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birth date:unknown

Death December 16th 1673

Achievements

-has 12 publishes under her name when women were not allowed to do that

-her first book the blazing world falls into the science fiction genre and is one of the first

Hardships

-many would credit of work under Mary shelley as the inventor as science fiction even tho Margaret made it

Flavor text

-she was the youngest of 4 sisters and 3 brothers

-when she was a teenager she bécame a attendent to queen Henrietta and Travaled with her to exille france

-she bécame the second wife too William cavendish

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Margeret Cavendish was a pioneering english writer, philosopher, and scientist during a period of political and intellectual change. She was one of the first women to publish works on natural philosophy under her own name, a bold act that challenged the gender war o

f her time.

Her achievements being

Wrote one of the earliest works of science fiction

Published prolifically under her own name

Became the first woman to visit the Royal Society

Hardships were the civil war, people believing that women dont have a brain made for thinking, and financial difficulties.

Flavor text was that she was one of Voltaires girlfriend.

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March 1750 – 9 January 1848) was a German astronomer, whose most significant contributions to astronomy were the discoveries of several comets, including the periodic comet 35P/Herschel–Rigollet, which bears her name. She was the younger sister of astronomer William Herschel, with whom she worked throughout her career.

She was the first woman to receive a salary as a scientist and the first woman in England to hold a government position.She was also the first woman to publish scientific findings in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, to be awarded a Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1828), and to be named an honorary Member of the Royal Astronomical Society (1835, with Mary Somerville). She was named an honorary member of the Royal Irish Academy (1838). The King of Prussia presented her with a Gold Medal for Science on the occasion of her 96th birthday (1846). Caroline Lucretia Herschel was born in the town of Hanover Germany on 16 March 1750. She was the eighth child and fourth daughter of Isaac Herschel (1707–1767), a self-taught oboist, and his wife, Anna Ilse Moritzen (1710–1789). The Herschel family originated from Pirna in Saxony, near Dresden. Isaak became a bandmaster in the Hanoverian Foot Guards, whom he first joined in 1731, and was away with his regiment for substantial periods. He became ill after the Battle of Dettingen (in the War of the Austrian Succession) in 1743 and never recovered fully; he suffered a weak constitution, chronic pain, and asthma for the remainder of his life. At the age of ten Caroline was struck with a severe case of typhus, which so stunted her growth that she never grew more than 4 feet 3 inches (1.30 m) tall;she also lost vision in her left eye as a result of the illness. Her family assumed that she would never marry and her mother thought better that she train to be a house servant than be educated in accordance with her father's wishes. However, her father sometimes took advantage of her mother's absence by tutoring her individually, or including her in her brother's lessons, such as violin. Caroline was briefly allowed to learn dress-making. Though she learned to do needlework from a neighbour, her efforts were stymied by long hours of household chores. To prevent her from becoming a governess and earning her independence that way, she was forbidden to learn French or more advanced needlework than what she could pick up from neighbours. Following her father's death, her brothers William and Alexander proposed that she join them in Bath, England, to have a trial period as a singer for musician brother William's church performances. Caroline eventually left Hanover on 15 August 1772 after her brothers intervened with their recalcitrant mother. On the journey to England, she was first introduced to astronomy by way of the constellations and opticians' shops.

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She was the first women to discover to discover a comet

She was Well recorded at the time

Rewarded by king Georgie

Born in hanerover German march 16 1750- January 9 1848

Her mother said she should stay home and Walsh and clean

Contributions to her brother, her tourer in math, he discover the planet Uranus

Achievements:

Performed as a singer

Grinding and Polished mirrors

Executing calculations

Made Astronmical discoveries

First Professional Female astronomer

Discovered the first comet, 35P/Herschel-Rigollet

Cataloged 2500 nebulae and star clusters

Recieved gold medal for unpublished revision and reorganization

Hardships:

Her brother took a lot of the credit for her discoveries

Caroline lived until 97

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She was born in 1623, she was the youngest in the family, she had 3 sister and 3 brothers. As a teenager, she became an attendant on Queen Henrietta Maria and traveled with her into exile in France. living for a time at the court of the young King Louis XIV. She became the second wife of William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne in 1645. Cavendish, as a poet, philosopher, writer of prose romances, essayist, and playwright, published under her own name at a time when most women writers remained anonymous.

At his career she achieved many things she was a prolific writer, publishing over 12 original texts under her name at a time when women were largely removed from publishing. Her book The Blazing World is one of the first to fall into the science fiction genre. She was one of the first famous woman authors in Europe.

