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SWOT analysis Standar Sarana dan Prasarana

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How to Do a SWOT Analysis

Avoid relying on your own, partial understanding of your organization. Your assumptions could be wrong. Instead, gather a team of people from a range of functions and levels to build a broad and insightful list of observations.

Then, every time you identify a Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, or Threat, write it down in the relevant part of the SWOT analysis grid for all to see.

Let's look at each area in more detail and consider what fits where, and what questions you could ask as part of your data gathering.

Strengths

Strengths are things that your organization does particularly well, or in a way that distinguishes you from your competitors. Think about the advantages your organization has over other organizations. These might be the motivation of your staff, access to certain materials, or a strong set of manufacturing processes.

Then turn your perspective around and ask yourself what your competitors might see as your strengths. What factors mean that you get the sale ahead of them?

Remember, any aspect of your organization is only a strength if it brings you a clear advantage. For example, if all of your competitors provide high-quality products, then a high-quality production process is not a strength in your market: it's a necessity.

Weaknesses

Weaknesses, like strengths, are inherent features of your organization, so focus on your people, resources, systems, and procedures. Think about what you could improve, and the sorts of practices you should avoid.

Once again, imagine (or find out) how other people in your market see you. Do they notice weaknesses that you tend to be blind to? Take time to examine how and why your competitors are doing better than you. What are you lacking?

Be honest! A SWOT analysis will only be valuable if you gather all the information you need. So, it's best to be realistic now, and face any unpleasant truths as soon as possible.

Opportunities

Opportunities are openings or chances for something positive to happen, but you'll need to claim them for yourself!

They usually arise from situations outside your organization, and require an eye to what might happen in the future. They might arise as developments in the market you serve, or in the technology you use. Being able to spot and exploit opportunities can make a huge difference to your organization's ability to compete and take the lead in your market.

Think about good opportunities that you can exploit immediately. These don't need to be game-changers: even small advantages can increase your organization's competitiveness. What interesting market trends are you aware of, large or small, which could have an impact?

You should also watch out for changes in government policy related to your field. And changes in social patterns, population profiles, and lifestyles can all throw up interesting opportunities.

Threats

Threats include anything that can negatively affect your business from the outside, such as supply-chain problems, shifts in market requirements, or a shortage of recruits. It's vital to anticipate threats and to take action against them before you become a victim of them and your growth stalls.

Think about the obstacles you face in getting your product to market and selling. You may notice that quality standards or specifications for your products are changing, and that you'll need to change those products if you're to stay in the lead. Evolving technology is an ever-present threat, as well as an opportunity!

Always consider what your competitors are doing, and whether you should be changing your organization's emphasis to meet the challenge. But remember that what they're doing might not be the right thing for you to do. So, avoid copying them without knowing how it will improve your position.

Be sure to explore whether your organization is especially exposed to external challenges. Do you have bad debt or cash-flow problems, for example, that could make you vulnerable to even small changes in your market? This is the kind of threat that can seriously damage your business, so be alert.

Frequently Asked Questions About SWOT Analysis

1. Who Invented SWOT Analysis?

2. What Does SWOT Analysis Stand For?

SWOT Analysis stands for Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats.

3. What Can a SWOT Analysis Be Used For?

SWOT analysis is a useful tool to help you determine your organization's position in the market. You can then use this information to create an informed strategy suited to your needs and capabilities.

4. How Do I Write a SWOT Analysis?

5. How Do SWOT Analysis and the TOWS Matrix compare?

6. What Are the Biggest SWOT Analysis Mistakes?

Making your lists too long. Ask yourself if your ideas are feasible as you go along.

Being vague. Be specific to provide more focus for later discussions.

Not seeing weaknesses. Be sure to ask customers and colleagues what they experience in real life.

Not thinking ahead. It's easy to come up with nice ideas without taking them through to their logical conclusion. Always consider their practical impact.

Being unrealistic. Don't plan in detail for opportunities that don't exist yet. For example, that export market you've been eyeing may be available at some point, but the trade negotiations to open it up could take years.

