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Hitler ordered the invasion of Poland on September 1, 1939.

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In 1940, Japan had joined the

Axis alliance.

On December 7, 1941,

Japanese warplanes bombed the huge American naval base at Pearl Harbor Pearl Harbor in

Hawaii. The attack came as a complete surprise. About 2,400 Americans—both

servicemen and civilians—died. Many U.S. warplanes and ships were destroyed

or damaged, leaving the U.S. fleet devastated.

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Aggressive Nationalism, warmongering and territorial expansionism in Germany, Italy and Japan

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Aggressive Nationalism, warmongering and territorial expansionism in Germany, Italy and Japan

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These three nations had strayed from the ideals of democracy and developed racist, socially discriminatory ideologies and a military culture. The solutions they offered to overcome their economic and social malaise were the conquest of new territorial spaces—"Lebensraum" or living space—and the enslavement of foreign peoples (Eastern Europeans, Africans, and Chinese).

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The Great Depression, also known as the crisis of 1929. This event began in the United States and spread to almost the entire world.

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The participation of the United States changed the course of World War II. !!!

US mixed the British and the Communists to form a great alliance to achieve the unconditional surrender of Germany, Italy, and Japan.

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The war takes on a global dimension in December 1941 because of the entrance of the USSR, Japan, and the United States.

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The war takes on a global dimension in December 1941 because of the entrance of the USSR, Japan, and the United States.

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It is in this phase that the war confrontation develops on three fronts:

1. In Russia, due to the German invasion of that country.

2. In the Pacific Ocean, where Japan and the United States clash.

3. In North Africa, Italy, France, and Belgium, with the confrontation between Italians and Germans against the British and Americans.

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On November 11, 1942, the United States landed in Morocco, in North Africa, to attack the Nazi-Fascist forces on two fronts.

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Great Britain

United States

France

USSR

Latin America (except Argentina)

China

Belgium

Holand

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Germany

Italy

Japan

Hungary

Slovakia

Finland

Croatia

Romania

Bulgaria

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End of totalitarianism in Germany, Italy and Japan.

Emergence of new world powers: the US and the USSR.

Division of Europe into zones of influence and bipolarization of the world.

Creation of post-war institutions (UN, IMF, WB, etc.).

The decolonization process.

Emergence of new nation-states and territorial changes (reduction or expansion of borders).

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Hitler ordered the Nazi Eastern Army to take Stalingrad at all costs.
The Soviets launched a counterattack, surrounded the Germans, and cut off their supplies.
From then on, the Red Army began its advance toward Berlin, paving the way—through great sacrifices—for the Western powers.

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The United States contributed to World War II with military forces, intelligence, logistics, medical supplies, and aid to its allies. It also promoted propaganda campaigns to increase productivity and weapons development.

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Destruction of infrastructure, production plants, and the countryside.

Decline of the European economy.

Strengthening American capitalism.

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60 million dead

Holocaust

Migrations of the European population.

Changes in mentality and worldview.

Great technological and scientific development.

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The King of Italy expelled Mussolini from office, had him arrested, and ordered the formation of a new government.
Later, he was freed by the Germans, who mounted a fierce defense in the mountainous region of Rome.
(Shortly after, it was taken by the Allies.)

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Antecedentes. (2018, 11 septiembre). Portal Académico del CCH. https://e1.portalacademico.cch.unam.mx/alumno/historiauniversal2/unidad2/segundaGuerraMundial/antecedentes

Primera fase. (2017, 17 noviembre). Portal Académico del CCH. https://e1.portalacademico.cch.unam.mx/alumno/historiauniversal2/unidad2/segundaGuerraMundial/primeraFase

Segunda fase. (2017, 17 noviembre). Portal Académico del CCH. https://e1.portalacademico.cch.unam.mx/alumno/historiauniversal2/unidad2/segundaGuerraMundial/segundaFase

Tercera fase. (2017, 17 noviembre). Portal Académico del CCH. https://e1.portalacademico.cch.unam.mx/alumno/historiauniversal2/unidad2/segundaGuerraMundial/terceraFase

