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Recognition Networks: "What" of learning 

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Recognition Networks: "What" of learning 

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This refers to providing options for perception, language and symbols, and comprehension with the goal of creating learners who are scholarly and innovative.

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Information presented students should always be equally perceptible to all learners. This is to ensure total understanding for all students participating. According to UDL Guidelines, this means providing information in different ways and that will allow for adjustability by the user.

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Educators should provide both forms of representation: non-linguistic and linguistic. This is for those who many not be familiar with specific vocabulary or symbols they may not understand the meaning of. These inequalities arise when information is presented to all learners through a single form of representation. Providing means such as clarifying the meaning when needed or creating infographics for basic symbols.

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Comprehension refers to fostering skills such as selective attending, integrating new information with prior knowledge, strategic categorization, and active memorization within your students. In short, students should be able to transform accessible information into useable knowledge. This means that they have total understanding of the content and information that they are being presented.

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This refers to providing options for recruiting interests, sustaining effort and persistence, and self regulation with the goal of creating students who are determined and ambitious.

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According to the UDL Guidelines, recruiting interests centers on information that is not attended to, that does not engage learners’ cognition, is in fact inaccessible. This follows in fostering engagement from your students and creating meaningful learning experiences at the same time. Encouraging students to take risks and take initiative in their learning is recruiting interests.

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In basic terms, this refers to garnering your students attention and abiding their effort. To do this, educators must establish both self-regulation and self-determination skills by creating goals within the classroom as well as individual students, creating a community of learners, and guiding their learning.

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Self-regulation is the ability to understand and manage your behavior and your reactions to feelings and things happening around you. For students in a classroom this skill can arise in many ways; taking turns, listening to the teacher, and following instructions. It's important to remember that skills can be hard for students to foster on their own but it is essential in applying UDL guidelines. To do this educators should set goals and create activities that generates confidence within the student and teach them how their failures can help you learn as well as the proper emotional regulation techniques necessary.

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This refers to providing options for physical action, expression and communication, and executive functions with the goal of creating students who are well calculated and self-driven.

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Rather than using the traditional means of presenting information, textbooks and handwritten assignments, where creativity can be limited, the UDL guidelines recommends more interactive alternatives instead. This includes interacting with tools and environments that are stimulating but also accessible to all students.

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With expression and communication, it is essential to finding a balance of both and this balance is easily disrupted among each student's skills. It is important to provide alternative modalities for expression, both to the level the playing field among learners and to allow the learner to appropriately  express knowledge.

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Executive functions centers on the highest level of the human capacity to act skillfully. This refers to a students impulse control, short-term reactions, set long term goals, create strategies to carry out these objectives, and control of their individual process.

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Language and Symbols easily translated for students who need more understanding.

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Free text to speech Text-to-Speech Why consider Text-to-speech (TTS)? Two reasons - 1. It is essential for struggling readers; when text is digital it is now accessible and removes decoding issues. 2. it supports the writing process, especially when editing and revising work Mobile Devices iOS

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Audio books for all students can support fluency, expression, and comprehension.

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Audio books are a great way to increase access in your classroom. Providing a selection of audio books for all students can support fluency, expression, and comprehension.

- a free subscription is provided with proof of a print disability

- Audio books in the public domain with human narration

Signed Stories- free audio books designed for elementary readers that are also signed

60 Second Recap- a 60-second audio/video presentation of classic works of literature. Mute the Ad that plays as soon as you open the link and scroll below that to access a number of videos recapping classic works.

Online Audio Stories- a collection of elementary audio books

Storyline Online - online stories read by Screen Actors Guild members.

The Mother Goose Club has a number of rhymes and songs that provide audio support for the text.

Learn Out Loud - over 2000 free audio and video titles including books, lectures, speeches and interviews.

- free online book library with over 8,000 titles that can be read using any free text reader (tested with Natural Reader).