Relying on SWOT Analysis alone. SWOT Analysis is valuable. But when you use it alongside other planning tools (SOAR, TOWS or PEST), the results will be more vigorous.

How to Use a SWOT Analysis

Use a SWOT Analysis to assess your organization's current position before you decide on any new strategy. Find out what's working well, and what's not so good. Ask yourself where you want to go, how you might get there - and what might get in your way.

Once you've examined all four aspects of SWOT, you'll want to build on your strengths, boost your weaker areas, head off any threats, and exploit every opportunity. In fact, you'll likely be faced with a long list of potential actions.

But before you go ahead, be sure to develop your ideas further. Look for potential connections between the quadrants of your matrix. For example, could you use some of your strengths to open up further opportunities? And, would even more opportunities become available by eliminating some of your weaknesses?

Finally, it's time to ruthlessly prune and prioritize your ideas, so that you can focus time and money on the most significant and impactful ones. Refine each point to make your comparisons clearer. For example, only accept precise, verifiable statements such as, "Cost advantage of $30/ton in sourcing raw material x," rather than, "Better value for money."

A SWOT Analysis Example

Imagine this scenario: a small start-up consultancy wants a clear picture of its current situation, to decide on a future strategy for growth. The team gathers, and draws up the SWOT Analysis shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2. A Completed SWOT Analysis.

Strengths What do you do well? What unique resources can you draw on? What do others see as your strengths?

Weaknesses What could you improve? Where do you have fewer resources than others? What are others likely to see as weaknesses?

We are able to respond very quickly as we have no red tape, and no need for higher management approval.

We are able to give really good customer care, as the current small amount of work means we have plenty of time to devote to customers.

Our lead consultant has a strong reputation in the market.

We can change direction quickly if we find that our marketing is not working.

We have low overheads, so we can offer good value to customers.

Our company has little market presence or reputation.

We have a small staff, with a shallow skills base in many areas.

We are vulnerable to vital staff being sick or leaving.

Our cash flow will be unreliable in the early stages.

Opportunities What opportunities are open to you? What trends could you take advantage of? How can you turn your strengths into opportunities?

Threats What threats could harm you? What is your competition doing? What threats do your weaknesses expose to you?

Our business sector is expanding, with many future opportunities for success.

Local government wants to encourage local businesses.

Our competitors may be slow to adopt new technologies.

Developments in technology may change this market beyond our ability to adapt.

A small change in the focus of a large competitor might wipe out any market position we achieve.

As a result of the team's analysis, it's clear that the consultancy's main strengths lie in its agility, technical expertise, and low overheads. These allow it to offer excellent customer service to a relatively small client base.

The company's weaknesses are also to do with its size. It will need to invest in training, to improve the skills base of the small staff. It'll also need to focus on retention, so it doesn't lose key team members.

There are opportunities in offering rapid-response, good-value services to local businesses and to local government organizations. The company can likely be first to market with new products and services, given that its competitors are slow adopters.

The threats require the consultancy to keep up-to-date with changes in technology. It also needs to keep a close eye on its largest competitors, given its vulnerability to large-scale changes in its market. To counteract this, the business needs to focus its marketing on selected industry websites, to get the greatest possible market presence on a small advertising budget.

SWOT Analysis Infographic

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SWOT Analysis - Understanding Your Business, Informing Your Strategy

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SWOT Analysis is a simple but powerful framework for analyzing your organization's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Includes template.

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What Is SWOT Analysis?

SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis is a framework used to evaluate a company's competitive position and to develop strategic planning. SWOT analysis assesses internal and external factors, as well as current and future potential.

A SWOT analysis is designed to facilitate a realistic, fact-based, data-driven look at the strengths and weaknesses of an organization, initiatives, or within its industry. The organization needs to keep the analysis accurate by avoiding pre-conceived beliefs or gray areas and instead focusing on real-life contexts. Companies should use it as a guide and not necessarily as a prescription.

