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Antikythera mechanism: First case of mechanical
programming.

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Pierre Jaquet-Droz builds "The Writer", an automaton capable of writing different letters with a pen.

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Jacquard Loom punch card system, which became the first known example of the binary system, which allowed the process of weaving patterns to be automated on looms.

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Ada Lovelace becomes the first computer programmer. She writes the first computer programs for the analytical engine.

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Alan Turing publishes the article: "On computable numbers, with an application to the Entscheidung problem", where he theoretically demonstrates that a "universal computing machine" (Turing machine) could calculate any mathematical calculation by providing it with the correct algorithm.

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Konrad Zuse became the first person to program an electrical computer that could perform the operation.

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The first female computer programmers were chosen to work on the ENIAC, the first general purpose electronic digital computer. Due to the lack of a programming language, they used external switches and dials to program the machine.

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American computer scientist Grace Hopper developed a system that could convert plain English into computer code. Creating then, the first programming language (COBOL)

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Bob Thomas designed the first computer virus

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Ray Tomlinson created the first antivirus software.