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Mary was born December 26, 1780

ACHIEVEMENTS:

-Has a Ship named after her.

-Mayor of Somerville

-“Queen of science”

-Wrote “on the connexion of physical sciences”

-Victorian Englands most famous scientific author.

HARDSHIPS:

-She went through social pressure to make sure women reached their full potential.

-she was excluded from universities, scholarly societies and laboratories.

Flavor text.

-She was the first person to ever use the term sciences

Made by Ella nafey and Drew monacelli

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Bio- Caroline Herschel was born in Germany on 16 March 1750 – 9 January 1848 She is the younger sister of astronomer Willam Herschel and worked together through there career.And her mother secretly tutored her for education.

Achievements-She was the first women to discover a comet. She was so recognized during her time that King George III rewarded her with a scientific salary. In 1846 she got the Prussian Gold Medal for science. Also she help her brother to make the telescope. She also made a index about stars.

Hardships-she overcame neglected during childhood and social limitations because she was a women. Also her mother forced her to act like a servant. Also her brother Willam Herschel did not pay her for her work

Flavor Text-Before her astronomy career she was a famous singer but she left it to help her brother. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caroline_Herschel

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Anne Conway was an English philosopher born on December 14 1631 and died on February 23 1679. She suffered from crippling headaches her whole life. She influence the work of Gottfried Leibniz. She took advantage of wealthy but largely absent husband, converting her remonte country mansion to an intellectual powerhouse that attracted some of Britain’s most eminent thinkers. Her possible lover was a Cambridge philosopher Henry more. He and Anne Conway were both geniuses who worked together. Leibniz freely acknowledged Conway’s influence, publicly praising her brilliance and commenting on how closely his views approached her own. She had to bear and experience almost constant chronic pain through out her life.

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Anne Conway by Logan Sweeney And Adway Vaidya

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Anne Conway by Logan Sweeney And Adway Vaidya

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Bio:

1. She lived from December 1631 - February 1679

2. She was an English philosopher from the 17th century

3. She was the youngest child.

4. Her father died a week before her birth

5. Her spouse was Edward Conway

6. They lived in the Kensington Palace

7. She was very wealthy

8. Edward died of smallpox she also contracted it but lived

9. She wrote dozens of letters to her father in law

10. She was treated like a goddess from other philosophers

11. She suffered a lot of severe headaches

Achieve:

1. She published the influential treatise The principals of the most Ancient and modern philosophers.

Hardships:

1. She experienced lifelong chronic pain.

2. Mercury poisoning

3. Gender discrimination

4. Loss of a child

5. Suffered with migraines at age 12.

Flavor text:

1. She didn’t have any crazy stuff going on.

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She was born in January 20 1758 and died on February 10 of 1836

-Marie Paulze was 13 years old when she had to get married to the wealthy French lawyer Antoine Lavoisier.

-She had to immediately start learn English so she could act as the scientific for his true passion.

-She was doing everything for her husband and got zero credit for it.

-Worked to fund and promote the discoveries of her husband.

-She included her own critical commentaries in her published translations of books and articles

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she was a well recognized German astronomer and the first women to discover a commit. Her own mother was her enemy. Carolines mother would constantly tell her to stay home to wash and clean. Caroline was constant hard on herself with her intrist aspecaly with her mother’s strong opinion. When Caroline dissidents to join her brother William they discovered Uranus and William enlisted her in collaborate on his astrological projects. Every night they recorded their observations even in harsh weather conditions. Caroline would convert numbers into places on the map.

-Caroline cerniglia

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Born:December 14, 1631

Died:February 23, 1679

Influenced the work of Gottfried Leibniz (German philosopher and mathematician)

She converted her mansion intellectual powerhouse (She took advantage of her absent wealthy husband)

She dealt with a lifelong suffer from crippling headaches. Chronic pain was her daily nightmare but Thomas Willis used her as inspiration for his neurolgical studies.

She’s self taught

Mentored by the Cambridge Platonist Henry More

By: Melany Guzman and Daiwik Endal

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She was an English philosopher and influenced Gottfried Leibniz. She took advantage of her wealthy husband's absence, and she converted their mansion to an intellectual learning house. She suffered crippling headaches lifelong, and it was her worst nightmare, but also her Philosophical inspiration. The brain doctor she went to used it for his experiments.