Understanding SWOT Analysis

SWOT analysis is a technique for assessing the performance, competition, risk, and potential of a business, as well as part of a business such as a product line or division, an industry, or other entity.

Using internal and external data, the technique can guide businesses toward strategies more likely to be successful, and away from those in which they have been, or are likely to be, less successful. Independent SWOT analysts, investors, or competitors can also guide them on whether a company, product line, or industry might be strong or weak and why.

Components of SWOT Analysis

Every SWOT analysis will include the following four categories. Though the elements and discoveries within these categories will vary from company to company, a SWOT analysis is not complete without each of these elements:

Strengths describe what an organization excels at and what separates it from the competition: a strong brand, loyal customer base, a strong balance sheet, unique technology, and so on. For example, a hedge fund may have developed a proprietary trading strategy that returns market-beating results. It must then decide how to use those results to attract new investors.

Weaknesses

Weaknesses stop an organization from performing at its optimum level. They are areas where the business needs to improve to remain competitive: a weak brand, higher-than-average turnover, high levels of debt, an inadequate supply chain, or lack of capital.

Opportunities

Opportunities refer to favorable external factors that could give an organization a competitive advantage. For example, if a country cuts tariffs, a car manufacturer can export its cars into a new market, increasing sales and market share.

Threatsrefer to factors that have the potential to harm an organization. For example, a drought is a threat to a wheat-producing company, as it may destroy or reduce the crop yield. Other common threats include things like rising costs for materials, increasing competition, tight labor supply. and so on.

Analysts present a SWOT analysis as a square segmented into four quadrants, each dedicated to an element of SWOT. This visual arrangement provides a quick overview of the company's position. Although all the points under a particular heading may not be of equal importance, they all should represent key insights into the balance of opportunities and threats, advantages and disadvantages, and so forth.

The SWOT table is often laid out with the internal factors on the top row and the external factors on the bottom row. In addition, the items on the left side of the table are more positive/favorable aspects, while the items on the right are more concerning/negative elements.

How to Do a SWOT Analysis

A SWOT analysis can be broken into several steps with actionable items before and after analyzing the four components. In general, a SWOT analysis will involve the following steps.

Step 1: Determine Your Objective

A SWOT analysis can be broad, though more value will likely be generated if the analysis is pointed directly at an objective. For example, the objective of a SWOT analysis may focused only on whether or not to perform a new product rollout. With an objective in mind, a company will have guidance on what they hope to achieve at the end of the process. In this example, the SWOT analysis should help determine whether or not the product should be introduced.

Step 2: Gather Resources

Every SWOT analysis will vary, and a company may need different data sets to support pulling together different SWOT analysis tables. A company should begin by understanding what information it has access to, what data limitations it faces, and how reliable its external data sources are.

In addition to data, a company should understand the right combination of personnel to have involved in the analysis. Some staff may be more connected with external forces, while various staff within the manufacturing or sales departments may have a better grasp of what is going on internally. Having a broad set of perspectives is also more likely to yield diverse, value-adding contributions.

Step 3: Compile Ideas

For each of the four components of the SWOT analysis, the group of people assigned to performing the analysis should begin listing ideas within each category. Examples of questions to ask or consider for each group are in the table below.

Internal Factors

What occurs within the company serves as a great source of information for the strengths and weaknesses categories of the SWOT analysis. Examples of internal factors include financial and human resources, tangible and intangible (brand name) assets, and operational efficiencies.

Potential questions to list internal factors are:

(Strength) What are we doing well?

(Strength) What is our strongest asset?

(Weakness) What are our detractors?

(Weakness) What are our lowest-performing product lines?

External Factors

What happens outside of the company is equally as important to the success of a company as internal factors. External influences, such as monetary policies, market changes, and access to suppliers, are categories to pull from to create a list of opportunities and weaknesses.

Potential questions to list external factors are:

(Opportunity) What trends are evident in the marketplace?

