# data[].attributes.body
adopted 24 october 1979, effective 3 december 1979. Reason was because of the constitutional revolution.

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theocratic authoritarian.

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Shia, Sunni, Persian, Religion Cleavages. Reformers vs Conservatives, Pragmatic Conservatives vs radical clerics.

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Ayatollah Ali Khamenei

The Supreme Leader is the head of state and has ultimate authority over all state matters. The President is the head of government, elected by popular vote, but with limited powers compared to the Supreme Leader

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Islamic Consultative Assembly or Majles-e Shura-ye Eslami or Majles

Is a unicameral structure, The Majles has the power to introduce and pass laws, and is passed by the Guardian Council

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Lead by supreme court, and controlled by the Supreme leader. (Control over which laws are upheld and which are not. )

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GDP: $1.44 trillion

Per Capita: $1.44 trillion

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Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988) Iraq invaded Iran, ending in a stalemate.

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Iran-Israel Conflict.

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adopted on February 5, 1917, due to the Mexican Revolution.

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federal presidential republic, more of a democracy.

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Significant income inequality between rich and poor

North-South divide in development and political leanings

Ethnic cleavage: Indigenous rights and representation

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Andrés Manuel López Obrador - President

On a 6 year term, and he can appoint cabinet members and propose legislation.

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Congress of the Union, bicameral:

has oversight of the executive branch, and can obviously make and approve legislation.

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$2.873 trillion

$22,400

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Lead by supreme court

interpret constitution, and settles problems between states.

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Mexican Revolution, a civil war that resulted in social and political improvements to the country and government.

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Drug trafficking and organized crime.

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No Set in Stone constitution, has the magna carta and other documents like the acts of parliament.

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constitutional monarchy, more of a democracy.

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Tensions between England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland/Brexit( Divisions over the UK's relationship with the European Union)

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Lead by the Monarch (King Charles 3) and the PM (Rishi Sunak)

THe PM has more power, and makes more decisions, such as working with the cabinet and executing the laws.

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Parliament is Bi-Cameral. House of Commons and House of Lords. Makes the laws.

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Led by Supreme court, interprets the laws.

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$3.7 trillion

$54,100

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World War II, UK, part of the Allied powers, fought against Nazi Germany and the Axis power . The UK was victorious but economically damaged

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Brexit is when UK will remove itself from the EU, this may be bad for UK's economy.

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adopted on December 12, 1993, voted by the electorate

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federal presidential republic, more of an authoritarian.

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Ideological: Pro-Western liberals vs. traditionalists/nationalists

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President: Vladimir PutinPrime Minister: Mikhail Mishustin

The President has significant powers, including appointing the Prime Minister and cabinet members.

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bicameral Federal Assembly

State Duma (lower house)

Federation Council (upper house)

The legislature has the power to pass laws. but is not that independent from the executive.

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Not that independent from the executive.

# data[].attributes.body
$5.816 trillion

$39,800

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ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine, which began on February 24, 2022. resulted in significant casualties, international sanctions against Russia, and global geopolitical tensions.

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The Ukraine war has left Russia starting to lose ties with it's allies, and is now turning to countries like China for support.

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adopted in 1999.

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federal presidential republic, more of a democracy

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Divisions between Muslims (predominantly in the north) and Christians (predominantly in the south)

Regional: North-South divide in economy and political beliefs and ideology.

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President: Bola Tinubu

The President is both head of state and head of government, elected by popular vote for a four-year term.

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bicameral National Assembly

Senate and House of Representatives

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highest court is the Supreme Court of Nigeria: interprets the constitution

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$1.275 trillion

$5,700

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Nigerian Civil Warf rom 1967 to 1970.

fought between the Nigerian government and the secessionist state of Biafra. The war ended with Biafra's surrender rejoining to Nigeria.

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Bandi and kidnapping in the northwest and north central regions

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adopted on December 4, 1982

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socialist republic with a one party system, mostly authoritarian.

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Regional conflicts between coastal and land areas

Ethnic tensions, particularly in regions like Xinjiang and Tibet, and religious genocide with the Muslims.

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President: Xi Jinping

Premier: Li Qiang

The President, who is also the head of the Communist Party, holds the most powerful position in China's political system.

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National People's Congress (NPC), unicameral.

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Subject to the executive branch and the communist party, not independent.

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$31.227 trillion

$22,100

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Sino-Vietnamese War in 1979, the CCP won.

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Uyghir Muslim Crisis.