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Oral microbial testing is a tool used to identify and diagnose types and amounts of microbes in the oral cavity. This works by collecting a sample, analyzing them in lab, and reporting which microbes are present. It is important to detect early signs of disease and understand the connection between oral health and overall health.

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Summary: Portable hand-held dental X-ray devices are convenient and useful in settings like surgery and home care, but their routine use is not recommended due to operator radiation exposure. Protective measures can reduce risk, but full safety is only achieved when used on a stand from a safe distance. Even low radiation doses may carry risks, so strict safety protocols and proper training are essential.

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Article 2: Comparison of Receptor use and Hand-Held Devices

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Article 2: Comparison of Receptor use and Hand-Held Devices

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Summary: This study evaluated the image quality of two portable hand-held dental X-ray devices (AnyRay1 and NOMAD1) compared to a standard wall-mounted unit, using two types of image receptors: phosphor storage plates (PSP) and CMOS sensors. Radiographs of dental samples were taken at different exposure settings and distances, and rated by expert and clinical observers. The results showed PSP produced a significantly better image quality than CMOS. Among devices, NOMAD1 performed better than AnyRay1, though MinRay1 still offered the highest image quality. The study supports the use of portable X-ray units but recommends optimal parameter settings for best results.

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Summary: Hand-held dental X-ray devices such as the NOMAD are portable options used when traditional units aren’t practical, such as in nursing homes, special care settings, or field camps. These devices offer convenience, safety features like internal lead shielding, and reduced radiation doses, especially when used with digital sensors. Proper training, protective equipment, and safety guidelines are key to protect both operators and patients from radiation exposure. This article supports the use of the NOMAD, but also states that prior to use revised risk assessments must be made to ensure safety for both the operator and patient.

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Advantages:

convenience/portability

cordless

fast

less radiation exposure when used poperly

built-in safety features

once operator is trained the device is fairly easy to use

patient comfort - operator is able to stay with patient during exposure

good quality images

Disadvantages:

operator exposure risk

need for training

not always the best option for all patients

limited battery life

easily contaminated

fairly heavy when operating

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The cost of the NOMAD varies, but from looking at a few on the internet, the prices range.

For a new NOMAD: prices range from $6500 to $9000

For a used NOMAD: prices range from $2000 to $5000

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The NOMAD is a handheld, portable X-ray device widely used in dentistry for capturing intraoral radiographs. Unlike traditional wall-mounted X-ray units, the NOMAD offers greater flexibility and mobility, making it ideal for use in mobile dental clinics, nursing homes, and emergency dental settings. It operates on battery power and features a compact, ergonomic design that simplifies positioning and enhances workflow efficiency. From the technology aspect, the NOMAD utilizes direct current (DC) X-ray generation to produce consistent, high-quality digital images. It is often used with digital sensors or photostimulable phosphor (PSP) plates, which allows quick imaging for reviewing. Built-in lead shielding and collimation ensure operator safety by minimizing radiation exposure, even during close-proximity use. Overall, the NOMAD is an advanced radiographic technology device that includes convenience and safety with proper training, which makes it a valuable tool when used in the correct situation in dentistry.

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Summary: The oral cavity contains many living organisms, mostly bacteria. Some of these can be grown in labs using special methods, while others are studied using DNA technology. There are also fungi, viruses, and a few protozoa in the mouth. These microbes live on different parts like teeth, tongue, and cheeks. Saliva carries many of them, but doesn't have its own fixed group. Some microbes can move around different parts of the mouth. Studying these organisms helps us understand oral diseases and health.

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Article 2: Exploring the Oral Microbiome

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Article 2: Exploring the Oral Microbiome

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Summary: The oral microbiome is the collection of microbes in the mouth. It helps keep the mouth healthy, but when it's out of balance, it can cause problems like cavities, gum disease, and oral cancer. New technology has helped scientists understand it better and Dentists from all specialties should know about the oral microbiome to improve prevention and treatment.

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Article 3: Community Composition, Influencing Factors, Pathogenisis, and Interventions

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Article 3: Community Composition, Influencing Factors, Pathogenisis, and Interventions

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Summary: The oral cavity hosts many types of microbe like bacteria and fungi which live in different areas and help maintain oral health. When this balance is disturbed, also known as dysbiosis, it can cause oral and systemic diseases. Modern research explores how these microbes interact, form biofilms, and how they can be targeted to treat disease.

