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Americans felt that entering WWI was a mistake -- became isolationists -- avoided foreign war at all costs

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These were dates prior to when the war started.
Ethiopia -- Italians invaded Ethiopia -- nobody helped
Rhineland -- Hitler marched German troops into Rhineland
China -- Japan vs. China -- Japan invaded -- Japan bombed US ship
Sudetenland -- Hitler took a piece of Czechoslovakia

Democratic governments didn't do anything to prevent these events from happening -- lack of attention to these issues from the democratic governments catalyzed the motivations of the fascist countries

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In 1937, Roosevelt made a speech following the invasion of China by Japan in hopes to "quarantine" the fascist aggressors with other democratic nations. Roosevelt recognized what was happening outside of America and wanted to act, but isolationists ultimately held their ground. Because of this, Roosevelt was unable to take action.

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Roosevelt increased the military and naval budgets by 2/3 -- Roosevelt recognized that there was a possibility that America would have to use its military in the near future because of the issues happening abroad, even though isolationists remained opposed to the idea of foreign war.

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Hitler broke the Munich agreement when he sent German troops to invade Czechoslovakia. The Munich agreement was established to allow Hitler to occupy Sudetenland (small piece of Czechoslovakia) but had to stop occupying more territory after that. Hitler had signed this agreement, making the democratic government believe that he would abide by the terms. However, Hitler's motivations were much greater than what he received in the Munich agreement, so he went to occupy the rest of Czechoslovakia.

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Hitler signed a nonaggression act with the Soviet Union which agreed to divide Poland. This surprised a lot of people because they assumed that Stalin would oppose Hitler because they had different ideologies (communism vs. fascism).

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Germany utilized tanks and planes to order a full-scale attack on Poland in hopes to occupy it. In response to this, France and Britain declared war on Germany. This marked the start of WWII.

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Germany started to attack Scandinavian countries like Denmark and Norway, both of which surrendered in just a few days.  France, who was Germany's "chief enemy", surrendered in a week. By June, the only non-occupied ally that remained was Britain.

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Most Americans recognized that they had to build up their military.  Roosevelt was afraid of what was happening because America was intertwined (almost) with Britain; and if Britain had been conquered, it would put America's security at risk.

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The Selective Training and Service Act -- allowed men between the ages of 21 and 35 to sign up for military training. Isolationists opposed this act but couldn't win this time because the majority believed in shifting away from the neutral America.

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Destroyers-for-Bases Deal - September 1940

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Destroyers-for-Bases Deal - September 1940

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The Germans were heavily bombing the British submarines. Roosevelt wanted to help by selling US submarines but knew that it would cause outrage amongst the isolationists. He decided to construct a deal with the British which would allow the US to build military bases on the British islands in the Caribbean while the Americans would provide the British with fifty older destroyers.

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Roosevelt defeated Wendell Willkie and was the first president to be elected to their third term in office. He promised the people that their "boys" wouldn't be sent into any foreign wars. His competition, Wendell Willkie, had similar views on preparation for a possible war and aiding Britain as Roosevelt. Roosevelt ended up winning (54% of popular vote) because the American people preferred an experienced leader in office during these times.

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Roosevelt had a "fireside chat" with the American people to explain his thinking on how America should operate on these times. It seems like he was in favor of going to war after saying, "We must be the great arsenal of democracy."

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He was in favor of defending the "four freedoms": freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom from want, and freedom from fear.
During this speech, he also proposed lending money to the British; and in return they'd buy US war materials.

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Allowed the president to provide weapons and supplies to any country that needed help with defense -- designed mainly for Britain because they were under attack by the Nazis during this time -- departure from neutrality.

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Roosevelt arranged for a secret meeting with British Prime Minister Winston Churchill to create the document called the Atlantic Charter that confirmed "self-determination for all people, no territorial expansion, and free trade."

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Roosevelt extended US support to Britain -- further protecting ships from submarine attacks.

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"American destroyed Greer was attacked by a German submarine it had been hunting." Roosevelt responded by ordering the navy to attack all of the German ships on sight -- naval war vs. Germany

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US Economic Action/Japan's occupation of French Indochina

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US Economic Action/Japan's occupation of French Indochina

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Japan joined Axis powers in September 1940 -- Roosevelt didn't allow any steel or iron to be exported to any country except Britain.
Japan conquered French Indochina -- Roosevelt froze Japanese credits and cut off shipments of materials (like oil) to Japan -- reminds me of Russia vs. Ukraine War currently and how countries around the world put sanctions on Russia for their actions and in attempts to reduce impact it has on Ukraine.

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Japan violated Open Door policy because it invaded China -- US demanded that they pull out immediately -- Japan refused -- Japan tried to negotiate a change in the US policy regarding oil -- neither side was able to come to an agreement

US tried to play the slow game with Japan and avoided armed confrontation for as long as possible. Japan wanted to engage in armed confrontation as soon as possible because they had a limited oil supply.