# data[].attributes.body
URL:
https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=0Gz0-2zTYYQC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Philippines+on+clean+and+drinkable+water&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiQ5IbP3JL9AhVBsVYBHZomAFoQ6wF6BAgFEAE#v=onepage&q&f=false
Title: Heterotrophic Plate Counts and Drinking-water Safety

Author: John Bartram

Date Published: 2003

Key Content: This text prepared by an international group of experts addresses the 'heterotrophic plate count' test which is widely used in drinking-water assessment. This book provides a critical assessment of the role of HPC measurement in drinking water quality management. This book provides valuable information on the utility and the limitations of HPC data in the management and operation of piped water systems as well as other means of providing drinking water to the public. It is of particular value to piped public water suppliers and bottled water suppliers, manufacturers and users of water treatment and transmission equipment and in-line treatment devices, water engineers, sanitary and clinical microbiologists, and national and local public health officials and regulators of drinking water quality.

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URL:
https://www.who.int/philippines/news/feature-stories/detail/water-shortage-in-the-philippines-threatens-sustainable-development-and-health
TITLE: Water shortage in the Philippines threatens sustainable development and health
AUTHOR: World Health Organization
DATE PUBLISHED: 22 March 2019
KEY CONTENT:
In the Philippines, around 1 in 10 people or 10% of the Philippines still do not have access to improved water sources. Inadequate and intermittent water supply in Metro Manila and in other parts of the country can have serious health consequences. People tend to rely on drinking water sources that may not be safe which may cause waterborne diseases such as diarrhea. As it is also found that in 2016, one of the top 10 leading causes of death in the Philippines was acute watery diarrhea, claiming over 139 000 lives. Therefore, the World Health Organization is working with DoH and other sector agencies to ensure safe water for all.

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Everyone, everywhere has the right to water. Unfortunately, billions of people around the world have no access to safely managed drinking water, defined as water that is accessible on premises, available when needed and free from contamination. In the Philippines, around 1 in 10 people still do not have access to improved water sources.

Water-related advocacy such as World Water Day, celebrated every 22 March, is crucial in bringing global attention to the importance of water. This year's World Water Day theme is 'Leaving no one behind'.

"Water is an extremely important resource that we cannot live without. But there are Filipinos who are still being left behind in terms of access to improved water sources, especially in rural communities," said Dr Gundo Weiler, WHO Representative in the Philippines.

In 2016, one of the top 10 leading causes of death in the Philippines was acute watery diarrhoea, claiming over 139 000 lives.

The situation could worsen as the country is beset by the El Niño phenomenon and climate change that contribute to increase in temperature, drying up our water sources. The recent water shortage in Metro Manila also highlights the uncertainty of water access even in the nation's capital.

Inadequate and intermittent water supply in Metro Manila and in other parts of the country can have serious health consequences. When water is scarce, people are often forced to rely on drinking water sources that may not be safe. They may also lack sufficient water for basic hygiene - to wash themselves and their clothes, and to prevent infection including from foodborne and waterborne diseases. Low or negative water pressure in pipes due to short supply can attract contaminants that will put water quality at risk when the supply is restored.

In addition, limited supply obliges people to store more water. If not handled properly, this will provide more opportunity for mosquitoes to breed and consequently increase the cases of mosquito-borne diseases, such as dengue fever.

"Individuals can contribute in their own ways to protect their health from the impact of scarce water resources by conserving and recycling water, making sure the water they drink is safe, and covering water containers to protect against contamination and vectors," said Engr Bonifacio Magtibay, environmental health technical officer in WHO Philippines.

While individual contributions are vital, governments still have the obligation to provide safe and reliable drinking water sources to people through long-term solutions. As it stands, too much reliance on surface water such as rivers and lakes as well as groundwater will not be sustainable in the future due to the climate reality and increasing water demand from the population.

"Strategies such as the application of improved rainwater collection systems and state-of the-art desalination technologies coupled with renewable energies can be used in the Philippines," explained Engr Magtibay. "By adopting innovative and long-term solutions, the Philippines can ensure water for all that will protect the peoples' health and help drive sustainable development forward."

The World Health Organization is working with the Philippines Department of Health and other sector agencies to ensure safe water for all through the development and implementation of water safety planning, strengthening systems and capacity for drinking-water quality surveillance and monitoring, and improvement of water, sanitation, and hygiene in health care facilities.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Water shortage in the Philippines threatens sustainable development and health

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Everyone, everywhere has the right to water. Unfortunately, billions of people around the world have no access to safely managed drinking water, defined as water that is accessible on premises, available when needed and free from contamination. In the Philippines, around 1 in 10 people still do not have access to improved water sources.

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URL: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-36394985
Title: Filipino artists get dirty to highlight pollution in Manila's rivers
Author: BBC News
Date: May 30, 2016
Key Content: The Dirty Watercolor Project aims to use art to promote awareness of environmental degradation.

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In the corner of a room in Manila, an artist dips his paintbrush into a murky mixture. As brush strokes of brown, black and grey sweep across white canvas, the paint leaves behind rough sediments on the surface, coming out as an almost gritty texture.

But this isn't any ordinary paint. The mixture is composed of water samples drawn from the most polluted rivers and tributaries of the Philippines capital.

The Dirty Watercolour project aims to use art to promote awareness of environmental degradation.

"What better way to raise awareness than to make use of the very medium, which is of course, water," said curator Cid Reyes.

The pigments - a range of black, grey, sepia, burnt sienna and brown - were taken from riverbed soil samples. They were first processed, de-contaminated and oven dried for 24 hours, before being mixed with gum arabic solution to become watercolour.

"I was stunned when I first heard this idea," said JC Vargas, one of nine watercolour artists commissioned to paint images using these sterilised pigments. "It is so unique yet challenging for me as a watercolourist to use dirt to create art."

Though the pigments are decontaminated, they still give off a smell when painting with them, says Mr Vargas.

"The pigments are smelly and gritty, even when you paint with it. The stink only goes away when the pigments dry off."

One man's trash

One of the biggest challenges was having to actually collect the water from the rivers.

"We literally had to dip our feet into the mucky river," said Mr Vargas, an architect by profession. "Just by simply smelling the air, you can easily tell that it is hard to live along these rivers."