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Advantages:

Early detection of disease

Personalized treatment

Monitors effectiveness of treatment

Insight into overall health

Non-invasive

Disadvantages:

High cost

Limited clinical use

Privacy Concerns

Variability in results

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Oral microbial tests range costs.

Basic at home (bacteria analysis, mailed kit, basic report): $100-$150

Mid-Range (deeper analysis, more bacteria, expert consults): $200-$350

High End/Clinical (in-office, fast results, clinical grade testing): $1,600-$2,000

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The oral microbiota plays a crucial role in our mouth and overall health. Find out what is it and what it’s analyzed

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OMNIgene ORAL :  user instructions for collection and stabilization of microbial DNA from saliva

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Article 1: Review of Oral Irrigations in Periodontal Therapy

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Article 1: Review of Oral Irrigations in Periodontal Therapy

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Summary: This review outlines the affect that periodontal disease has on the tissues that support your teeth which is typically caused by inflammation from bacteria. Good oral hygiene, including cleaning between the teeth, is key to preventing it. Traditional methods like floss and interdental brushes help, but water flossers (also called oral irrigators) have become a popular and effective option. These devices use a stream of water to remove plaque, food, and bacteria from between teeth and under the gums. These studies within the article support water flossers can reduce gum bleeding and inflammation better than traditional floss, especially for people with braces, implants, or gum disease. They come in different types, including portable and smart models, and can be even more effective when used with mouthwash or medicated solutions. While more research is still needed and there are some safety concerns, water flossers are generally a safe and helpful tool to improve gum health and keep your mouth clean.

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Article 2: Literature Review on Oral Irrigation Devices

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Article 2: Literature Review on Oral Irrigation Devices

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Summary: This review looked at how well oral irrigators work and supports how safe they are. It found that they are generally safe when used correctly and can help reduce gum inflammation. They may also change the types of bacteria in the mouth to support better gum health, even if they don’t completely remove plaque. However, the study brings up that using very high water pressure could harm soft tissues or cause bacteria to enter the bloodstream, so care is needed for people with certain health risks. The results on plaque removal were varied, some studies showed improvement, while others didn’t. Oral irrigators seem helpful when used along with brushing, but more research is needed, especially in children, people with special needs, and those with dental implants. They're also the only home tools that can reach deep into gum pockets to deliver cleaning solutions, which makes them a great tool for at home care. Overall, oral irrigators can be a useful part of daily oral care, but more research is needed to know exactly how helpful they are in different situations

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Article 3: The Safety/Efficiency behind Oral Irrigators

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Article 3: The Safety/Efficiency behind Oral Irrigators

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Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of oral irrigators with multiple water pressures in managing gingivitis and dental plaque over a 12 week timeline. Results showed that oral irrigators used with proper toothbrushing improved gingival health and reduced bleeding on probing compared to those who just brush. Improvements were more noticeable at 8 and 12 weeks, which supports the need for longer and consistent use to see the improving results. The study confirmed that oral irrigation can help with plaque buildup, sub gingival bacteria, and inflammation. However, more research is needed to compare oral irrigations with other interdental tools like floss as this is not a substitution. Overall, the study supports that oral irrigations are a safe and effective adjunct when used on top of brushing to improve periodontal health.

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Advantages

Improves gum health

Gentle on gums

Reaches deep pockets

great for hard to reach areas

Great for patients with limited dexterity

patients with arthritis or other conditions that do not allow for flossing with string floss

Efficient option for those with dental appliances

ortho, implants, etc.

More time efficient

Disadvantages

More expensive

Can be considered messy while using

Requires electricity as it is battery operated

Less portable

Not necessarily a substitution for string floss

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While there are many different types of oral irrigations here are a few prices:

Budget Friendly (Under $30): Basic but effective models with multiple pressure settings and a few tips included.

Mid-Range ($30–$80): These have more features like longer battery life, extra accessories, and adjustable pressure.

