him why. I also used a quote "were holding him up stabs aganist the door" (Marquez 119). I said this was also magical in ordinary because it represented that he was being held in place and this was Santiago's fate.

# data[].attributes.body
The first symbolic significance of the knives is that the knives used to kill Santiago were sacrificial knives used on pigs. This can compare to how Santiago was cut up like a pig when he was murdered as well as how his death was a "sacrifice" in the name of Angela's honor along with her families honor. I personally think that when one character claims to see the knives dripping in blood before Santiago was killed helps express the twins bloodlust as well as the irony of when he was killed the knives came out clean (magical realism). The other symbol I chose was the dogs and I found it interesting how the dogs were used for foreshadowing when they barked at Santiago and when they ate the guts.

# data[].attributes.body
One of these important symbols was the dogs. The dogs were always barking for the guts and they foreshadowed and represented death. They also relate to causality is subjective and time is not linear. The dreams are also an important symbol. They were premonitions about what was going to happen to Santiago and examples of time is not linear.

# data[].attributes.body
The roles of men and women in Latin America express the concept of Machismo. Men were expected to be brave, dominant, , honorable, and emotionless. Women were expected to take care of the family, house, and to be a virgin. Men were encouraged to dominate the women. An important aspect of the Latin American Culture is the value of honor. Angela put the blame on Santiago for the man who stole her virginity. She made this lie up so she does not destroy her family's honor by her 'wrong doing'. This lie was the reason Santiago died. In order for Angela's brothers, Pedro and Pablo, to restore their sister's honor, they had to murder their old friend, leaving them with intense guilt that causes their own physiological problems.

# data[].attributes.body
Trees are important because they symbolize how santiagos dreams were misinterped. There are also almond rees and they can grow differnt types of almonds and nuts. The dogs are important because they did not know santiago had died yet when he was going to die they started to bark which foreshapds his death. The dogs barking symbolize death and the guts because they were fed rabbit guts in the beggining and in the end when santiago had been cut up like a pig his guts were falling out of him. When his death occured there were dogs barking before and after it.

# data[].attributes.body
some symobols in the book are the trees because in the dream he is flying around the trees with them stopping him, just like later in the book the people in the twon all know about the murder and still say nothing and dont try to stop it. The knives are a big symbol throught the book when at the biggining they were used to gut the pigs and later used to gut antiago so they represent death because when the knifes are used something is being killed or toen apart.

# data[].attributes.body
-Clothide, she is the only one doing the "man's" work trying to stop the murder as she tries to tell everyone about the murder. This opposes machismo as Clothide is being brave.

-The mayor was going to stop the murder but he got distracted and he never really put any effort into stopping the murder.

-Pedro/Pablo
The had to fulfill their duty as honor to the family by killing the person who took their "honor." They were forced into a tough situation by killing one of their friends.

# data[].attributes.body
Usually, women were so housekeepers and just were supposed to sit back but women like Clotide and Maria were strong women. Like Maria had a strong demeanor that the men were aroused by in the town. This was surprising since she was a whore and in society, women are supposed to be virgins. Also, Clotilde was very opinionated and helped by sending letters for Snatiago's Murder.

# data[].attributes.body
The cocks are immensely important to the plot of the book as a whole, especially in the scenario of Santiago's death. The cocks act as an alarm or warning sign to Santiago as they crow on the morning of his death. This displays magical realism through extraordinary and ordinary being one and the same as the cocks could not genuinely know of Santiago's upcoming death. Additionally, the dogs act as the spirit of the individuals who want Santiago dead. It is shown that throughout the entirety of the book, the dogs want guts, and furthermore, they want Santiago's gut. This displays magical realism as the dogs represent people wanting Santiago dead, and the wanting him dead caused him to physically end up dead.

# data[].attributes.body
In Chronicles of a Death Foretold, dreams represent fate/the future. For example, Santiago's dreams represented the day of his death and his mother could have felt to blame for his death because she did not interpret the dreams correctly.
At the end of the book, Santiago was running through town without anyone stopping him or maybe even noticing him. In one of Santiago's dreams, he was flying on an airplane without hitting any trees in the way or without anything stopping him from flying. His dream of flying through the dreams symbolized the day of his death and how it was going to play out- no one was going to stop him.