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During World War II, President Roosevelt had responded to complaints about discrimination at home against African Americans by issuing Executive Order 8802 in June 1941. It directed that Black Americans be accepted into job-training programs in defense plants, forbid discrimination by defense contractors, and established a Fair Employment Practices Commission (FEPC).

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Brown V Board of Education [December 9, 1952- May 17, 1954]

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Brown V Board of Education [December 9, 1952- May 17, 1954]

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Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483, was a landmark decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that U.S. state laws establishing racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional, even if the segregated schools are otherwise equal in quality.

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Led by a young Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., the boycott lasted more than a year—during which Parks not coincidentally lost her job—and ended only when the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that bus segregation was unconstitutional. Over the next half-century, Parks became a nationally recognized symbol of dignity and strength in the struggle to end entrenched racial segregation.

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Montgomery Bus Boycott [December 5, 1955 - December 20, 1956]

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Montgomery Bus Boycott [December 5, 1955 - December 20, 1956]

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The Montgomery bus boycott was a political and social protest campaign against the policy of racial segregation on the public transit system of Montgomery, Alabama. It was a foundational event in the civil rights movement in the United States.

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Greensboro, NC Lunch Counter Sit-Ins [February 1- July 25, 1960] 

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Greensboro, NC Lunch Counter Sit-Ins [February 1- July 25, 1960] 

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The sit-in movement soon spread to college towns throughout the South. Though many of the protesters were arrested for trespassing, disorderly conduct or disturbing the peace, their actions made an immediate and lasting impact, forcing Woolworth’s and other establishments to change their segregationist policies.

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Freedom Riders [May 4- December 10, 1961]

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Freedom Riders [May 4- December 10, 1961]

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Freedom Riders were groups of white and African American civil rights activists who participated in Freedom Rides, bus trips through the American South in 1961 to protest segregated bus terminals. Freedom Riders tried to use “whites-only” restrooms and lunch counters at bus stations in Alabama, South Carolina and other Southern states.

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Birmingham Children's March [May 2 - May 3 1963]

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Birmingham Children's March [May 2 - May 3 1963]

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The Children's Crusade, or Children's March, was a march by over 1,000 school students in Birmingham, Alabama on May 2–3, 1963. Initiated and organized by Rev. James Bevel, the purpose of the march was to walk downtown to talk to the mayor about segregation in their city.

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Medgar Evers Assassinated [June 12, 1963]

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Medgar Evers Assassinated [June 12, 1963]

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During his career as a civil rights activist and NAACP leader, Evers became the target of those who wanted to uphold the South's racist status quo. On June 12,1963, those threats became reality when he was murdered by a white supremacist in the driveway of his home.

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"Letter to Birmingham Jail" by MLK [June 12, 1963]

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"Letter to Birmingham Jail" by MLK [June 12, 1963]

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The letter, written in response to "A Call for Unity" during the 1963 Birmingham campaign, was widely published, and became an important text for the civil rights movement in the United States. The letter has been described as "one of the most important historical documents penned by a modern political prisoner", and is considered a classic document of civil disobedience.

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March on Washington (I Have a Dream Speech) [August 28, 1963]

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March on Washington (I Have a Dream Speech) [August 28, 1963]

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Perhaps one of the most famous speeches in American history, Martin Luther King, Jr.'s speech at the March on Washington is known for its “I have a dream…” passage. However, that was just one section of a very powerful speech.

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Birmingham 16th Street Church Bombing [September 15, 1963] 

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Birmingham 16th Street Church Bombing [September 15, 1963] 

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The Birmingham church bombing occurred on September 15, 1963, when a bomb exploded before Sunday morning services at the 16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham, Alabama, church with a predominantly Black congregation that also served as a meeting place for civil rights leaders. Four young girls were killed and many other people injured.

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John F. Kennedy Assassinated [November 22, 1963]

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John F. Kennedy Assassinated [November 22, 1963]

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On November 22, 1963, President John F. Kennedy was assassinated by Lee Harvey Oswald in Dallas, Texas. This Dow Jones News Service ticker tape tells the story of that day as it happened. The fifteen sheets span the entire day of the assassination. The tape starts out mundanely enough, noting Kennedy’s morning speech in Fort Worth and his plans to appear in Dallas later in the day.

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Freedom Summer, also known as the Freedom Summer Project or the Mississippi Summer Project, was a volunteer campaign in the United States launched in June 1964 to attempt to register as many African-American voters as possible in Mississippi. Blacks had been restricted from voting since the turn of the century due to barriers to voter registration and other laws. The project also set up dozens of Freedom Schools, Freedom Houses, and community centers in small towns throughout Mississippi to aid the local Black population.

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The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin. Provisions of this civil rights act forbade discrimination on the basis of sex, as well as, race in hiring, promoting, and firing.

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Malcolm X Assassinated [February 21, 1965]  

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Malcolm X Assassinated [February 21, 1965]  

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In New York City, Malcolm X, an African American nationalist and religious leader, is assassinated while addressing his Organization of Afro American Unity at the Audubon Ballroom in Washington Heights. He was 39.

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Bloody Sunday of Selma to Montgomery [March 7, 1965] 

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Bloody Sunday of Selma to Montgomery [March 7, 1965] 

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State troopers and county posse-men attacked the unarmed marchers with billy clubs and tear gas after they passed over the county line, and the event became known as Bloody Sunday.

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Voting Rights Act of 1965 [August 6, 1965] 

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Voting Rights Act of 1965 [August 6, 1965] 

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This act was signed into law on August 6, 1965, by President Lyndon Johnson. It outlawed the discriminatory voting practices adopted in many southern states after the Civil War, including literacy tests as a prerequisite to voting.

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Loving v. Virginia, 388 U.S. 1, was a landmark civil rights decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court ruled that laws banning interracial marriage violate the Equal Protection and Due Process Clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S.

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Martin Luther King was shot dead while standing on a balcony outside his second-floor room at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee. News of King’s assassination prompted major outbreaks of racial violence, resulting in more than 40 deaths nationwide and extensive property damage in over 100 American cities.