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The Big Four meet at the Paris Peace Conference. (U.S., Italy, France, Britain)

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Later, at the Treaty of Versailles, the four main Allied Powers (France, Britain, Italy and United States) met to discuss the limitations that will be set on Germany, because they believed they were at fault for the disastrous war. They hit Germany hard, forcing them to pay billions in reparations, give up all their colonies and restrict its military size. Because of this Germany's economy suffered from inflation and caused an extreme military group that would take rise in a few decades (Nazis).

The Mandate System was also created, forcing Germany and The Ottoman Empire to give control of their former territory to members of the League of Nations. This was done in hopes of restoring peace, as well as allowing for self-determination of governance.

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Soon after the war, world leaders agreed to setting limitations, in hopes of preventing a disastrous war again. Woodrow Wilson suggested his ideas to avoid tensions in a document called the Fourteen Points. Here, he stated that a League of Nations should be created, to discuss conflict openly before declaring war. He also stated that countries under Central Power control had the right to self-determination and to decide their own political fate. This led to the creation of many new nations including Latvia, Finland, Poland and much more.

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Many European countries went into "total war" mode, meaning they committed all possible resources to the war effort. Factories tirelessly produce weaponry, laborers were brought in from China to make up for the labor shortage, price controls and food rations were put into place, and anyone who spoke out against the war effort was put into prison

The media was a massive influence on the citizens of countries involved in the war. Propaganda and conveying false information to intended audiences was used to influence a community in their favor. This caused a great deal of hatred and bitterness to develop across borders.

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As a result of this new style of warfare, many new weapons/tactics were developed. The deadliest being poison gas. Made up of toxic chemicals such as chlorine, phosgene and mustard gas, poison gas would leave anyone touched by with long and painful effects. This led to the creation of the gas mask and eventually to the banning of poison gas in future wars.

Machine guns also had a deadly impact on the war. Being able to shoot 500 bullets every minute made gaining territory very difficult and was one of the reasons why the war couldn't be won for over four years.

War was also seen in water and in the sky due to the development of war submarines and airplanes equipped with machine guns and other weaponry. The introduction of these factors in the war is why marine and aerial combat is still a war tactic today.

On land, tanks were used to get across rough terrain whilst giving soldiers cover from enemy fire.

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In order to defend against enemy fire, both the Allies and Central Powers reverted to the use of trench warfare; digging incredibly long trenches for cover. Here, soldiers would sleep, eat and fight for months in incredibly unsanitary conditions. The cold, muddy and rat-infested environment led to countless deaths due to disease.

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Because Britain experienced the effects of patriotism firsthand in the American Revolutionary War, they believed that they would be able to install pride into their soldiers and gain more volunteers in the war effort. Thus, conscriptions were created where battalions were made up of men that already knew each other (Pals Battalions). This greatly increased the number of enlistments in the British army, as well as a sense of national pride across the country. Because of the increase in men who left their homes to go fight, women had to take their spot in factories and farms, which allowed them to gain more authority in society. The national pride even effected many women who joined the war effort as nurses. In Britain's colonies, many South Asian and Middle Eastern men agreed to help the Allies in the war because they were promised independence of victorious (which never happened, Britain is a liar!!!).

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Due to the competition for global domination, many European powers sought to improve their military to aid in consoling power. A great deal was spent to ameliorate their militaries, as well as the mass production of weaponry. Thus, the idea of militarism was devolved, devoted to the celebration of war and the armed forces.
Furthermore, the creation of alliances among European powers is what brought the war to a more global level. Russia agreed to aide Serbia with their fight against Austria-Hungary and Germany, being the outsider to most of the European powers, decided to join Austria-Hungary and their fight to remain in power. More powers began to declare war on each other, resulting in two distinct sides. France, Britain, Italy, The United States, Russia, Portugal, Romania, Greece and Serbia made up the Allied Powers. Fighting against the allies, were the Central Powers, composed of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire.
After the western imperialistic powers managed to gain most of African land, European countries began to fight for colonies, creating enemies as well as allies. Because of imperialism, the greed for land caused tensions to exceed containment and ultimately led to the assassination of Archduke Fran Ferdinand.
As a result of the Enlightenment, nationalism and cultural pride was seen in the hearts of many and sparked numerous revolutions in hopes to gain independence. Inspired by previous revolutions, Serbian nationalists revolted against Austro-Hungarian rule, as well as Arabs who protested being controlled by the Ottoman Empire.

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Arrest of Gavrilo Princip after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the heir to the Austria-Hungarian throne. 

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The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

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The Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

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The main catalyst for the declaration of war in 1914, was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary. Prior to the assassination, tensions rose between Serbia and Austria-Hungary, due to the increase in protest against Austro-Hungarian control in the Balkans. As a result, many nationalist groups developed, devoted to getting rid of Austria-Hungary's presence in the Balkans. Gavrilo Princip, an extreme member of one of these Serbian nationalist groups (The Black Hand) shot and killed Archduke Franz Ferdinand (the heir to the Austria-Hungarian throne) and his wife Sophie, as they were passing by in a carriage.