(Opportunity) What demographics are we not targeting?

(Threat) How many competitors exist, and what is their market share?

(Threat) Are there new regulations that potentially could harm our operations or products?

Strengths
1. What is our competitive advantage?
2. What resources do we have?
3. What products are performing well?

Weaknesses
1. Where can we improve?
2. What products are underperforming?
3. Where are we lacking resources?

Opportunities
1. What new technology can we use?
2. Can we expand our operations?
3. What new segments can we test?

Threats
1. What regulations are changing?
2. What are competitors doing?
3. How are consumer trends changing?

Companies may consider performing this step as a "white-boarding" or "sticky note" session. The idea is there is no right or wrong answer; all participants should be encouraged to share whatever thoughts they have. These ideas can later be discarded; in the meantime, the goal should be to come up with as many items as possible to invoke creativity and inspiration in others.

Step 4: Refine Findings

With the list of ideas within each category, it is now time to clean-up the ideas. By refining the thoughts that everyone had, a company can focus on only the best ideas or largest risks to the company. This stage may require substantial debate among analysis participants, including bringing in upper management to help rank priorities.

Step 5: Develop the Strategy

Armed with the ranked list of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, it is time to convert the SWOT analysis into a strategic plan. Members of the analysis team take the bulleted list of items within each category and create a synthesized plan that provides guidance on the original objective.

For example, the company debating whether to release a new product may have identified that it is the market leader for its existing product and there is the opportunity to expand to new markets. However, increased material costs, strained distribution lines, the need for additional staff, and unpredictable product demand may outweigh the strengths and opportunities. The analysis team develops the strategy to revisit the decision in six months in hopes of costs declining and market demand becoming more transparent.

Use a SWOT analysis to identify challenges affecting your business and opportunities that can enhance it. However, note that it is one of many techniques, not a prescription.

Benefits of SWOT Analysis

A SWOT analysis won't solve every major question a company has. However, there's a number of benefits to a SWOT analysis that make strategic decision-making easier.

A SWOT analysis makes complex problems more manageable. There may be an overwhelming amount of data to analyze and relevant points to consider when making a complex decision. In general, a SWOT analysis that has been prepared by paring down all ideas and ranking bullets by importance will aggregate a large, potentially overwhelming problem into a more digestible report.

A SWOT analysis requires external consider. Too often, a company may be tempted to only consider internal factors when making decisions. However, there are often items out of the company's control that may influence the outcome of a business decision. A SWOT analysis covers both the internal factors a company can manage and the external factors that may be more difficult to control.

A SWOT analysis can be applied to almost every business question. The analysis can relate to an organization, team, or individual. It can also analyze a full product line, changes to brand, geographical expansion, or an acquisition. The SWOT analysis is a versatile tool that has many applications.

A SWOT analysis leverages different data sources. A company will likely use internal information for strengths and weaknesses. The company will also need to gather external information relating to broad markets, competitors, or macroeconomic forces for opportunities and threats. Instead of relying on a single, potentially biased source, a good SWOT analysis compiles various angles.

A SWOT analysis may not be overly costly to prepare. Some SWOT reports do not need to be overly technical; therefore, many different staff members can contribute to its preparation without training or external consulting.

SWOT Analysis Example

In 2015, a Value Line SWOT analysis of The Coca-Cola Company noted strengths such as its globally famous brand name, vast distribution network, and opportunities in emerging markets. However, it also noted weaknesses and threats such as foreign currency fluctuations, growing public interest in "healthy" beverages, and competition from healthy beverage providers.

Its SWOT analysis prompted Value Line to pose some tough questions about Coca-Cola's strategy, but also to note that the company "will probably remain a top-tier beverage provider" that offered conservative investors "a reliable source of income and a bit of capital gains exposure."

Five years later, the Value Line SWOT analysis proved effective as Coca-Cola remains the 6th strongest brand in the world (as it was then). Coca-Cola's shares (traded under ticker symbol KO) have increased in value by over 60% during the five years after the analysis was completed.

