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CAUSE: MEXICAN AMERICAN WAR

EFFECT: Slave owners declared a low called the fugitive slave act ordering everyone to return runaway slaves, but The Northern Abolitionists didn't follow the FSA, which angered southern slave owners.

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CAUSE: The Compromise of 1850

EFFECT: The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 was part of the Compromise of 1850. The act required that slaves be returned to their owners, even if they were in a free state. The act also made the federal government responsible for finding, returning, and trying escaped slaves.

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CAUSE: Harriet's 18-month-old son, Samuel Charles, died of cholera

EFFECT: It encouraged others to speak out, further eroding the already rough relations between northern and southern states and advancing the nation's march toward Civil War.

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"Forcing slavery down the throat of a free soiler" poster 1820-1870 

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"Forcing slavery down the throat of a free soiler" poster 1820-1870 

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CAUSE: Abolitionists felt they were being forced into slavery.

EFFECT: In the poster President Pierce is shown holding the man’s beard, and Stephen Douglas is shoving the African American down the Free-Soilers throat. James Buchanan is standing on the Democratic Platform holding the hair of the Free-Soiler.

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CAUSE: Dred Scott was not considered a U.S. citizen.

EFFECT: The Supreme Court ruled that Scott was not a U.S. citizen, so he could not sue for his freedom. This ruling meant that both free and enslaved African Americans were not U.S. citizens. The Court also ruled that Congress could not ban slavery in the territories because it would violate slaveholders’ property rights. The decision meant that slavery was not just limited to only slave states.