Premium ($80 and Above): Advanced models with specialized tips, larger water tanks, and extra technology to improve cleaning.

These can be found on Amazon and most stores that have an oral hygiene section available - including Target, Walmart, etc.

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Oral irrigators, also known as water flossers, are dental devices that use a stream of water to remove plaque, food debris, and bacteria from between the teeth and along the gum line. They operate by using a water stream that will effectively clean areas that traditional brushing and flossing may not reach. They are available in both countertop and portable models, and offer adjustable pressure settings to accommodate individual needs. These devices are particularly beneficial for individuals with orthodontic appliances, dental implants, crowns, or periodontal pockets, as they help achieve a more thorough cleaning in difficult areas. Clinical studies have shown that oral irrigators can significantly reduce gingival inflammation, bleeding, and plaque accumulation. Overall, they are a great option for patients who experience difficulty using traditional dental floss. Adding oral irrigators into a regular oral hygiene routine can improve gum health, prevent periodontal disease, and contribute to overall improved oral care.

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An intraoral scanner is a handheld digital device used to create a 3D image of a patient's teeth and surrounding structures. It captures detailed scans inside the mouth using light, replacing the need for traditional impression materials. The digital model can then be used for crowns, aligners, implants, and other dental treatments.

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Article 1: Advances in Intraoral Scanners

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Article 1: Advances in Intraoral Scanners

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Summary: This article outlines the how intraoral scanners play a huge role in advancing dentistry, treatment planning, and patient monitoring. They are widely used in orthodontics and improve clinical workflows and patient comfort. Despite their advantages, challenges remain in scanning edentulous areas, ensuring diagnostic accuracy, and integrating IOSs into large dental institutions. Future developments aim to improve cost effectiveness, software usability, and expand applications in dentistry, remote monitoring, and integration with robotic systems, highlighting IOSs' growing potential in personilized dental care.

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Article 2: Systemic Review on Intraoral Scanners

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Article 2: Systemic Review on Intraoral Scanners

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Summary: This systemic review supports the use of intraoral scanners have a promising approach that could be used in the fields of orthodontics and implantology, as well as in carious diagnostic fields, for structural evaluations, such as evaluation of dental erosion. While intraoral scanners are already established for caries detection, their effectiveness varies based on imaging methods, wavelengths, and the scanners designs. The article supports that more research is needed to validate that intraoral scanners are diagnostic compared to traditional methods. While ongoing technology advances suggest that intraoral could soon provide reliable, quantitative data for clinical decision-making, benefitting both clinicians and patients.

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Summary: This review outlines that intraoral scanners offer several advantages over conventional impressions, reduced chair time, elimination of plaster models, and improved communication with both technicians and patients. Intraoral scanners are accurate for single restorations and short-span bridges but are not yet reliable for long-span restorations. Limitations include challenges with deep margins, bleeding, a learning curve, and high costs. Clinical applications span prosthodontics, implantology, and orthodontics, with future potential in creating comprehensive "virtual patient" by integrating intraoral scanners with CBCT and facial scans. However, more systemic research is needed to confirm their full potential in clinical settings.

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Advantages:

Improved patient comfort

Efficient

High accuracy

Digital integration

Eco-friendly

Disadvantages:

High initial cost

Learning curve

Technology depenance

Limited use in some procedures

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Entry-level models: $10,000-$20,000

Mid-range models: $20,000-$35,000

High-end models: $35,000-$50,000

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Full-Arch Scanning Protocols | Fundamentals of Intraoral Scanning - Part 2

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Myofunctional therapy is a type of exercise-based therapy that focuses on improving the function of the tongue, lips, and other facial muscles. It's used to treat issues like mouth breathing, tongue thrust, sleep apnea, and speech or swallowing problems.

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Myofunctional therapy trains muscles in your mouth and face to move in ways that support eating, breathing and more. Learn how it might help you.

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Advantages:

non-invasive

improves breathing

supports orthodontic treatment

enhances speech and swallowing

Advantages:

requires consistency

progress can be slow

limited access

may not work alone

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Initial evaluation: $150-$450

Single therapy session: $90-$250

Programs/packages: $1,400-$3,000

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Tongue Exercise? Learn How Myofunctional Therapy May Help Sleep Apnea

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Myofunctional therapy exercises are movements that work the tongue muscle to strengthen the airway and relieve heartburn and obstructive sleep apnea.