To get a better picture of a SWOT analysis, consider the example of a fictitious organic smoothie company. To better understand how it competes within the smoothie market and what it can do better, it conducted a SWOT analysis. Through this analysis, it identified that its strengths were good sourcing of ingredients, personalized customer service, and a strong relationship with suppliers. Peering within its operations, it identified a few areas of weakness: little product diversification, high turnover rates, and outdated equipment.

Examining how the external environment affects its business, it identified opportunities in emerging technology, untapped demographics, and a culture shift towards healthy living. It also found threats, such as a winter freeze damaging crops, a global pandemic, and kinks in the supply chain. In conjunction with other planning techniques, the company used the SWOT analysis to leverage its strengths and external opportunities to eliminate threats and strengthen areas where it is weak.

What Is SWOT Analysis?

SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis is a method for identifying and analyzing internal strengths and weaknesses and external opportunities and threats that shape current and future operations and help develop strategic goals. SWOT analyses are not limited to companies. Individuals can also use SWOT analysis to engage in constructive introspection and form personal improvement goals.

What Is an Example of SWOT Analysis?

Home Depot conducted a SWOT analysis, creating a balanced list of its internal advantages and disadvantages and external factors threatening its market position and growth strategy. High-quality customer service, strong brand recognition, and positive relationships with suppliers were some of its notable strengths; whereas, a constricted supply chain, interdependence on the U.S. market, and a replicable business model were listed as its weaknesses.

Closely related to its weaknesses, Home Depot's threats were the presence of close rivals, available substitutes, and the condition of the U.S. market. It found from this study and other analysis that expanding its supply chain and global footprint would be key to its growth.

What Are the 4 Steps of SWOT Analysis?

The four steps of SWOT analysis comprise the acronym SWOT: strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. These four aspects can be broken into two analytical steps. First, a company assesses its internal capabilities and determines its strengths and weaknesses. Then, a company looks outward and evaluates external factors that impact its business. These external factors may create opportunities or threaten existing operations.

How Do You Write a Good SWOT Analysis?

Creating a SWOT analysis involves identifying and analyzing the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of a company. It is recommended to first create a list of questions to answer for each element. The questions serve as a guide for completing the SWOT analysis and creating a balanced list. The SWOT framework can be constructed in list format, as free text, or, most commonly, as a 4-cell table, with quadrants dedicated to each element. Strengths and weaknesses are listed first, followed by opportunities and threats.

Why Is SWOT Analysis Used?

A SWOT analysis is used to strategically identify areas of improvement or competitive advantages for a company. In addition to analyzing thing that a company does well, SWOT analysis takes a look at more detrimental, negative elements of a business. Using this information, a company can make smarter decisions to preserve what it does well, capitalize on its strengths, mitigate risk regarding weaknesses, and plan for events that may adversely affect the company in the future.

The Bottom Line

A SWOT analysis is a great way to guide business-strategy meetings. It's powerful to have everyone in the room discuss the company's core strengths and weaknesses, define the opportunities and threats, and brainstorm ideas. Oftentimes, the SWOT analysis you envision before the session changes throughout to reflect factors you were unaware of and would never have captured if not for the group's input.

A company can use a SWOT for overall business strategy sessions or for a specific segment such as marketing, production, or sales. This way, you can see how the overall strategy developed from the SWOT analysis will filter down to the segments below before committing to it. You can also work in reverse with a segment-specific SWOT analysis that feeds into an overall SWOT analysis.

Although a useful planning tool, SWOT has limitations. It is one of several business planning techniques to consider and should not be used alone. Also, each point listed within the categories is not prioritized the same. SWOT does not account for the differences in weight. Therefore, a deeper analysis is needed, using another planning technique.

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SWOT Analysis: How To With Table and Example

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SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis is a framework used to evaluate a company's competitive position and to develop strategic planning.

