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You've read Pham's IMRD-style text about bike culture at UC Davis.

You've also learned about different genres of source use (quoting, paraphrasing, summarizing) as well as about Bizup's idea that writers use sources for particular reasons in the BEAM video. Bizup identifies four different reasons writers use sources via BEAM (background, exhibit, argument, and method sources).

Now--find one instance in Pham's text where she uses a source.

Create your own post where you:

1) identify that passage by copying and pasting over the passage into a Padlet post, reporting where Pham references the source (page #),

2) identify which genre of source reference Pham is using there,

3) identify which parts of BEAM source use it exemplifies.

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" In his article "Why We Need Things" Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi writes that power is " still symbolized by kinetic objects," such as bicycles (22). But the UC Davis bike community has changed this symbolism for the beach cruiser. It is now an object of disempowerment (3)." Pham uses quoting as her reference of source as she quotes Mihaly and what he states in his article. Pham uses exhibit as her BEAM source as she interprets what Mihaly said about the symbolized by kinetic objects and uses it in her favor to interpret that now the beach cruiser symbolizes disempowerment.

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1) ""ATTENTION INCOMING FIRST YEARS," writes an upperclassman in caps lock, "...DO NOT, UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES, GET A BEACH CRUISER STYLE BIKE... trust me, PEOPLE WILL JUDGE YOU' (UC Davis Freshman Class of 2016 (official)). This quote is from one of many anti-cruiser posts on Facebook, a heavily frequented social networking site and source of popular student opinion." Page 2
2) The genre of the source Pham is using is quoting.
3)The part of the BEAM source it exemplifies is Argument.

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"The cruiser is tied to the female identity an identity that is still targeted by gendered college culture. In her presentation,
"Educational Pipelines for Women,"
Nancy G. Leveson quotes a female PhD student in computer science who speaks about discrimination in the male-dominated field. (63)"
2) Pham uses quoting as her reference source since she's quoting what Nany G. Leveson has to say which supports Pham's claim of the cruiser being tied to female identity.
3) Pham uses exhibit as her BEAM source as she explains more in-depth after the quote what the author is saying and how it's related to her point in this paragraph of female identity being tied with the cruisers.

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1. The passage, "Power objects are supposed to represent "traditional virile virtues such as strength and endurance," but the cruiser is associated with marginalized groups, which are excluded from depictions of traditional power (Csikszentmihalyi 22) located on page 62 of Pham's article, she references an outside source.
2. The genre of source referencing Pham is using is quoting since she is directly using words from an external source.
3. In this case, the source Pham uses exemplifies an argument source. It is an argument source as she utilizes the quote as a way to help support her theory and argument of how objects can be symbols of either masculinity or femininity.

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1) Anonymous student response to 2016 Freshman social media post: "It's not what you ride, it's how you ride and park that earns you the death glare. Stick to the right if you're going slow; pay attention in the bike circles; don't tangle up other bikes' handlebars with your own when you park, and you'll be fine" (62).
2) Pham uses quoting as her source reference.
3) This BEAM source is presented as an argument from Pham when extending a view on the existing issue of student hierarchy.

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1.  Power objects are supposed to represent "traditional virile virtues such as strength and endurance," but the cruiser is associated with marginalized groups, which are excluded from depictions of traditional power (Csikszentmihalyi 22).
2. The genre of source reference Pham is using is reference.
3. The part of BEAM the author is using is exhibit.

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1) "It's one of the 'freshman!' things to do," writes a Facebook group member, "...that's because at least half of each freshman class gets (a cruiser)" (UC Davis Freshman Class of 2016 (official)). (64)
2) The genre of Pham's source can be described as quoting. Pham takes direct information from the social media page as a reference for her essay.
3) The BEAM strategy that is used is exhibit.  Pham interprets the primary source, in this case a comment made by a student. She interprets and analyze the comment for her own purposes of her essay.

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"Participants in the UC Davis Freshmen Class of 2016 (official) Facebook group cite cruisers  for 'blocking the road' and being 'frustrating to park next to.'"
The genre of source referencing Pham is using is quoting. She quotes words from the UC Davis Class of 2016 Facebook group, explaining the reason for the dislike of bike cruisers. The parts of BEAM Pham utilizes for her sources are Exhibit and Argument.