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Article 1: Case Study on Myofunctional Therapy

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Article 1: Case Study on Myofunctional Therapy

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Summary: Myofunctional therapy can contribute to the correction of dental malocclusions by addressing and eliminating harmful oral habits. Improving tongue and lip resting postures supports healthy orofacial development and may reduce the duration of orthodontic treatment. This case study highlights the essential role that Certified Orofacial Myologists play in patient care, demonstrating the positive changes that can result from resolving multiple oral habits before starting orthodontic treatment. Early intervention with myofunctional therapy is crucial for guiding proper craniofacial growth and development.

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Article 2: Review on Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy in Tongue Thrust Habits

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Article 2: Review on Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy in Tongue Thrust Habits

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Summary: This review supports that orofacial myofunctional therapy plays an important role in managing tongue thrust and should be incorporated into the patient’s overall treatment plan. It helps the patient become aware of improper tongue posture, both at rest and during movement, and supports the development of functional tongue behavior.

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Article 3: Narrative Review on Myofunctional Therapy and How it Correlates with Tongue Ties

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Article 3: Narrative Review on Myofunctional Therapy and How it Correlates with Tongue Ties

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Summary: Parents and healthcare providers should recognize the harmful effects of tongue tie and the importance of addressing it early. In addition to surgical intervention, orofacial myofunctional therapy plays an important role. This review supports increased muscle activity and can help mitigate some of the complications associated with tongue tie, although it may not fully prevent reattachment. Like stated in the article above, this review also supports that it should be considered an essential component of a comprehensive treatment plan.

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Article 1: Oral Cancer Screening: Past, Present, and Future

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Article 1: Oral Cancer Screening: Past, Present, and Future

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This article connects to oral cancer screening devices by reviewing several adjunctive tools, including VELscope, ViziLite Plus, and the OralCDx BrushTest. It explains that these devices can make suspicious lesions more visible or help in assessing tissue changes, but they often lack the accuracy needed to distinguish between benign and malignant lesions. For instance, VELscope can aid in defining lesion margins but doesn’t reliably confirm cancer, and the BrushTest may produce false positives. The main takeaway is that while these devices can be helpful as supportive tools, they should not replace a thorough clinical exam and biopsy, which remains the gold standard for diagnosis.

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Article 2:  Evidence-based clinical recommendations

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Article 2:  Evidence-based clinical recommendations

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Summary: This article acknowledges the availability of multiple oral cancer screening devices, but stresses that evidence does not currently support their routine use over conventional clinical exams. They may have value in specific contexts (e.g., lesion margin assessment, patients unable to undergo biopsy), but biopsy remains the definitive diagnostic method.

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Summary: This article looks at light-based screening tools like ViziLite, MicroLux/DL, and VELscope. While they can make lesions easier to see and sometimes help in choosing biopsy sites, they aren’t always reliable. ViziLite often picks up benign lesions, and VELscope can’t really tell the difference between inflammation and cancerous changes. Overall, these devices can be helpful as add-ons, but a regular exam and biopsy are still the best way to diagnose oral cancer.

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Advantages:

non-invasive and painless

quick

supports proactive healthcare

identifies lesions that can not be seen clinically by the eye

Disadvantages

false positives

not able to definitively diagnose or differentiate lesions

cost barriers

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The average price range for a VELscope unit in the market typically falls between $5,000 and $10,000, depending on the specific model and features included.

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Oral cancer screening devices, like VELscope and OralID, use blue light to help dentists see areas in the mouth that might be cancerous or pre-cancerous. When the light shines on the tissues, healthy areas usually glow while abnormal spots look darker or different. This is a simple, non-invasive tool that can support a regular visual exam and may improve the chances of catching oral cancer early, when it’s easiest to treat.

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VELscope

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Artificial Inteligence, or AI, is the ability of computer systems to perform tasks that normally require human intelligence. These tasks include learning from data, recognizing patterns, making decisions, understanding language, and even interacting with humans.