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Standar Nasional Pendidikan (SNP) di Indonesia telah diatur dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 57 Tahun 2021 tentang Standar Nasional Pendidikan sebagaimana telah diubah dengan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 4 Tahun 2022 tentang Perubahan atas Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 57 Tahun 2021 tentang Standar Nasional Pendidikan. Standar Nasional Pendidikan merupakan kunci untuk mewujudkan sistem pendidikan yang bermutu. Standar Nasional Pendidikan adalah kriteria minimal tentang sistem pendidikan di seluruh wilayah hukum Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia. Cakupan SNP terdiri dari 8 (delapan) standar, yaitu: (i) standar kompetensi lulusan; (ii) standar isi; (iii) standar proses; (iv) standar penilaian pendidikan; (v) standar tenaga kependidikan; (vi) standar sarana dan prasarana; (vii) standar pengelolaan; dan (viii) standar pembiayaan.

Penyusunan dan pengembangan Standar Nasional Pendidikan mempunyai 9 (sembilan) prinsip, yaitu: umum, inklusif, memantik inisiatif dan inovasi, esensial, substantif, relevan dan universal, selaras, holistik, ringkas, serta mutakhir. Tim Penyusun Standar Nasional Pendidikan merupakan tim yang dibentuk oleh Kepala Badan Standar, Kurikulum, dan Asesmen Pendidikan, Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi untuk menyusun draf standar. Tim Penyusun Standar Nasional Pendidikan berasal dari berbagai unsur, yaitu: BAN S/M, BAN PAUD dan PNF, akademisi, pakar, praktisi, organisasi kependidikan, perwakilan unit teknis kementerian terkait, dan pemangku kepentingan lainnya yang terkait dengan standar yang disusun.

1. Standard Isi

Standar yang pertama adalah standar isi. Yang diatur dalam standar isi mencakup komponen materi dan tingkat kompetensi minimal yang dimiliki oleh siswa pada suatu jenjang pendidikan. Standar isi memuat beberapa hal, yaitu kerangka dasar dan struktur kurikulum, beban belajar, Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan (KTSP), dan kalender akademik. Dengan kata lain, standar isi merupakan standar yang mengatur materi dan kompetensi dari suatu jenjang pendidikan demi terwujudnya lulusan yang kompeten.

2. Standar Proses

Yang kedua adalah standar proses. Standar proses ini berkaitan dengan proses pelaksanaan pembelajaran di masing-masing jenjang pendidikan. Dalam menyelenggarakan proses pembelajaran, setiap instansi pendidikan harus melakukannya dengan interaktif, inspiratif, menyenangkan, dan partisipatif atau mengikutsertakan peserta didik dalam proses pembelajaran.

3. Standar Kompetensi Lulusan

Yang ketiga dari 8 standar pendidikan Nasional Indonesia adalah Standar Kompetensi Lulusan. Standar ini berkaitan erat dengan kriteria kemampuan lulusan dari suatu instansi pendidikan. Setiap peserta didik yang lulus dari suatu jenjang pendidikan diharapkan memiliki kemampuan sikap, pengetahuan, dan keterampilan yang memadai dan sesuai dengan standar yang berlaku.

4. Standar Pendidik dan Tenaga Pendidikan

Yang keempat adalah standar pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan. Pendidik adalah tenaga kependidikan yang bertugas untuk mendidik, membimbing, mengajar, menilai para peserta didik. Sedangkan tenaga kependidikan adalah semua orang yang terlibat dalam suatu instansi pendidikan, mulai dari kepala sekolah, tenaga laboratorium, tenaga administrasi dan tata usaha, pustakawan, pengawas sekolah, dan sebagainya.

Baik pendidik maupun tenaga kependidikan harus memiliki kualifikasi akademik dan kompetensi yang sesuai agar tujuan pendidikan bisa tercapai. Kualifikasi akademik yang dimaksud adalah syarat minimal pendidikan yang harus dimiliki. Tidak hanya kualifikasi akademik, seorang pendidik juga harus menguasai kompetensi pedagogik, kompetensi kepribadian, kompetensi profesional, dan kompetensi sosial.

