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The Fugitive Slave Law was a federal law authorizing the capture of escaped enslaved people, returning them to their owners, and punishing anyone who had helped them escape. This act was made for the problem of and uprising of slaves trying to escape. This was a highly controversial act.

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The Underground Railroad was a serious of routes that helped African American slaves escape slavery. They would use these connections to travel, leaving those who had them enslaved. This allowed slave to try and escape, instead of having no hope for ever escaping.

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The Mexican War was a war involving early America and the people of Mexico. It stemmed from a dispute of the annexation of Texas, and a border dispute. We ended up gaining vast territories from Mexico, including California, Nevada, Utah, and more.

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The Kansas-Nebraska act repealed the Missouri compromise, organized their territories, and introduced popular sovereignty. Popular sovereignty let residents decide on slavery. This would lead to even more tensions, and lead to "Bleeding Kansas".

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"Bleeding Kansas" is a metaphor for the chaos that happened in Kansas from 1854-1861. The violence that occured was due to the Kansas-Nebraska act, allowing residents to decide on slavery. This divided pro-slavery people and those who were against slavery.

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The Dred Scott Case was a decision by the Supreme court saying that all African Americans, enslaved or not, could never be citizens. They also stated that Congress lacked the power to prohibit slavery. This practically invalidated the Missouri Compromise.

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The Election of 1860 would play a big role in the next 4 years. The candidates were Abraham Lincoln, Stephen A. Douglas, and John C. Breckinridge. Lincoln would win this and lead us into and through the civil war.

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John Brown's Raid was an event caused by tension between the North and South states. Originally being 18 people invading Harpers Ferry, it grew once they arrived and recruited nearby slaves. This ended with everyone being killed after trying to hide in an engine house, becoming a well known event and further dividing the North and South.