Yet many do. Shanty towns and slums along Manila's rivers are a common sight, where children can be seen bathing and jumping into the toxic waters. Many of these towns have no sewage facilities, running water or such amenities.

These images serve as inspiration for Dirty Watercolour's paintings, with the team taking pictures of everyday scenes along the rivers before translating them to art.

"My favourite painting is a piece entitled Sabina," Mr Vargas tells the BBC. "It features a child playing innocently by the river, unaware that her playground is unsafe."

In 2004, five of Manila's rivers were declared biologically dead, so contaminated with slit, crude oil, heavy metals and biological waste that nothing can live in them.

The Pasig river, Manila's longest at 25km (15 miles), lies at the heart of this, feeding tributaries such as the Marikina and San Juan Rivers. It also served as the main inspiration for the Dirty Watercolour team.

Another man's treasure

The 22-piece project, featuring everyday scenes along the river, was completed in slightly less than a month.

"For me, Sabina was the last piece I made for the exhibit, and it took me only two days to finish it," said Mr Vargas.

It then took the team six months to mount the exhibit in Manila's Rockwell Centre where it ran last week.

"The pigments were very challenging to work with, with the colours all on the monochromatic side", said Melvin Mangada, agency head of TBWA\SMP, the creative force behind the project.

"Even without the usual colours, the artists came up with beautiful images that are full of emotions. Emotions that colour the Filipino life."

The paintings are priced from around 40,000 pesos ($860; £583) to 120,000 Philippine pesos, with the proceeds going towards the rehabilitation of dead rivers.

"Reviving these rivers will help those living by the rivers to improve their lives," said Mr Vargas. "I believe there is still a chance. I hope our artwork has made impact not only here in the Philippines, but also in other countries."

"Bodies of water will be in our lives forever, so let's take care of them."

The song of the river

The Pasig river once served as inspiration for a classic Filipino song, Mutya ng Pasig, written by Nicanor Abelardo, the National Artist for Music.

"If you want me to live, give me your love," say the lyrics.

"The river has now lamentably become a black ceaseless flow of muck and misery," said Mr Reyes.

"Dirty Watercolour sends out a message, post haste, that we should bring the colour of life to a dying Pasig, until the muse of the river sings back that you have indeed given her your love."

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
In the corner of a room in Manila, an artist dips his paintbrush into a murky mixture. As brush strokes of brown, black and grey sweep across white canvas, the paint leaves behind rough sediments on the surface, coming out as an almost gritty texture. But this isn't any ordinary paint.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
(RESEARCHED BY: RAMANDA CLARK TANCONTIAN)

# data[].attributes.body
URL:
https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/28457/water-14.pdf

TITLE:
'Water Voices' Documentaries
Testing Audience Impact in Poor communities

AUTHOR:
Ed Quitoriano

Date Published:
2004

Key Content:
ADB's Water Awareness Team showed the Water Voices documentary 'Tinagong Paraiso' ('Hidden Paradise') in two poor communities in the Philippines and held focus group discussions after the viewing to analyze the video's immediate effects on the residents' knowledge and attitudes, and to assess the Water Voices documentary series' potential in influencing community practices.

# data[].attributes.body
URL:
https://borgenproject.org/water-pollution-in-the-philippines/
TITLE: Water Pollution in the Philippines
AUTHOR: The Borgen Project
DATE PUBLISHED: APRIL 8, 2018
KEY CONTENT: Philippines is undergoing hardships in sanitizing and purifying water. Due to water pollution in the Philippines, the country is likely to face a shortage of water  for sanitation, drinking, agriculture and industrial purposes in the next ten years.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
(RESEARCHED BY: RAMANDA CLARK TANCONTIAN)

# data[].attributes.body
URL:
https://www.ilo.org/asia/media-centre/articles/WCMS_754439/lang--en/index.htm

TITLE:
Clean water for life and livelihoods amid pandemic

AUTHOR:
International Labour Organization

DATE PUBLISHED:
September 1, 2020

KEY CONTENT:
The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the need for clean water to prevent infection, while making it more difficult for some remote and vulnerable communities to access supplies. In the Philippines, an ILO-Japan project is developing better water supply systems, providing local jobs and promoting safe and healthy working conditions.

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MAGUINDANAO, Philippines (ILO News) - Just a few months ago Anelie Salazar was selling rice cakes in schools and washing clothes to help support her family. Antonio, her 46-year old husband is a coconut farmer and motorcycle driver and they have three school-age children.

Every day, the 41-year-old mother would walk a kilometre to the nearest source of clean water, to complement the gallon of distilled water they bought for US$4.

"They supply water at the kids' school but not always enough for the entire community, so I collect rainwater. It is not safe to drink after running off dirty surfaces and my container also gets murky and muddy with prolonged rainfall, but I have no choice," said Salazar, adding that her children had been sick with fever and diarrhoea after they drank water from a bucket.

That was before the COVID-19 pandemic hit their community.
"Life is more difficult now. My husband and I have lost our income because of the COVID-19, and we are barely surviving. We don't have money to buy clean water for handwashing and drinking, let alone buying facemasks and hand sanitizers," she said.

COVID-19 has exposed the challenges and inequalities that affect communities like Salazar's, in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM). In this area, which for many years was blighted by armed conflict, many poor families rely on unprotected and contaminated water supplies, which leave them vulnerable to water-borne diseases. According to the Philippine Statistical Authority, in 2019 a quarter of families in the region did not have access to clean water.

Safe water and decent work

In 2019, the International Labour Organization (ILO), with the support of the government of Japan and in collaboration with the local government of South Upi, the TCES Parent-Teacher Association and the Ministry of Labor and Employment (MOLE), launched a project to improve water supply and sanitation services while at the same time promoting decent jobs.

The project engages former combatants and vulnerable groups, such as indigenous peoples, women, youth, and persons with disabilities. It's intended that around 12,000 local households benefit from the project.

Salazar and her husband were among those hired to build the new water facility, located at their children's school. The new system would benefit their own home as well as nearby communities.

But before they could start, construction of the tank was halted by the COVID-19 outbreak.

"We were in quarantine for three weeks. Only those with special passes were allowed to leave their homes. All stores were closed and we couldn't buy construction materials to continue the work," explains Arturo Maghanoy, President of the TCES Parent-Teacher Association.