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Article 1: Revolutionizing Dentistry With Artificial Intelligence

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Article 1: Revolutionizing Dentistry With Artificial Intelligence

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Summary: This article explains how artificial intelligence is changing dentistry by improving diagnosis, treatment planning, and patient care. AI can help detect issues like cavities, gum disease, and even oral cancer earlier, while also making implant placement and orthodontic planning more precise. It also supports patients through chatbots and virtual assistants and helps dental practices run more efficiently. Even though AI shows a lot of promise, challenges like data privacy and bias still need to be worked out. Overall, the article shows that AI has the potential to make dentistry more accurate, efficient, and patient friendly.

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Article 2: Advances and Future Applications

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Article 2: Advances and Future Applications

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Summary: This article focuses on how artificial intelligence is being used in dentistry to improve diagnosis, treatment, and patient care. AI can spot cavities, gum disease, and even oral cancers on dental images, while also helping with orthodontic planning, implants, and other treatments. It’s also being used for things like chatbots, scheduling, and even dental education. While AI has a lot of potential to make dentistry more accurate and efficient, the article also points out challenges like high costs, privacy issues, and the need for more research before it can be fully relied on in practice.

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Article 3: Advancements of AI in Dentistry

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Article 3: Advancements of AI in Dentistry

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Summary: This article talks about how artificial intelligence is being used in dentistry to improve many parts of patient care. AI can read x-rays and scans to find cavities, gum disease, and even oral cancers more accurately, and it also helps with treatment planning for things like braces, implants, and crowns. It’s being used in patient management through chatbots and scheduling tools, and even in dental schools to give students realistic practice. The article also points out that while AI has a lot of potential, issues like privacy, ethics, and standardization still need to be addressed before it can be fully relied on in everyday dentistry.

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Advantages:

efficiency

24/7 availibility

personalization

data processing

Disadvantages

job displacement

lack of human judgement

security risks

bias

high costs

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Basic Chatbox: $5,000-$15,000

AI-powered mobile app: $20,000-$100,000

Recommendarion engine: $40,000-$200,000

Computer vision system: $50,000-$300,000

Large language model: 1 million+

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Teledentistry is the use of digital communication technologie, such as video calls and digital imaging, to deliver dental care, education, and treatment planning remotely. It allows dental professionals to connect with patients who may not be able to visit in person.

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Article 1: Applications of Teledentistry

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Article 1: Applications of Teledentistry

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Summary: This article reviews how teledentistry uses telecommunications to share clinical data for remote diagnosis, consultation, and treatment planning. It highlights benefits like increased access to care, reduced costs, and improved specialist support, especially in rural areas. The paper also outlines key methods, technology needs, and its role in dental education and healthcare integration.

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Article 2: An Effective tool for Communication Improvement

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Article 2: An Effective tool for Communication Improvement

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Summary: The article highlights how teledentistry improves communication between dentists and patients by enabling remote consultations. It offers benefits like better access, cost and time savings, and convenience, especially during COVID-19. Successful use depends on strong patient relationships, secure technology, and clear understanding of its limits.

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Article 3: Barriers and Enablers to Implementing Teledentristry

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Article 3: Barriers and Enablers to Implementing Teledentristry

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Summary: This article outlines a systematic review protocol for identifying factors that help the implementation of teledentistry from the viewpoint of dental professionals. It plans to analyze quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods studies to understand challenges like technology adoption, training, workflow integration, and patient acceptance. The goal is to provide evidence-based insights to improve teledentistry uptake and effectiveness in dental practice.

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Advantages:

Improved access to care

Convienient

Cost-effective

Patient education

Disadvantages:

Limited physical examination

Technology barriers

Potential miscommunication

Privacy concerns

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Simple virtual consultation: $50-$75/visit

Membership: $50-$65/visit

Insurance covered virtual exam: $0

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A periodontal endoscope is a small camera device used by dentists and periodontists to see below the gumline during deep cleanings and periodontal treatments. It provides magnified, real-time images of root surfaces, calculus, and pockets, helping to detect and remove debris more precisely.

