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January 1692: The First Accusations Begin

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January 1692: The First Accusations Begin

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The Salem Witch Trials began when two young girls, 9-year-old Betty Parris and 11-year-old Abigail Williams, began experiencing strange fits and behaviors. They complained of being pinched, pricked with pins, and having mysterious feelings. The local doctor, William Griggs, claimed they were under the influence of witchcraft.

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The first three people accused of witchcraft were Sarah Good, Sarah Osborne, and Tituba (a Native American slave). Tituba confessed to practicing witchcraft and claimed there were other witches in Salem, which fueled more accusations.

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The hysteria began to spread throughout Salem Village and nearby towns. More people were accused, including respected community members. Martha Corey, a faithful church member, was arrested, showing that no one was safe from accusations.

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By this time, dozens of people were imprisoned on witchcraft charges. The local jails became overcrowded, and prisoners had to pay for their own food and chains while imprisoned.

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Governor Sir William Phips established the Court of Oyer and Terminer to hear witchcraft cases. This special court would use 'spectral evidence' (testimony about dreams and visions) as acceptable evidence in trials.

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Bridget Bishop became the first person executed during the Salem Witch Trials. She was hanged on Gallows Hill. Bishop was a successful tavern owner who didn't fit the Puritan ideal, making her an easy target for accusations.

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The trials reached their peak during these months. Multiple hangings took place, including those of five people on August 19th. Among them was John Proctor, whose story would later inspire Arthur Miller's play 'The Crucible.'

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The last group of accused witches was hanged. Eight people were executed on this day, bringing the total number of executed to 19. Giles Corey was also pressed to death with heavy stones for refusing to enter a plea days earlier.

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People began to question the use of spectral evidence in trials. Influential ministers, including Increase Mather, spoke out against the trials. Governor Phips prohibited further arrests and released many accused witches.

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Governor Phips ordered the release of all remaining accused witches from prison. By the end of the trials, more than 200 people had been accused, and 19 were hanged. The colonial government later admitted the trials were a terrible mistake.