Building back better and safer

Today, after a risk assessment, half of the workers are now back, working on the water facilities. They observe physical distancing and occupational safety and health protocols based on ILO guidelines for Safe Return to Work during COVID-19.

Anelie and her husband have also returned to work on the construction site. She hopes that the children will have water for drinking and handwashing when school resumes in October. Her children will be among the 1,400 students who will go back, since online classes are not an option for them.

"We don't have access to internet, my children and I don't even know how to use a computer. The money we will earn from the construction project will help us put food on the table for our family," said Salazar.

"The ILO's contributions help promote peace in post-conflict areas whilst reducing poverty with job creations and improving living conditions through adequate water supply, sanitation and hygiene facilities," said Khalid Hassan, Director of the ILO Country Office for the Philippines.

For further information please contact

Ms Ma Jennylyn Aguinaldo
ILO-Japan WatSan Project

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Clean water for life and livelihoods amid pandemic

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the need for clean water to prevent infection, while making it more difficult for some remote and vulnerable communities to access supplies. In the Philippines, an ILO-Japan project is developing better water supply systems, providing local jobs and promoting safe and healthy working conditions.

# data[].attributes.body
URL: https://twitter.com/cnnphilippines/status/1475371239371726850?lang=en
Title: Unique Water Treatment
Author: CNN Philippines
Date: December 27, 2021
Key Content: The water company tries to help the families in Siargao by having a machine or tool that can convert the flood water into healthy and safe drinking water.

# data[].attributes.wish_content.attachment_props.text
LOOK: Water treatment company Unique Water International is seeking help in transporting this mobile water treatment machine to Siargao Island. This could help provide potable water to 3,000 families daily. | @CarolynBonquin

# data[].attributes.wish_content.attachment_props.original_text
LOOK: Water treatment company Unique Water International is seeking help in transporting this mobile water treatment machine to Siargao Island. This could help provide potable water to 3,000 families daily. | @CarolynBonquin https://t.co/LYHOMbAGzi

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.embed_code
LOOK: Water treatment company Unique Water International is seeking help in transporting this mobile water treatment machine to Siargao Island. This could help provide potable water to 3,000 families daily. | @CarolynBonquin pic.twitter.com/LYHOMbAGzi
— CNN Philippines (@cnnphilippines) December 27, 2021

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.metadata.attachment_props_source.data.text
LOOK: Water treatment company Unique Water International is seeking help in transporting this mobile water treatment machine to Siargao Island. This could help provide potable water to 3,000 families daily. | @CarolynBonquin https://t.co/LYHOMbAGzi

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.metadata.attachment_props.original_text
LOOK: Water treatment company Unique Water International is seeking help in transporting this mobile water treatment machine to Siargao Island. This could help provide potable water to 3,000 families daily. | @CarolynBonquin https://t.co/LYHOMbAGzi

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.metadata.attachment_props.text
LOOK: Water treatment company Unique Water International is seeking help in transporting this mobile water treatment machine to Siargao Island. This could help provide potable water to 3,000 families daily. | @CarolynBonquin

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URL: https://www.rappler.com/nation/takbag-village-bukidnon-relies-unsafe-water-sources-survival/
Title: For years, Bukidnon village relies on unsafe water sources for survival
Author: Froilan Gallardo
Date: April 20, 2022
Key Content: The village of Tagbak lacks potable water sources and has relied on an intermittent water supply for years.

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Froilan Gallardo/Rappler

The situation may worsen in Tagbak, an agricultural village of 2,203 Talaandig and Higaonon farmers in Bukidnon, as the dry season sets in and climate change causes temperatures to rise and dry up the village's water sources

BUKIDNON, Philippines - The village of Tagbak, some 15.5 kilometers east of the Talakag town center, lacks potable water sources and has relied on intermittent water supply for years.

This is the reality and whoever wins in the May 9 elections will be confronted by the fact that at least 3 million Filipinos are relying on unsafe and unsustainable water source, based on data from the World Health Organization (WHO).

The situation could worsen in Tagbak, an agricultural village of 2,203 Talaandig and Higaonon farmers, as the dry season sets in, and climate change could cause temperatures to rise and dry up water sources around the village located at the foothills of Mount Kalatungan in Bukidnon.

"Sometimes the water would stop flowing abruptly and we have to wait for a few minutes to an hour before it starts to flow again," said Eileen Hinganan, a mother of eight.

WAITING. A woman with her child waits for water to trickle from a faucet so she can wash their clothes. Froilan Gallardo/Rappler

The 47-year-old Hinganan sat beside a plastic container for an hour as she waited for the water to trickle from a rusty pipe, the only water source in their small community.

Beside her were several containers, their owners silently watching at the sidelines for Hinganan to fill her container.

"During summer, the flow of water would stop and we have to go to a nearby water impounding dike to fetch water," she said.

Hinganan, whose farmer-husband earns P2,800 a month, said she had to shell out P50 a week for an auto-rickshaw to carry 10 containers to the impounding dike.

For washing their plates and kitchen utensils, Hinganan pointed to a hole by the side of the highway that is filled with murky rainwater.

"During hot summer days, that water hole will dry up and we have to save our water for washing our utensils," she said.

She said she would use the water from the containers to wash their clothes, cook their food, and bathe her eight children.

GATHER AND SHARE. Villagers gather and share whatever water they can get from a small rubber hose in the village of Tagbak in Talakag, Bukidnon. Froilan Gallardo/Rappler

Barangay Tagbak Councilor Warlito Angga-On said the village's local government allotted P2 million to build a pumping station to supply water to the village's 400 households.

Angga-On said the P2 million would have come from their share of the Internal Revenue Allocation (IRA) and the Talakag municipal government would shoulder the rest of the expenses.

He said the total cost of the pumping station was estimated to reach P4 million.

Angga-On said after submitting their proposal to the Talakag municipal government, nothing was heard about it anymore.

"That was four years ago. I think nothing would come out of our proposal," Angga-On said.

Meanwhile, the residents of Tagbak have to make do with the intermittent water supply in their village.