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Anne Conway (also known as Viscountess Conway; née Finch; 14 December 1631 - 23 February 1679[2]) was an English philosopher whose work, in the tradition of the Cambridge Platonists, was an influence on Gottfried Leibniz. Conway's thought is a deeply original form of rationalist philosophy, with hallmarks of gynocentric concerns and patterns that lead some to think of it as unique among seventeenth-century systems.[3]

Anne Finch was born to Sir Heneage Finch (who had held the posts of the Recorder of London and Speaker of the House of Commons under Charles I) and his second wife, Elizabeth (daughter of William Cradock of Staffordshire). Her father died the week before her birth. She was the youngest child.[4] Her early education was by tutors and included Latin, to which she later added Greek and Hebrew. Her half-brother, John Finch, who encouraged her interests in philosophy and theology, introduced Anne to the Cambridge Platonist Henry More, who was one of John's tutors at Christ's College, Cambridge. This led to a lifelong correspondence and close friendship between them on the subject of René Descartes' philosophy, over the course of which Anne grew from More's informal pupil to his intellectual equal. More said of her that he had "scarce ever met with any Person, Man or Woman, of better Natural parts than Lady Conway" (quoted in Richard Ward's The Life of Henry More (1710) p. 193), and that "in the knowledge of things as well Natural and Divine, you have not onely out-gone all of your own Sex, but even of that other also."[5] Conway grew up in the house now known as Kensington Palace, which her family owned at the time.[4]

In 1651, she married Edward Conway, later 1st Earl of Conway, and in the following year More dedicated his book Antidote against Atheism to her. In 1658, Anne gave birth to her only child, Heneage Edward Conway, who died of smallpox just two years later.[6] Her husband was also interested in philosophy and had himself been tutored by More, but she went far beyond him in both the depth of her thought and the variety of her interests. She became interested in the Lurianic Kabbalah, and then in Quakerism, to which she converted in 1677. In England at that time the Quakers were generally disliked and feared, and suffered persecution and even imprisonment. Conway's decision to convert, to make her house a centre for Quaker activity, and to proselytise actively was thus particularly bold and courageous.[citation needed ]

Her life from the age of twelve (when she suffered a period of fever) was marked by the recurrence of severe migraines. These meant that she was often incapacitated by pain, and she spent much time under medical supervision and searching for a cure (at one point even having her jugular veins opened). She had medical advice from Dr. Thomas Willis.[7] Conway was famously treated by many of the great physicians of her time, but none of the treatments had any effect.[8] She died in 1679 at the age of forty-seven.

The Principles of the Most Ancient and Modern Philosophy

The text itself was probably written in 1677 and shows the influence of Franciscus Mercurius van Helmont.[9] The text was first published in Latin translation by van Helmont in Amsterdam in 1690 as Principia philosophiae antiquissimae et recentissimae. An English retranslation appeared in 1692.[10] The Principles develops Conway's monistic view of the world as created from one substance. Conway is critical of the Cartesian idea that bodies are constituted of dead matter, of Henry More's concept of the soul in his Antidote Against Atheism, and of dualist theories of the relationship between the body and spirit.[11]

The principles of the most ancient and modern philosophy (London: n. publ., 1692) 168 pp. in 12°. - originally printed in Latin: Principia philosophiae antiquissimae et recentissimae de Deo, Christo & Creatura, Amsterdam: M. Brown 1690.

Letters. The Correspondence of Anne, Viscountess Conway, Henry More and their friends, 1642-1684, ed. M. H. Nicolson (London 1930) 517 pp.

Collaborations with Franciscus Mercurius van Helmont (1614-1698)

A Cabbalistical Dialogue (1682) (in Christian Knorr von Rosenroth, Kabbala denudata, 1677-1684)

Two Hundred Quiries moderately propounded concerning the Doctrine of the Revolution of Humane Souls (1684).

1. ^ "Conway (1631-1679)". Project Vox.

2. ^ Hutton, Sarah (2009). "Death". Anne Conway : a woman philosopher. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. p. 215. ISBN 9780521109819. OCLC 909355784.

3. ^ Jane Duran (2006). Eight Women Philosophers: Theory, Politics, And Feminism. University of Illinois Press. p. 73. ISBN 978-0-252-03022-2.

4. ^ a Ablondi, Fred (1 January 2014). Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). "Géraud de Cordemoy" (Fall 2014 ed.).b

5. ^ Broad, Jacqueline (2002). Women philosophers of the seventeenth century. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-511-04237-X. OCLC 56208440.[page needed ]

6. ^ Hutton, Sarah (2004). Anne Conway : A Woman Philosopher. Cambridge University Press. p. 32. ISBN 9780521835473. OCLC 76904888.