Consecuencias. (2017, 17 noviembre). Portal Académico del CCH. https://e1.portalacademico.cch.unam.mx/alumno/historiauniversal2/unidad2/segundaGuerraMundial/consecuencias

Foreign Relations of the United States: Diplomatic Papers, 1945, General: The United Nations, Volume I - Office of the Historian. (2024). State.gov. https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1945v01/ch1

‌

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(6/6/1944)

The decisive day – The Allied forces, under the command of General Dwight Eisenhower, landed on the beaches of Normandy, in what is known as the largest naval invasion in history.

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Convinced of the passivity of Western democracies—with their policy of appeasement—Hitler ordered the invasion of Poland on September 1, 1939. However, two days later, Great Britain and France declared war on Nazi Germany.

From then on, Germany launched its powerful war machine, initiating the Blitzkrieg, or lightning war, a military tactic that involves an initial aerial bombardment, followed by the use of mobile forces attacking with speed and surprise to prevent an enemy from mounting a coherent defense.

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Held in February 1945, brought together US President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin to discuss the postwar reorganization of Germany and Europe and the final defeat of Nazi Germany

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Tokyo rejected the ultimatum; in response, President Truman decided to resort to the atomic bomb, developed by the United States and tested on July 16, 1945.

On August 6, the first one was dropped on Hiroshima, which was completely devastated.

On August 9, another atomic bomb was dropped on Nagasaki, and the next day, Tokyo announced its intention to surrender, which was officially signed on September 2, 1945.

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Held from July 17 to August 2, 1945, saw the leaders of the United States, the Soviet Union, and the United Kingdom meet to decide the fate of post-war Europe, including dividing Germany and discussing the formation of the United Nations.

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The atomic bomb completely destroyed about 13 square kilometers of the city of Hiroshima.

The explosion killed between 70,000 and 100,000 people, and several thousand more died due to injuries and radiation. The bomb dropped on Nagasaki had similar effects.

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Held in November-December 1943, was the first meeting of the "Big Three" (Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin) to strategize the war against the Axis powers and discuss the post-war world order.

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Act. A04 WWII and its effects in the USA

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Act. A04 WWII and its effects in the USA

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12/03/2025

Kaythleen Lizzeth Quintanilla Segura

Alejandra Quintana Hernández

Daniel Alejandro Cañedo Mesa

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The Conference of the United Nations in San Francisco 

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The Conference of the United Nations in San Francisco 

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on April 25, 1945, for the sole purpose of drafting the charter of a world security organization, and concluded on June 26, 1945, after fifty-one days of debate, negotiation, and drafting.

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Officially known as the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference, was a gathering of delegates from 44 nations that met from July 1 to 22, 1944 in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, to agree upon a series of new rules for the post-WWII international monetary system.

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Initial aerial bombardment, followed by the use of mobile forces attacking with speed and surprise to prevent the enemy from mounting a coherent defense. (1940)

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The Germans changed their objective and occupied Greece and Yugoslavia to assist Mussolini's troops fighting in the region. Meanwhile, Italian troops entered Greece on October 28, 1940, in a disastrous campaign that forced Hitler to intervene in support of the Italians and extend the war to Yugoslavia.

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After failing to occupy England, Germany shifted its strategy and turned its attention to Southeastern Europe. On October 28, 1940, Italy invaded Greece, but the campaign ended in disaster. Facing his ally's struggles, Hitler decided to intervene, occupying Greece and Yugoslavia to secure control of the region. This expansion not only helped Mussolini but also extended the conflict in the Balkans, further prolonging World War II.

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Mussolini was undeterred by defeats and began preparing a campaign against the British colony of Egypt to gain control of the Suez Canal. The Italian army advanced from its territories in Libya and attacked British and Commonwealth forces in Egypt but was defeated. Once again, Germany came to Italy’s aid, sending an expeditionary force—General Erwin Rommel’s Afrika Korps—which engaged in significant battles in the North African desert.