Angga-On said the situation was aggravated when the Philippine National Police (PNP) constructed a camp to house a platoon of cops guarding the Talakag-Lantapan highway.

He said because of the location of the camp on top of a hill, precious water from the village is siphoned with the use of pumps.

"The pumps draw the water from the pipes laid out throughout the village," he said.

Angga-On said the village had lesser water during the dry seasons after that.

WATER CONTAINERS. A child walks past a set of containers as she waits for a passing rickshaw to bring her water home in Tagbak village in Talakag town, Bukidnon. Froilan Gallardo/Rappler

Retired Army major general Johnny Macanas said he was driving through the village one day when he saw several kids drawing water by the roadside in Barangay Tagbak.

Curious, Macanas pulled to a stop and came to know the story of how the village survived despite the lack of potable water sources.

"I saw how Barangay Tagbak was left behind in terms of potable water sources. Water is an extremely important resource we cannot live without," he said.

Macanas said he immediately offered the villagers his pickup truck to bring the containers to the impounding dike to save them transportation money.

The villagers were elated and filled Macanas' vehicle with all their available containers.

That was the start of the friendship between the villagers and the former military general who spent years hunting rebels and terrorists in Mindanao.

"We always look forward whenever Mang Johnny comes to help us. His kindness helps us save money," 30-year-old Mirasol Reyes said.

Mirasol, Angga-On, and Hinganan are among the more than 3 million Filipinos who lack access to safe and sustainable sources.

The WHO said the lack of clean water sources could have serious health consequences like poor personal hygiene which makes one vulnerable to diseases, including COVID-19 infection. - Rappler.com

Froilan Gallardo is a Mindanao-based journalist and an awardee of the Aries Rufo Journalism Fellowship. This story is supported by a grant from Oxfam Philippines.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
For years, Bukidnon village relies on unsafe water sources for survival

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The situation may worsen in Tagbak, an agricultural village of 2,203 Talaandig and Higaonon farmers in Bukidnon, as the dry season sets in and climate change causes temperatures to rise and dry up the village's water sources

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
(RESEARCHED BY: RAMANDA CLARK TANCONTIAN)

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URL:
https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/1924412/bacolod/lifestyle/empowering-communities-through-access-to-clean-safe-water

TITLE:
Empowering communities through access to clean, safe water

AUTHOR:
ERWIN P. NICAVERA

DATE PUBLISHED:
March 23, 2022

KEY CONTENT:
“COLLECTIVE action and partnership have always been at the forefront in assuring positive impact of various initiatives, particularly in the protection, conservation and rehabilitation of watersheds.”

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"COLLECTIVE action and partnership have always been at the forefront in assuring positive impact of various initiatives, particularly in the protection, conservation and rehabilitation of watersheds."

This was underscored by National Economic and Development Authority (Neda) Undersecretary Roderick Planta during the site visit for the Partnership for Water and Economic Resilience (P4Water) project at Barangay Ilijan in Bago City yesterday, March 22.

The P4Water is one of the watershed conservation projects of Coca-Cola Foundation Philippines Inc. in partnership with the United States Agency for International Development (Usaid), Federation of Multisectoral Alliance for Development (Muad) - Negros, and Provincial Government of Negros Occidental.

It's a four-year partnership that aims to provide safe water access to underserved communities in Negros Occidental through watershed conservation initiatives.

Citing the baseline assessment conducted by the Usaid Safe Water project, Planta said Negros occidental has a lot of catching up to do to provide safe water and safely-managed sanitation services for every Negrense.

Compounding this issue, he said, is the current state of the watershed in the province which is threatened by deforestation and climate change effects.

"The Neda commends the P4Water project of Coca Cola Foundation and its partners for demonstrating collective action and partnership on addressing the issues on diminishing water supply and continued degradation of forest, particularly in Bago River and Malogo River Watersheds," Planta said.

The Neda official noted that activities like capacity building of project partners, protection of natural springs and forest, and promotion of sustainable livelihood help improve the quality of life of the people in the upstream communities and ensure the protection of crucial water resources which many communities depend on.

As he recognized such a partnership, Planta reaffirmed the agency's commitment to champion the goal of universal access to safe water and sanitation services integrated with sustainable water resource management.

Yesterday's project site visit coincided with the celebration of World Water Day and marked the first year of the P4Water project implementation in Bago City. Officials and representatives of different partner-organizations along with the residents in the community also planted trees in the area.

Usaid Philippines Mission Director Ryan Washburn said watersheds are critical for sustaining clean drinking water and livelihood for many families.

On this occasion of World Water Day, global attention is focused on diminished water sources, particularly from groundwater, which is a major concern in the country, Washburn said.

Over half of the 110 million Philippine population depend on ground water for drinking water, he said, adding that in Negros Occidental, 90 percent of the water delivered to cities are sourced from ground water.

"Usaid through Safe Water is heling Negros Occidental in its initiative to build a water-secure future by developing hydrological studies that provide evidence and scientific data to inform the province long term water security plan," the mission director said.

Washburn recognized the contribution of the city and provincial governments, the "generosity" of Coca Cola and hardwork of Muad - Negros for the initial gains of the P4Water project which for them has fostered synergy among these groups.

"It is invigorating to walk across the field and see firsthand our partnership and action, as well as address the watershed and livelihood concern of the communities in the barangay,' he said, adding that "Usaid is proud to be part of this initiative that advances the protection, conservation and rehabilitation of watersheds, including here in Bago City."

Reaffirming the firm's commitment to providing clean and safe water to the country's vulnerable communities, Coca Cola Foundation Philippines Inc. president Ma. Cecilia Alcantara stressed that "water is so important to all of us, water is life."

In fact, water is a flagship program of the company. With its Agos program, its aim is to make water flowing for life, for communities, Alcantara said.

"Here in Negros, we have our biggest water initiative, we have 60 community water systems mostly using ram pump technology for very undersreved communties mostly in the upland," she said, adding that "this bigger project will not just provide water to communities but will ensure water security for the Negros Island."

For his part, Bago City Mayor Nicholas Yulo, who was also present at the activity, said this is an important project that everyone needs to support as water means life and water resources sources may soon deplete.

"Most of our water resources come from here. We have several springs in this barangay alone," Yulo said, as he thanked the residents at the upland "for preserving the natural resources and for giving us water at the lowland."