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1. Sociologist Patricia Hill Collins’s theories may explain the support for the student: “When individuals develop... a sense of belonging to a community, they can be more easily moved to act to defend that community’s putative interests” (448).
2. The genre of source reference Pham is using is quoting.
3. The BEAM strategy that Pham exemplifies, is exhibit as she clarifies what the author is explaining in the quote she then includes.

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1) However, studies show that the level of social acceptance felt by freshmen is crucially linked to their academic motivation (Freeman, Anderman, and Jensen 218) (pp. 64)
2) She is using summary as a genre of source reference
3) She is using the argument part of BEAM because she cited this source as a way to support her argument.

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1. In a response to an inquiry on the Class of 2016 page about cruisers, one student wrote, "It's not what you ride, it'show you ride and park that earns you the death glare.  Stick to the right if you're going slow;  pay attention in the bike circles;  don't tangle up other bikes' handlebars with your own when you park, and you'll be fine
This is the Method part of the BEAN strategy and it is a primary source, researching by the author herself.

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1. "ATTENTION INCOMING FIRST YEARS," writes an upperclassman in caps lock, "...DO NOT, UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCES, GET A BEACH CRUISER STYLE BIKE... trust me, PEOPLE WILL JUDGE YOU' (UC Davis Freshman Class of 2016 (official)).
2. She uses a quote.
3. Pham uses this quote to introduce her argument.

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1) "The New York Times article, "To Be Cute as a Bug Isn't Enough Anymore," cites Volkswagen's statistic that "women accounted for nearly 70% of buyers (of the Beetle)" (Patton). To attract more male buyers, Volkswagen redesigned the typical Beetle for "more power, less flower"..."
2) The genre of the source reference Pham that is being used are quotes.
3) I believe that this source can be seen as a method source. It is a trail of thoughts that lead to the main and important point because women are seen as something small, gentle, innocent, less intelligent than a man, etc. just like the car is. That is why when the Beetle is made more rugged, it gives off a masculine energy. Alluding the idea that women choose items based on their appearance which leads us back to the cruiser and then to the main point which is that women are not even considered as higher achieving scholars.

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1. Pham presents a comment that responds to the Facebook group UC Davis Freshman Class of 2016. "It's not what you ride, it's how you ride and park that earns you the death glare..." (Pham 62).
2. This example of source referencing is quoting.
3. This is an argument source as it presents someone's take on the matter. It could also be seen as a secondary source.

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1. Post on UC Davis Freshman Class of 2016 Facebook Group - "It's not what you ride, it's how you ride and park that earns you the death glare. Stick to the right if you're going slow; pay attention in the bike circles; don't tangle up other bikes' handlebars with your own when you park, and you'll be fine" (Pham 62).
2. For this source, Pham uses quoting as her genre of source reference.
3. This source exemplifies the argument source since it is presenting someone's point of view on a topic that can be argued against.

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1) "The unpopularity of the cruiser might be explained by its structure and functionality. Participants in the UC Davis Freshman Class of 2016 (official) Facebook group cite cruisers for “blocking the road” and being “frustrating to park next to.”"
2) In this portion of the article, Pham is paraphrasing. She is using portions of the original posts, but synthesizes them, highlighting their central ideas in her own words.
3)  BEAM- background/evidence source.
This is a background source because it is found at the start of a body paragraph with a separate idea. She is introducing the idea that the bias against cruisers could be from it's build, and this text reveals why that could be, hence providing evidence.

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1. The common complaints about cruisers can be applied to all types of bikes. Students complain that cruiser riders get in the way of others on the road and at bike racks. The same can be said for any rider who is careless about how they bike around others.( 62)
2. the genre PHAM is factual and survey source referencing.
3. Pham uses beam to exemplify her argument about bike riding

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1. "It's not what you ride, it's how you ride and park that earns you the death glare. Stick to the right if you're going slow; pay attention in the bike circles; don't tangle up other bikes' handlebars with your own when you park, and you'll be fine" (UC Davis Freshman Class of 2016 (official)). (62)
2. The genre of source reference Pham is using is quoting.
3. The part of BEAM that this exemplifies is exhibit as Pham later interprets it as not all accidents are rooted to the same problem, but a product of bad behavior.

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What counts as "source use?"

1. Zsikszentmihalyi quote on p. 62 of Pham's article-- exhibit, argument.

2. Opening quote from Facebook group - argument,

3. Patricia Hill Collins quote - exhibit, method

4. Leveson quote - exhibit

5. It's not what you ride, it's how quote - method, argument (several), exhibit

6. blocking the road passage - background