7. ^ Carol Wayne White, The Legacy of Anne Conway (1631-1679): Reverberations from a Mystical Naturalism (2008), p. 6.

8. ^ Owen, Gilbert Roy (1937). "The Famous Case of Lady Anne Conway". Annals of Medical History. 9 (6): 567-571. PMC 7942846. PMID 33943893.[page needed ]

9. ^ Merchant, Carolyn (1986). "Quaker and Philosopher" (PDF). Guildford Review (23): 2-13.

10. ^ Derksen, Louise D. "20th WCP: Anne Conway's Critique of Cartesian Dualism". www.bu.edu.

11. ^ Broad, Jacqueline (13 August 2007). Women Philosophers of the Seventeenth Century, pg. 66-67. ISBN 9780521039178.

Broad, Jacqueline. Women Philosophers of the Seventeenth Century. Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 2002.

Brown, Stuart. "Leibniz and Henry More's Cabbalistic Circle", in S. Hutton (ed.) Henry More (1614-1687): Tercentenary Studies, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1990.(Challenges the view that Conway influenced Leibniz.)

Duran, Jane. "Anne Viscountess Conway: a Seventeenth-Century Rationalist". Hypatia: a Journal of Feminist Philosophy. 4 (1989): 64-79.

Frankel, Lois. "Anne Finch, Viscountess Conway," Mary Ellen Waithe, ed., A History of Women Philosophers, Vol. 3, Kluwer, 1991, pp. 41-58.

Gabbey, Alan. "Anne Conway et Henry More: lettres sur Descartes" (Archives de Philosophie 40, pp. 379-404)

Head, Jonathan (2021). The Philosophy of Anne Conway: God, Creation and the Nature of Time. London: Bloomsbury. ISBN 978-1-350-13452-2.

Hutton, Sarah. "Conway, Anne (c.1630-79)", 1998, doi:10.4324/9780415249126-DA021-1. Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Taylor and Francis, .

Hutton, Sarah, "Lady Anne Conway", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2008 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.).

Hutton, Sarah. Anne Conway, a Woman Philosopher. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 2004.

Hutton, Sarah (1970-1980). "Conway, Anne". Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Vol. 20. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 171-172. ISBN 978-0-684-10114-9.

King, Peter J. One Hundred Philosophers (New York: Barron's, 2004) ISBN 0-7641-2791-8

Lascano, Marcy P. "Anne Conway: Bodies in the Spiritual World"; Philosophy Compass 8.4 (2013):327-336.

Merchant, Carolyn, "The Vitalism of Anne Conway: its Impact on Leibniz's Concept of the Monad" (Journal of the History of Philosophy 17, 1979, pp. 255-269) (Argues that Conway influenced Leibniz by showing parallels between Leibniz and Conway.)

Mercer, Christia. "Platonism in Early Modern Natural Philosophy: The Case of Leibniz and Conway", in Neoplatonism and the Philosophy of Nature, James Wilberding and Christoph Horn, ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012, 103-26.

Bernet, Claus (2004). "Anne Conway (philosopher)". In Bautz, Traugott (ed.). Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL) (in German). Vol. 23. Nordhausen: Bautz. cols. 232-239. ISBN 3-88309-155-3.

White,Carol Wayne. The Legacy of Anne Conway (1631-1679): Reverberations from a Mystical Naturalism (State University of New York Press, 2009)

Quotations related to Anne Conway at Wikiquote

Conway (1631-1679) - Anne Conway, Viscountess Conway and Killultagh encyclopedic article at Project Vox.

Hutton, Sarah. "Lady Anne Conway". In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.

Works by Anne Conway at Open Library

Contains "The principles of the most ancient and modern philosophy", slightly modified for easier reading

The principles of the most ancient and modern philosophy by Anne Conway (London: n. publ., 1692) at A Celebration of Women Writers

Peter King's page

William Uzgalis' page

What Kind of Monist is Anne Finch Conway? Jessica Gordon-Roth, Journal of the American Philosophical Association, Volume 4, Issue, Fall 2018, pp. 280-297

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Toggle the table of contents From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Anne Conway (also known as Viscountess Conway; née Finch; 14 December 1631 - 23 February 1679[2] ) was an English philosopher whose work, in the tradition of the Cambridge Platonists, was an influence on Gottfried Leibniz.