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Article 1: Endoscope vs. Conventional NSPT: A Pilot Comparison

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Article 1: Endoscope vs. Conventional NSPT: A Pilot Comparison

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Summary: This study compared nonsurgical periodontal therapy with and without the use of a periodontal endoscope. Both treatments improved patient outcomes like bleeding on probing, pocket depth, and attachment levels. However, using the endoscope did not show major advantages compared to regular nonsurgical therapy. In fact, conventional therapy sometimes showed slightly better results.

The endoscope did help dentists see and remove more subgingival calculus, but it took longer to complete treatment. Overall, the periodontal endoscope is helpful for visualizing deposits, but in this short term study, it didn’t lead to significantly better clinical results. It may be most useful in harder cases, such as deep pockets or maintenance therapy.

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Article 2: Periodontal Endoscope vs. Traditional Therapy: A Systematic Review

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Article 2: Periodontal Endoscope vs. Traditional Therapy: A Systematic Review

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Summary: This article reviewed studies on using a periodontal endoscope to treat residual periodontal pockets during Step 3 therapy. The results showed that endoscope-assisted debridement worked better than repeated root surface debridement, with greater pocket depth reduction, attachment gain, and more sites achieving pocket resolution at 6 months.

When compared with surgical flap procedures, the outcomes were similar, meaning the endoscope could be a less invasive alternative in some cases. Overall, the periodontal endoscope helps clinicians see and remove more calculus, especially in deeper pockets, but more research is needed to confirm its long term benefits.

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Summary: This study tested if using the Perioscope during scaling and root planing made treatment better than doing SRP alone. Both treatments helped reduce pocket depth and improve attachment.

The sites treated with the Perioscope had less bleeding and less gum inflammation, showing it helped with healing. But overall, the Perioscope did not make a big difference in pocket depth or attachment compared to regular SRP.

So, the periodontal endoscope can help clinicians see and remove calculus better and reduce gum bleeding, but its benefits in long term outcomes are still limited.

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Advantages:

Improved visualization

Minimally invasive

Precision

Better outcome

Patient education

Disadvantages:

Cost

Learning curve

Time consuming

Limited access

Technology dependent

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Buying a new Perioscope unit typically runs about US $2,500 to $3,000.

There are ongoing/recurring costs:
• Disposable sheaths (to protect the fiber-optic part & send water) cost just under US $50 each.
• The fiber itself (important component) costs over US $1,400, and lasts for about 50-70 uses.

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Orthodontic aligners are clear, removable trays that fit over your teeth and gradually straighten them. They're a popular alternative to braces because they’re invisible, more comfortable, and can be taken out for eating and cleaning. You typically switch to a new set of aligners every 1–2 weeks as your teeth move into place.

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Article 1: Current Perspectives for the Modern Office

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Article 1: Current Perspectives for the Modern Office

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Summary: This review explains how clear orthodontic aligners have become a major alternative to braces. It covers their history, design, effectiveness, benefits, and challenges, as well as digital technologies that improve treatment planning and outcomes in modern orthodontic offices.

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Summary: The review is saying that clear aligners are an effective and modern alternative to braces, especially for mild to moderate orthodontic problems. They are popular because they’re nearly invisible, removable, and more comfortable, but they’re not as reliable for very complex cases and only work if patients wear them consistently. The article also explains how they move teeth, their strengths and weaknesses, and how new technology like 3D printing and better materials will make them even more useful in the future.

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Article 3: Effects of Clear Aligners in Growing Patients

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Article 3: Effects of Clear Aligners in Growing Patients

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Summary: The review looked at how clear aligners work in kids and teens who are still growing. It found that aligners can straighten teeth, expand arches a little, and sometimes help with bite correction, but most of the changes come from moving teeth not from changing jaw growth. The review supports that aligners are less effective than traditional functional appliances for big skeletal changes. Overall, they work well for dental movements, but orthodontists should plan carefully, manage expectations, and may need to combine aligners with other devices.

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Advantages:

Aesthetic Appeal

Removeability

Comfort

Fewer Dietary Restrictions

Shorter Dental Visits

Improved Oral Hygiene

Disadvantages:

Disipline Required

Not suitable for all cases

Speech Impediment

Cost

Staining Risk

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In-Office Aligners (Invisalign): $3,000-$8,000

At-Home/Remote Aligners: $1,000-$3,500