Nook Online StoryTime - A list of online stories read by the authors (remember to turn on Closed Captioning)

Project Gutenberg- Text of books in the public domain, also available for mobile devices. Attach text-to-speech and can convert to MP3 format

- classic literature in video format, syncs human voiced audio with text. Check out their YouTube Channel.

- an online collection of stories and poems in MP3 format

CAST UDL Bookbuilder- Interactive book maker and reader

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AudioBooks Audio books are a great way to increase access in your classroom. Providing a selection of audio books for all students can support fluency, expression, and comprehension. Bookshare- a free subscription is provided with proof of a print disability Librivox - Audio books in the

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Brain Storming and Organizing Tool good for visual thinkers/learners, EASY to use, very simple, customizable features, sharing capabilities.

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Benefits of Bubbl.us mind maps over text:

Superior clarity of structured information

Whether it's a family tree, a decision flow map, or an algorithm, mind maps have a huge advantage in presenting complexity clearly and concisely.

Better retention of complex ideas.

Visualizing complex ideas in shapes, lines, and pictures leads to much better recollection later than simple text.

Creative collaboration with others.

Visual brainstorming with a team can dramatically improve the quality of the final product because of diversity of perspectives and experiences.

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Bubbl.us - Create Mind Maps | Collaborate and Present Ideas

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Mind map and brainstorm online with Bubbl.us! Create colorful mind maps to print or share with others. Millions of people are using Bubbl.us worldwide to generate ideas, map out processes and create presentations.

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A decision-making tool to guide the use of accessible instructional materials for individual students.

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1. Home

2. Acquire

3. Decision-Making & Accessible Formats

Special education and civil rights laws guarantee access to education and employment opportunities for individuals with disabilities. As a result, states, school districts, universities, and career training agencies are obligated to provide accessible formats to individuals with disabilities who need them.

What actions need to be taken so that learners who need accessible formats receive them in a timely manner? Whether a learner is in PreK-12, higher education, or career training, the process is multi-step:

1. Determine the learner's need: Does the learner have difficulty reading or accessing text-based materials? Common reasons for needing accessible formats include blindness or vision impairment, physical disabilities, and learning disabilities.

2. Select the accessible format(s) needed: If a need is determined, what is the accessible format or multiple formats that the learner can use? Examples of accessible formats include braille, large print, tactile graphics, audio, and digital text conforming to accessibility standards.

3. Acquire materials in the accessible format(s) needed: A variety of sources of accessible formats exist for learners in PreK-12 through postsecondary environments. They vary in the kinds of accessible formats offered and whether copyright restrictions apply.

4. Provide supports needed for learners to effectively use accessible formats: Supports include the training, instructional strategies, and potential accommodations that will enable learners to use accessible formats to accomplish their learning goals.

Related Resources

The purpose of this brief is to help families and educators understand the right of students with disabilities who need accessible educational materials to receive these materials in a timely manner.

J. Karger
2021

Because of the frequent barriers presented by text-based materials, some learners with disabilities need alternative forms, known as accessible formats.

Use the AEM Navigator to make informed, accurate decisions about the acquisition of accessible formats for students who need them.

AEM Center at CAST
2021

Top of Page

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Decision-Making & Accessible Formats - AEM Center

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Home Acquire Decision-Making & Accessible Formats Special education and civil rights laws guarantee access to education and employment opportunities for individuals with disabilities. As a result, states, school districts, universities, and career training agencies are obligated to provide accessible formats to individuals with disabilities who need them.

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Allows the user to create interactive web-based study flash cards.

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A free service for creating web-based study flashcards that can be shared with others.

With over 126 million flash cards created to-date, Flashcard Machine is your premier online study tool.

Register a Free Account Sign In

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Flashcard Machine - Create, Study and Share Online Flash Cards

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A free service for creating web-based study flashcards that can be shared with others. With over 126 million flash cards created to-date, Flashcard Machine is your premier online study tool. Register a Free Account Sign In

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Students can create a talking picture in second for sharing their thoughts about something they created.

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We're sorry to say that Fotobabble is on permanent hiatus. Thanks for your support over the years!​