Coca-Cola Philippines president Tony del Rosario, in a statement, said "water is essential for life, for nature and for every community. As a beverage company, Coca-Cola also depends on water to operate our business."

"This is why responsible water management remains a top priority for us at Coca-Cola. Our continuing partnership with Usaid, Muad-Negros, and the local government is a step toward our vision of a world where there is water security for our business, communities, and the environment where we operate, source ingredients, and touch people's lives," he added.

In response, Rodel Cadigal, of the United Ilijan Agricultural Workers for Sustainable Development, said the project has helped them improve their livelihood by protecting the forest through one, planting seedlings in the nursery.

"We are happy to be part of the effort to ensure that we have supply of water through the protection and conservation of the watershed in the city," he said, adding that "we were also equipped with the knowledge on how to save and implement new agriculture practices and technologies."*

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Empowering communities through access to clean, safe water

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
"COLLECTIVE action and partnership have always been at the forefront in assuring positive impact of various initiatives, particularly in the protection, conservation and rehabilitation of watersheds." This was underscored by National Economic and Development Authority (Neda) Undersecretary Roderick Planta during the site visit for the Partnership for Water and Economic Resilience (P4Water) project at Barangay Ilijan in Bago City yesterday, March 22.

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URL: https://youtu.be/0Brur2VGybY
Title: One Mindanao: Bagong Water Source Sagot sa Problema sa Tubig sa Davao City
Author: GMA Regional TV
Date: May 7, 2019
Key Content: There is a new water source that has been added to the water supply in Davao City.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
One Mindanao: Bagong Water Source Sagot sa Problema sa Tubig sa Davao City

# data[].attributes.body
URL: https://youtu.be/k4c3xtQwcJQ
TITLE: Is the world running out of clean water? | DW News
AUTHOR: DW News
DATE PUBLISHED: Jul 28, 2019
KEY CONTENT: Water is the source of life, but why is it that India namely the city of Chennai which is one of India's largest cities is running out of water? DW News shared with us that due to India's rapid growth rate in their economy, they have been industrializing their city which led to the neglect of their water supply and resources. These unorganized urbanizations have led to water scarcity in India which has been worsened by the lack of rainfall and the second reason is the depletion of underground water reservoirs.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Is the world running out of clean water? | DW News

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URL:
https://www.pinayads.com/2020/03/solution-for-water-shortage/
TITLE: Is there a Solution for Water Shortage
AUTHOR: MommyIris
DATE PUBLISHED: March 7, 2020
KEY CONTENT: Filipino's are experiencing water crisis, Residents of Metro Manila are starting to experience a shortage of water supply.

# data[].attributes.body
URL:
https://www.developmentaid.org/news-stream/post/155108/water-pollution-in-the-philippines
TITLE: Water Pollution in The Philippines
AUTHOR: DevelopmentAid
DATE PUBLISHED: January 6 2023
KEY CONTENT: Three million people in the Philippines put their lives at risk every day by using unsafe water source.

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Three million people in the Philippines put their lives at risk every day by using unsafe water sources. Moreover, another 7 million do not have access to improved sanitation and sanitation services.
According to Water.Org - a global non-profit organization that aims to deliver water and sanitation to the world - although the Philippines' economy is registering rapid growth, it still faces massive obstacles in terms of access to water and sanitation.

In a country that is registering rapid increases in urbanization, communities are struggling to meet the basic sanitation needs of the incoming new citizens.

Although local government continues to take action to lessen the decline in the quality of water reserves, the country is still among the leading nations in terms of plastic water pollution. The Philippines is home to more than two-thirds of all animal and plant species on our planet and due to water pollution, the country is one of the world's most threatened biodiversity hotspots.

Defining water pollution

When dangerous chemicals and microorganisms reach waterways, they contaminate bodies of water such as rivers, lakes, seas, and oceans. The quality of water thus deteriorates and becomes toxic for both humans and the environment. This is known as water pollution.

Water pollution and biodiversity

Data shows that both biodiversity and the quality of water in the streams that feed into Laguna de Bay - the Philippines' largest lake - are deteriorating. A significant factor in the country's declining species diversity is plastic waste which makes its way to the ocean where it is consumed by birds and other sea life.

According to research in the Science Advances journal of the AAAS released in April 2021, the Philippines is home to 28% of the world's rivers that are polluted by plastic. During the process of degradation, plastic particles acquire new chemical and physical characteristics that may increase the risk of becoming hazardous to living things.

The Philippines is one of the biggest plastic pollutants on the planet, with 0.28 to 0.75 million tons of plastic escaping into the waters each year from coastal locations in Manila Bay together with hundreds of thousands of tons of plastic waste that are dumped in the country's rivers.

Fishermen have complained that plastics are suffocating the coral reefs which has an impact on the ecosystem as a whole as well as causing a decrease in fish yields.

The 2021 research from Oxford University, Our World in Data, showed that Asian rivers contain 81% of all the plastic that reaches the oceans, with the Philippines accounting for about 30% of that total. In addition, the Pasig River's share of plastic is over 6%, with the remainder coming from other rivers including Agusan, Jalaur, Pampanga, Rio Grande de Mindanao, Tambo in Pasay, Tullahan, and Zapote.

The 27 km Pasig river that runs through the nation's capital was once a vital commerce route but the river has now been polluted due to inadequate sewage systems and urbanization. Locals collect rubbish from the banks of the river every morning, filling bags in their never-ending quest to clean up a stream that is also a key source of plastic waste.

In the Philippines' poorest communities, waste is rarely collected, and sometimes not at all, resulting in unlawful dumping. This waste ultimately seeps into the maritime ecosystem and has detrimental effects on both the fishing industry and environmental tourism.

Environment protection in the Philippines

The government is seeking to stimulate 60% plastic reuse by 2030 and is offering the private sector opportunities for technology transfer and integration in the management of plastic waste.

In 2021, the Department of Environment and Natural Resources, in partnership with other federal agencies and commercial organizations, commenced its five-year initiative to bring the Pasig River back to life by making it cleaner with a sustainable river garbage collecting system.

