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In the working class there were white and blue-collar workers, really workers of all types excluding the people who get their income from business ownership and the labor of others. The working class itself is employees who earn their money by a wage/salary based contracts. The reason why it exists is because some people have nothing to sell but their labor and skills. Karl Marx thought the working class were people who sell their work for wages, not owning their means of production. Marx claimed they were responsible for the wealth of a society. The term "working class" was used between 1750-1850. This class was developed during the industrial revolution, most were former peasants from cultures that took on localized folk culture.

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The new consumer culture was mainly within the middle class. This is a culture of consumers desperate for time-saving/leisure commodities. This new consumer culture was around the 1920's after WW1 all over North America. With all of the advances of technology, mass production, and new advertisements in the 1920's this is why consumerism boomed. Along with the rise of big businesses turned America into huge consumers.

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In Europe stock markets started to crash, investors started to sell off their American investments particularly railroads. Because of this stock market crash in Europe Jay Cooke and Company a banking firm who were heavily invested in railroad construction closed in September of 1873 causing the panic of 1873. This event was a major economic panic that swept across the nation. This economic upset took place in New York City after the collapse of Jay Cooke and Company.

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Scientific management was a theory that analyzed work flow to improve labor and economic efficiency. Frederick Winslow Taylor started this movement, him and is associates were the first people to study this work process. The research of this was in the 1880's and 1890's especially in manufacturing industries (Steel was peak of influence was in 1910's). This project originated in Philadelphia factories spreading rapidly changing popular conceptions of industrialized society. Taylor published a book in which he said that productivity would increase if jobs were organized and simple.

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The Knights of Labor was the first labor organization in the US. These men were founded as a secret society of tailors. They organized the skilled and unskilled workers and campaigned for 8 hours workdays and their goal was to form a society in which workers owned the industries in which they worked. This was founded in 1869, years after in 1886 they led a strike for better wages and treatment. The Knights of labor were originated from Philadelphia.

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The American Federation of Labors goals was to obtain the right to bargain collectively for wages, benefits, hours and better working conditions. The AFL was a national federation of labor unions in the US founded by Samuel Gompers. More specifically founded December 8th 1886, in Columbus Ohio. The people along with Samuel Gompers who founded the AFL were an alliance of craft unions who were eager to support each other and were disappointed by the Knights of Labor.