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Following Japan's defeat in World War II, Korea is divided into two occupation zones along the 38th parallel. The Soviet Union takes control of the north, while the United States assumes control in the south. This division sets the stage for the conflict between the communist North and the capitalist South.

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June 25, 1950: North Korea Invades South Korea

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June 25, 1950: North Korea Invades South Korea

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Marking the official start of the Korean War, North Korean forces cross the 38th parallel, invading South Korea. This act of aggression is met with international condemnation and leads to a United Nations-backed coalition led by the United States to support South Korea.

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The first significant engagement between American and North Korean forces occurred in Osan. This battle marked the beginning of the United States' military involvement in the war. Despite being better equipped, American forces were forced to retreat, showcasing the might of the North Korean military.

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July 1950 - November 1950: UN Forces Push North

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July 1950 - November 1950: UN Forces Push North

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United Nations forces, primarily from the United States, South Korea, and other allied nations, successfully counterattack, driving the North Korean forces back past the 38th parallel and advancing towards the Yalu River at the border with China.

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A strategic masterstroke by General Douglas MacArthur, the Inchon Landing involved an amphibious assault on the west coast of Korea. This crucial maneuver allowed UN forces to recapture Seoul and cut North Korean supply lines, turning the tide of the war.

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October to November 1950: Chinese Intervention

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October to November 1950: Chinese Intervention

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As UN forces advanced past the 38th parallel towards the Yalu River, China entered the war in support of North Korea. Massive waves of Chinese volunteers pushed UN forces south, leading to a significant shift in the war's dynamics.

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November 1950 - July 1951: Chinese Intervention

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November 1950 - July 1951: Chinese Intervention

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In response to the UN forces' approach to the Yalu River, China enters the war on the side of North Korea, significantly altering the course of the conflict. Heavy fighting ensues, with the front line moving back and forth across the 38th parallel.

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Following a successful counteroffensive, UN forces under General Matthew Ridgway recaptured Seoul from the Chinese and North Korean forces. The city had changed hands multiple times throughout the war.

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An armistice is signed at Panmunjom, effectively ending the hostilities of the Korean War. The agreement establishes the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) along the 38th parallel, solidifying the division between North and South Korea. However, a formal peace treaty is never signed, leaving the two Koreas technically at war.

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Following the war, both Koreas embark on paths of military buildup and political tension. The DMZ becomes one of the most heavily militarized borders in the world. The war deepens the global Cold War divide, influencing international relations for decades to come.

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The Korean War had significant implications on global politics, marking the first military conflict of the Cold War. It set the stage for future conflicts in Vietnam and elsewhere, showcasing the ideological battle between communism and capitalism.

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Post-War: Economic Transformation of South Korea

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Post-War: Economic Transformation of South Korea

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The decades following the war witness a remarkable economic transformation in South Korea, known as the 'Miracle on the Han River.' South Korea emerges as a major global economy, starkly contrasting with North Korea's continued economic struggles and isolation.

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Relations between North and South Korea have fluctuated over the years, marked by periods of tension and thawing. Notable events include family reunions, summit meetings, and joint Olympic teams, showing glimpses of potential reconciliation despite the absence of a formal peace treaty.