In June 2022, the country's main environmental authority noted great achievements regarding the water quality in Manila Bay, suggesting that the current bay restoration project that aims to clean up and replenish the local waters so that they are suitable for swimming and other physical enjoyment is showing some success.

Final word

The Philippines currently registers the fastest economic development among its ASEAN peers but this rapid development, along with an increasing level of urbanization, is leading to the pollution of waters with toxins coming from plants and farms, as well as tons and tons of plastic, which can all contaminate the soil and seep into water ending up in the world's oceans. The government is aware of this issue and for several years has been taking action to deal with it by restoring Manila Bay, among other areas, and has ambitious plans to restore rivers across the country.

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Three million people in the Philippines put their lives at risk every day by using unsafe water sources. Moreover, another 7 million do not have access to improved sanitation and sanitation services.

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URL:
https://nrcp.dost.gov.ph/latest-news/712-bangsamoro-s-top-issue-on-quality-water-supply-aligns-with-council-s-research-agenda
TITLE: Bangsamoro's top issue on quality water supply aligns with Council's research agenda
AUTHOR: Renz Prudenciado
DATE PUBLISHED: 19 April 2021
KEY CONTENT:
According to Renz Prudenciado, water security is one of the top 6 concerns that must be addresed as it may address the concerns of the wuality water supply of the 70% of respondents of a survey from Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM). Despite being known for its richness in water resources such as Lake Lanao, the majority of the households in the region do not have access to safe water. This may lead to serious health consequences where most communities are at risk of waterborne illnesses. Researchers thought of the conservation of Lake Lanao as it is crucial in improving the living conditions and the environment of the communities, especially when it comes to access to safe water.

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Lake Lanao is one of the water resources in Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao. (Photo copyright belongs to Province of Lanao del Sur.)

Water security is one of the six (6) top priorities of the National Integrated Basic Research Agenda (NIBRA) of the National Research Council of the Philippines (NRCP).

This may address the concern of the seventy percent (70%) of a recently-concluded survey where respondents said that the quality water supply is the top issue in Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM).

Engr. Benbellah-Ali Y. Dandamun, Research and Development (R&D) Assistant from the Ministry of Science and Technology - BARMM, shared the survey results during the NRCP Regional Basic Research Caravan for BARMM last April 08, 2021-attended by more than 300 participants wherein 40% are male, and 60% are female.

Despite being known for its richness in water resources such as Lake Lanao, the majority of the households in the region do not have access to safe water. The inadequate supply of clean water, both potable and non-potable, may lead to serious health consequences where most communities are at risk of waterborne illnesses.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2016, one of the top 10 leading causes of death in the Philippines was Acute Watery Diarrhea claimed over 139,000 lives.
The Survey Results
MOST-BARMM asked researchers from across five (5) provinces in the region-including Basilan, Lanao del Sur, Maguindanao, Sulu, and Tawi-Tawi-to identify local community problems for possible research generation. Researchers, who pointed out water quality concerns, are rooting for future studies on the availability and accessibility of groundwater sources-the 'invisible critical resource.'

A majority of researchers also believe that the reliance on petroleum as a source of non-renewable energy could spark Bangsamoro lives-especially in the hinterland communities. These respondents cited the importance of research on natural resources, such as algae-based biofuels, as an alternative to biodiesel and gasoline.

Results also reveal the call to heighten the documentation of indigenous knowledge and grassroots education.

Another key finding shows the need to capacitate the Halal food innovation centers.

"The results of the survey will help us generate responsive R&D projects or programs that can be implemented in the region," says NRCP Executive Director, Dr. Marieta Bañez Sumagaysay.

MOST-BARMM will use the survey results in the formulation of the Regional R&D Agenda, in partnership with the Local Government Units (LGUs), the State Universities and Colleges (SUCs), and the NRCP.

Guided by the NIBRA, the Council continues to trailblaze basic research breakthroughs like the discovery of lake biomarkers, marine sediments as potential sources of antibiotics, increasing farm productivity, resilient music of the indigenous people, bioremediation protocols in rehabilitating mined-out areas, and risk factors of disaster-associated teenage pregnancy.

Researchers involved in this survey came from various SUCs in the region-including Cotabato City State Polytechnic College, Hardam Furigay Colleges Foundation, Mindanao Autonomous College Foundation Incorporated (MACFI), Mahardika Institute of Technology Inc., various branches of the Mindanao State University (MSU): MSU Maguindanao, MSU Marawi, MSU Sulu, MSU Tawi-Tawi College of Technology and Oceanography, Notre Dame of Jolo, Sulu State College, and Upi Agricultural School - Provincial Technical Institute of Agriculture.

Challenged to access to quality water supply, researchers call for the conservation of Lake Lanao, one of the 17 ancient lakes in the world.
NRCP Research on Lake Lanao: A water resource
Lake Lanao conservation is crucial to the protection of the Maranao identity-in improving the living conditions and the environment of the communities, especially when it comes to access to safe water.

The estimated 10-million-year-old Lake is ultra-oligotrophic, which implies that the water quality is pristine and clean, an NRCP study finds.

The NRCP-funded program titled Lake Lanao for Sustainable Development was conducted by a team composed of NRCP expert members from MSU led by MSU-IIT Chancellor, Dr. Sukarno Tanggol. The team is currently collaborating with the local and provincial government, including non-government organizations (NGOs) to create and implement stricter policies and ordinances that will protect the lake like proper waste disposal, regulation of business establishments, monitoring on wastewater treatment, and sewerage system.

Based on the findings, the team recommended the establishment of Lake Lanao Development Authority that "shall make and implement a comprehensive development plan designed to promote the rapid social and economic development of this lake as well as its protection and conservation." It likewise encourages the Department of Education to include topics on conservation of natural resources such as lakes, forests, and rivers in its curriculum. Dr. Fema Abamo, one of the project leaders from MSU-Marawi, says that this will enrich awareness, values, and stewardship of natural resources among young learners.

Aside from water security, the top research priorities of NRCP NIBRA are sustainable community, food and nutrition security, clean energy, inclusive nation-building, and healthy sufficiency.

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Bangsamoro's top issue on quality water supply aligns with Council's research agenda

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Lake Lanao is one of the water resources in Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao. (Photo copyright belongs to Province of Lanao del Sur.) Water security is one of the six (6) top priorities of the National Integrated Basic Research Agenda (NIBRA) of the National Research Council of the Philippines (NRCP).