5. Standar Sarana Dan Prasarana

Yang kelima adalah standar sarana dan prasarana. Demi berlangsungnya proses pembelajaran, setiap instansi pendidikan perlu memiliki sarana dan prasarana yang memadai untuk menunjang proses pembelajaran yang berkelanjutan, teratur, dan juga nyaman. Dalam standar ini, diatur mengenai sarana dan prasarana yang wajib dimiliki oleh setiap satuan pendidikan. Sarana pendidikan yang wajib dimiliki meliputi perabot, peralatan pendidikan, media pendidikan, buku atau sumber belajar lainnya, perlengkapan habis pakai, dan perlengkapan lainnya yang dibutuhkan untuk menunjang proses pembelajaran. Prasarana pendidikan yang wajib dimiliki meliputi lahan, ruang kelas, ruang pimpinan, ruang pendidik, ruang TU, perpustakaan, laboratorium, bengkel kerja, kantin, tempat olahraga, tempat ibadah, dan ruangan lain yang diperlukan untuk kelancaran proses pembelajaran.

6. Standar Pengelolaan

Yang keenam dari 8 standar pendidikan nasional Indonesia adalah standar pengelolaan. Standar pengelolaan dibagi menjadi tiga bagian, yaitu standar pengelolaan oleh satuan pendidikan, standar pengelolaan oleh pemerintah daerah, dan standar pengelolaan oleh pemerintah. Hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan standar pengelolaan ini diatur lebih lanjut dalam Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan Nasional Republik Indonesia No. 19 Tahun 2007 tentang Standar Pengelolaan Pendidikan oleh Satuan Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah.

7. Standar Pembiayaan

Standar pendidikan yang ketujuh adalah standar pembiayaan. Proses pendidikan bisa terselenggara karena adanya pembiayaan yang berkelanjutan. Peraturan yang mengatur lebih lanjut mengenai standar pembiayaan adalah Peraturan Menteri No. 69 Tahun 2009. Pembiayaan dalam dunia pendidikan terdiri dari tiga komponen, yaitu : Biaya investasi Yang termasuk biaya investasi adalah penyediaan sarana dan prasarana, biaya untuk pengembangan sumber daya manusia, dan biaya untuk modal kerja tetap. Biaya personal Yang dimaksud dengan biaya personal adalah biaya yang dibayarkan oleh peserta didik agar bisa mengakses pendidikan secara berkelanjutan. Biaya operasi Yang termasuk biaya operasi pendidikan adalah gaji serta tunjangan untuk pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan, perlengkapan habis pakai, termasuk juga biaya listrik, air, koneksi internet, dan sejenisnya.

8. Standar Penilaian Penidikan

Standar Nasional Pendidikan yang terakhir adalah standar penilaian pendidikan. Ini mengatur segala hal yang berkaitan dengan prosedur penilaian pada peserta didik. Penilaian dilakukan untuk mengukur keberhasilan pemahaman peserta didik dan keberhasilan proses pembelajaran selama ini. Penilaian pendidikan terdiri dari tiga bagian, yaitu penilaian hasil belajar oleh pendidik, penilaian oleh satuan pendidikan (sekolah), dan penilaian oleh pemerintah. Secara lebih lanjut, standar penilaian pendidikan ini diatur dalam Peraturan Menteri No. 20 tahun 2007 tentang Standar Penilaian pendidikan.

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Standard Nasional Pendidikan | PSKP Kemendikbudristek 2022

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Standar Nasional Pendidikan (SNP) di Indonesia telah diatur dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 57 Tahun 2021 tentang Standar Nasional Pendidikan sebagaimana telah diubah dengan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 4 Tahun 2022 tentang Perubahan atas Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 57 Tahun 2021 tentang Standar Nasional Pendidikan. Standar Nasional Pendidikan merupakan kunci untuk mewujudkan sistem pendidikan yang bermutu.