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Numerous Indigenous children were taken against their will from their families and communities in the 1900s. Approximately one in three Indigenous children were abducted between 1910 and the 1970s, a fact that had an impact on the majority of Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities.

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During the Australasian Federation Conference that took place in Melbourne, in February 6–14, 1890, politicians from New Zealand and the six Australian colonies declared that 'an early union under the crown' was desirable and pledged to convince their governments to send delegates to a convention.

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In March, 1891, 46 delegtes from all the Australian colonies and New Zealand, met in the Legislative Assembly Chamber of the Parliament of New South Wales and in the course of the meeting, the first draft constitution for Australia was drawn up.

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Sir Henry Parkes failed to promote the draft Constitution Bill when it came before the New South Wales Parliament and lost office in 1892. Edmund Barton now emerged as the leader of the federation movement and promoted the development of federal leagues through the Australasian Federation League.

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30 January – The Federal Bank collapses, starting the Australian banking crisis of 1893. 4 February – 1893 Brisbane flood devastates Queensland. 14 June – Gold discovered at Kalgoorlie, Western Australia by Paddy Hannan and two others.

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This movement was based on the belief that democracy, in its truest form, could not be achieved until women had the same electoral rights as men. In 1894, the South Australian Parliament agreed and the remaining colonies gradually came to the same view.

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In 1895 women in South Australia were among the first in the world to attain the vote and were the first to be able to stand for parliament.

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A second people's conference in Bathurst, New South Wales, renews calls for another Federation convention. 1896 – 99 - The second National Australasian Convention meets in Adelaide, Sydney and Melbourne, and agrees to the constitution.

Beginning of the Federation to become a official to 1896-1899

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This convention, consisting of delegates appointed by the Parliament of each of the six Australian colonies and New Zealand, succeeded in adopting a draft constitution in the form of a Draft of a Bill to Constitute the Commonwealth of Australia.

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In 1898 referendums on the Commonwealth Constitution Bill were held in New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, and Victoria. A majority of 'yes' votes was recorded in each colony but in New South Wales the enabling legislation required a quota of 80 000 luckily the vote past.

In 1898 a vote was held to allow the Commonwealth Constitution bill and the bill was voted “Yes”.

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In 1899, the Premiers met again in Sydney, and several amendments were made to satisfy concerns in New South Wales and Queensland. Another referendum was held in Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania and South Australia and the proposition was passed with increased majorities. Federation was on its way.

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Living conditions varied greatly in the early 1900s depending on one's nation, city, or socioeconomic standing. These, however, represent some broad trends for the Australia during the early twentieth century. In rural areas, there weren't many paved roads, and most people didn't have access to power or phones. Lack of electricity meant no fridge and little light after dark.

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Sport arrived in Australia with the First Fleet in 1788. None of the officers and convicts were familiar and comfortable with the sporting traditions of that era – horseracing, cricket, boxing, pedestrianism and sports involving animals, such as chickenfighting.

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This is well reflected in the abundance of hairstyles popular in the 1890's. Like the picture at the top of this post indicates, everything from a poofy pompadour, to a tight part down the middle, to curly bangs and fuzzy volume – women were eager to make a statement with their hair