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URL:
https://siwi.org/goal-wash/philippines
Title: Achieving the SDGs through the Integrated Safe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Approach – iWaSH Governance.
Author: Alejandro Jiménez, PhD
Date: 2019
Key Content:
Millennium Development Goals progress in terms of water, sanitation and hygiene showed that use of improved drinking water sources was at 84 percent in 1990 and rose to 92 percent in 2015. Use of improved sanitation facility was measured at 57 percent in 1990 and by 2015 it was recorded at 74 percent.

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SIWI - Leading expert in water governance

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The interventions of the iWaSH approach have been adopted widely in every beneficiary community. These interventions include capacity-building activities for municipal and community officials, conducted by the regional water and sanitation hubs. These are composed of partner state universities, district water authorities, NGOs and civil society organizations, which are organized to mainstream iWaSH in their local plans and budgets. The hubs also support the government, specifically the WaSH programmes of the Department of the Interior and Local Government, in facilitating waterless communities to develop local projects on establishing, improving, and expanding water and sanitation systems and facilities.

In total, 7,169 households in six regions received improved access to water supply following the construction of new infrastructure. Provision of water quality monitoring kits by the project has been valuable in the identification of contaminated drinking water sources in the target municipalities. In one municipality, drinking water sources tested revealed that the majority (87 out of 110 water sources) tested positive for total coliform, including the E. coli bacteria. Local government authorities had the opportunity to immediately take action and communicate this to the relevant communities.

iWaSH became a priority in the ten local government units (LGUs), as evidenced in their medium- and long-term (5-10 years) targets and investment requirements. These set out a framework to increase access to safe water, sanitation, and hygiene in the form of infrastructure development and rehabilitation of iWaSH facilities; capacity development programmes to organize barangay iWaSH associations and community groups; sanitation and hygiene promotion/advocacy; and provision of materials and equipment for water quality monitoring. The iWaSH programme influenced 79 municipalities that were able to establish their WaSH baselines by conducting iWaSH assessments, and 35 LGUs that were able to develop their iWaSH sector plans (total budget USD 162,217).

Following the iWaSH approach, the Department of the Interior and Local Government has initiated a project that will identify viable water sources for bulk water supply. The supply is based on the analysis of existing conditions, technology options in system design, and demands of other competing sector users (e.g. irrigation and agriculture). The system is designed for bulk water supply in three provinces and 29 municipalities (budget USD 1.56 million from the National Economic Development Authority Funding Facility).

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SIWI - Leading expert in water governance

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The interventions of the iWaSH approach have been adopted widely in every beneficiary community. These interventions include capacity-building activities for municipal and community officials, conducted by the regional water and sanitation hubs. These are composed of partner state universities, district water authorities, NGOs and civil society organizations, which are organized to mainstream iWaSH in their local plans and budgets.

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URL:
https://www.mindanews.com/top-stories/2022/07/diarrhea-outbreak-in-davao-possibly-caused-by-water-contamination-due-to-flooding/
TITLE: Diarrhea outbreak in Davao possibly caused by water contamination due to flooding
AUTHOR: MindaNews
DATE PUBLISHED: JULY 18, 2022
KEY CONTENT: Diarrhea breakout in Davao caused by flooding making the water contaminated and undrinkable. People were strongly adviced to only drink purified or bottled water and must avoid tap water.

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Residents along Davao River ignore the danger posed by the floodwater as they try to salvage a driftwood in this photo taken on Thursday morning (April 7, 2022). MindaNews photo by GREGORIO C. BUENO

DAVAO CITY (MindaNews / 18 July) - The recent flooding possibly contaminated the city's water system and caused the diarrhea outbreak that hit 12 barangays in the city's Toril District, City Health Office (CHO) chief Dr. Ashley Lopez said on Monday.

In an interview over Davao City Disaster Radio, Lopez said 43 cases had been reported as of 10:00 p.m. Sunday, but added the situation has been put under control.

He identified the affected areas as Barangays Bato, Toril Proper, Crossing Bayabas, Lubogan, Mulig, Daliao Plantation, and Tungkalan for Toril A, and Daliao North, Daliao South, Lizada Fish Port, Lizada Kurbada, and Binugaw for Toril B.

He said the CHO suspected it was caused either by water contamination or food poisoning.

He said that it was likely that the recent flooding might have contaminated the water system, although some patients also claimed that symptoms of diarrhea started manifesting after they ate street food and tapioca dessert peddled by vendors.

"The primary consideration right now is water because of the situation. Rains caused some flooding recently, and it could possibly contaminate our water system," he said.

But Lopez added that if the cause was water contamination, the number of cases would have been higher since only the Davao City Water District is supplying water to the households in Toril.

He said rectal swabs of the patients have been taken to the Southern Philippines Medical Center on Monday for laboratory examination to determine the cause of diarrhea.

In an advisory, the city government told residents of Toril to avoid drinking or using tap water for food preparation without boiling it for 10 minutes, use purified or bottled water for consumption, if possible, and frequently wash hands thoroughly with soap and water.

Meanwhile, Lopez said the city government is awaiting the result of the water analysis conducted by DCWD last Sunday but he encouraged the residents to sterilize the water if they are drinking from the faucet.

"Some experts say you have to extend the heating by at least one minute - the range is between 1 and 10 minutes - so that the bacteria causing the infection will eventually die due to the boiling," he said.

He said the local government is expecting the result of the rectal swab on Tuesday but added there is one confirmed case of amoebiasis among the patients.

Out of the total cases, 24 were admitted to St. John of the Cross Hospital, eight to Davao Mediquest Hospital, two to Ernesto Guadalupe Community Hospital, and nine are for verification, he said.

The youngest case is a six-month-old patient, he said

He said the first case was reported at St. John of the Cross Hospital last July 15 but more admissions due to loose stools were noted in private hospitals in Toril on Sunday.

"For now, what we can confirm is that there is an outbreak but what we cannot confirm yet is if this was caused by bacteria, water contamination, or food poisoning," he said.

