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Tunka Manin was a ruler of the Ghana Empire who reigned from 1062 to 1076 C.E. Manin maintained a large army of 200,000, and more than 40,000 were bowmen. He appointed several Muslims as ministers and allowed them to practice their religion freely, which contributed to peace and economic benefit for good relations and increased trade with the Muslim North.

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Emperor Sundiata took control of the trans-Saharan trade and set up Niani, his capital key trading and financial center. He focused on agriculture and transformed many of his soldiers, who no longer had to fight wars, into farmers. Mali established itself as one of the most affluent farming areas in West Africa.

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Mali's most illustrious and well-known emperor.

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By the time of Musa's death, he had made Mali twice the size of Ghana with a population of approximately ten million. What Mansa Musa is best known for is his famous hajj/pilgrimage to Mecca in 1324. He took 60,000 people with him, most soldiers, baggage men, and royal secretaries to record the trip. On that trip Musa generously gave out gold and brought the uprising of Education and massive growth to the development of African civilization.

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Possibly Sunni Ali Ber or Muhammad Toure/Askia Muhammad.

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Sunni (Sonni) Ali Ber/Muhammad Toure (1493-1529)

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Sunni (Sonni) Ali Ber/Muhammad Toure (1493-1529)

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Askia Muhammad built the largest empire in the history of West and Central Africa. Askia Muhammad also made a hajj to Mecca in 1495. He took 300,000 pieces of gold which he used for expenses, gifts and purchases. He was appointed Caliph of Western Sudan by the Sharif of Mecca, the spiritual ruler of all Islam. He was also responsible for massive intellectual achievement.

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Jebel Tarik sailed from Morocco to Spain and landed near a cliff named Jebel Tarik, the Rock or Mountain of Tarik. Tarik met and defeated Roderick, King of the Visigoths in Spain, at the battle of Xeres. Thus marked the beginning of Spain's golden age. The Moors brought Spain and Europe several gifts from African creativity and inventiveness, including agriculture, engineering, mining, industry, manufacturing, expanded commerce, professional architecture education, and scholarship.

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Queen Nzinga fought against the Portuguese and their expanding slave trade in Central Africa. She also orchestrated guerilla attacks on the Portuguese that would continue long after her death and inspired the successful 20th Century armed resistance against the Portuguese, resulting in independent Angola in 1975. (Pretty recent).

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Spanish artist vision of emperor, Menelik II

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Menelik had assembled 196,000 men in Addis Ababa. Over 50% of those men were armed with modern rifles. General Bartieri could only muster about 25,000 men and when he realized that he was outnumbered he retreated. The battle of Adwa saved Ethiopia from colonization by the Rome, but also raised the status of an African country to an equal partner in the world community.

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The defeat of the Ashantees by the British forces under the command of Coll. 

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There were five wars agains the Anglo-Ashanti Wars with the British. The first war was of the Anglo-Ashanti claiming territory that was not theirs. They were victories. The second war resulted in a stalemate due to illness taking both sides. The third resulted in the Ashanti signing a treaty. In the fourth and fifth wars, the British were bullying the Ashantess at this point, sending leaders into exile in the Seychelles Islands for both the fourth and fifth wars. The British controlled the Gold Coast until Ghana became independent in 1957.