He said that if the analysis would point to food poisoning, the local government would take some measures, including dialogue and reorientation seminars for street food vendors on food handling. (Antonio L. Colina IV/MindaNews)

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Diarrhea outbreak in Davao possibly caused by water contamination due to flooding

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DAVAO CITY (MindaNews / 18 July) - The recent flooding possibly contaminated the city's water system and caused the diarrhea outbreak that hit 12 barangays in the city's Toril District, City Health Office (CHO) chief Dr. Ashley Lopez said on Monday.

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URL:
https://www.ilo.org/asia/media-centre/articles/WCMS_754439/lang--en/index.htm
Title: Clean water for life and livelihoods amid pandemic
Author: International Labour Organization
Date Published: Sep 1, 2020
Key Content: The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the need for clean water to prevent infection, while making it more difficult for some remote and vulnerable communities to access supplies. In the Philippines, an ILO-Japan project is developing better water supply systems, providing local jobs and promoting safe and healthy working conditions.

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MAGUINDANAO, Philippines (ILO News) - Just a few months ago Anelie Salazar was selling rice cakes in schools and washing clothes to help support her family. Antonio, her 46-year old husband is a coconut farmer and motorcycle driver and they have three school-age children.

Every day, the 41-year-old mother would walk a kilometre to the nearest source of clean water, to complement the gallon of distilled water they bought for US$4.

"They supply water at the kids' school but not always enough for the entire community, so I collect rainwater. It is not safe to drink after running off dirty surfaces and my container also gets murky and muddy with prolonged rainfall, but I have no choice," said Salazar, adding that her children had been sick with fever and diarrhoea after they drank water from a bucket.

That was before the COVID-19 pandemic hit their community.
"Life is more difficult now. My husband and I have lost our income because of the COVID-19, and we are barely surviving. We don't have money to buy clean water for handwashing and drinking, let alone buying facemasks and hand sanitizers," she said.

COVID-19 has exposed the challenges and inequalities that affect communities like Salazar's, in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM). In this area, which for many years was blighted by armed conflict, many poor families rely on unprotected and contaminated water supplies, which leave them vulnerable to water-borne diseases. According to the Philippine Statistical Authority, in 2019 a quarter of families in the region did not have access to clean water.

Safe water and decent work

In 2019, the International Labour Organization (ILO), with the support of the government of Japan and in collaboration with the local government of South Upi, the TCES Parent-Teacher Association and the Ministry of Labor and Employment (MOLE), launched a project to improve water supply and sanitation services while at the same time promoting decent jobs.

The project engages former combatants and vulnerable groups, such as indigenous peoples, women, youth, and persons with disabilities. It's intended that around 12,000 local households benefit from the project.

Salazar and her husband were among those hired to build the new water facility, located at their children's school. The new system would benefit their own home as well as nearby communities.

But before they could start, construction of the tank was halted by the COVID-19 outbreak.

"We were in quarantine for three weeks. Only those with special passes were allowed to leave their homes. All stores were closed and we couldn't buy construction materials to continue the work," explains Arturo Maghanoy, President of the TCES Parent-Teacher Association.

Building back better and safer

Today, after a risk assessment, half of the workers are now back, working on the water facilities. They observe physical distancing and occupational safety and health protocols based on ILO guidelines for Safe Return to Work during COVID-19.

Anelie and her husband have also returned to work on the construction site. She hopes that the children will have water for drinking and handwashing when school resumes in October. Her children will be among the 1,400 students who will go back, since online classes are not an option for them.

"We don't have access to internet, my children and I don't even know how to use a computer. The money we will earn from the construction project will help us put food on the table for our family," said Salazar.

"The ILO's contributions help promote peace in post-conflict areas whilst reducing poverty with job creations and improving living conditions through adequate water supply, sanitation and hygiene facilities," said Khalid Hassan, Director of the ILO Country Office for the Philippines.

For further information please contact

Ms Ma Jennylyn Aguinaldo
ILO-Japan WatSan Project

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Clean water for life and livelihoods amid pandemic

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the need for clean water to prevent infection, while making it more difficult for some remote and vulnerable communities to access supplies. In the Philippines, an ILO-Japan project is developing better water supply systems, providing local jobs and promoting safe and healthy working conditions.

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URL:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/360005045_Water_Supply_and_Sanitation_Practices_of_The_Coastal_Barangays_of_Sta_Cruz_Davao_Del_Sur_Basis_For_Salintubig_Program
Title:Water Supply and Sanitation Practices of The Coastal Barangays of Sta. Cruz, Davao Del Sur: Basis For Salintubig Program
Author: Daisy T. Besing
Date Published: April 2022
Key Content: The purpose  of  this  study  was  to  assess  the  water  supply and  sanitation  practices  of  the coastal

barangays  of  Sta.  Cruz,  Province  of  Davao  del  Sur,  identify  the  factors  affecting  the  insufficient

accessibility of water supply to every household and inadequate sanitation practices, and determine the

problems  on  water  and  sanitation  and  formulate  policy  interventions  related  to  water  supply  and

sanitation practices.

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(RESEARCHED BY: RAMANDA CLARK TANCONTIAN)

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URL:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y9I5dGoHM3o&ab_channel=PhilippineDisasterResilienceFoundation

Title:
Philippine Water Challenge Webinar: Be Part of the Solution

Author:
Philippine Disaster Resilience Foundation

Date Published:
September 1, 2021

Key Content:
The “Be Part of the Water Supply and Sanitation Solution: More on the Challenges and Solutions that Worked” webinar will provide you an understanding of the water supply and sanitation (WSS) challenges that need to be addressed and an overview sample WSS solutions that worked. This webinar is part of the Philippine Water Challenge (PhlWC) webinar series to promote participation in the first-ever national platform to generate promising innovations, support improvements, and scale up the application of such innovations.

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Philippine Water Challenge Webinar: Be Part of the Solution

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URL:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=33Ql9I2b0qo
Title: Providing Clean Water for the Philippines
Author: Samaritans Purse
Date Published: Feb 12, 2022
Key Content: After typhoon Odette, lots of the pipes and water lines have been damaged. Broken pipes and leaks has has cause contamination and waterborne diseases which has been deadly especially to children that has been affected by the tragic phenomena. But with the help of the Samaritans Purse and their team problems is being prevented in the region.

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Providing Clean Water for the Philippines