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Start by winning over the audience, get them to like you through your shared values, good sense, and concern for their interest. Make them identify with you.

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Delivery. Here you actually act, in both the theatrical and active senses. Think about your voice - are you loud and confident enough for the room? - and gesture. Cicero included the eyes (both eye contact and expression) as an aspect of gesture. A confident voice and expressions that start with the eyes: those are the chief secrets of actio.

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Arrangement: Rule of Thumb- Ethos, Logos, and Pathos. In this order.

Introduction/Exordium: The ethos part

Narration: This is the Logos

Division: List the points where you and the partner agree and where you disagree.

Proof: This is the part of the actual argument.

Refutation: Destroy your opponent’s arguments.

Conclusion: Restate

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Proper language- words that suit the occasion and my audience.

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Memory: This is the canon that is hardest to adapt to modern speech making. The ancients started their students on memory drills when they were small children, and as adults they constructed “memory villas” and filled the rooms with topics (think Sherlock’s mind palace). In modern day, we typically use powerpoint in order to achieve this.

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Style. The five virtues of style are proper language, clearness, vividness, decorum, and ornament.

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Division. List the points where you and your opponent agree and where you disagree.
Division can actually help your ethos, if your use the reluctant conclusion:when the audience seems against you, pretend that your came to your decision reluctantly.

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Division - List the points where you and your opponent agree and where you disagree. This is where you get into definitions as well. It’s a biological issue. It’s an ethical issue. It’s a rights issue. It’s a practical issue (what benefits our society the most?). It’s a fairness issue.

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To make a speech, you should use the order of invention, arrangement, style, memory, and delivery. First, invent what you intend to say. Then decide what order you want to say it in, determine how you’ll suit it to your particular audience, and put it all down in your brain or on your computer; finally, get up and wow your audience.

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The ideal voice has volume, stability, and flexibility.

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Modest name-dropping is referring to a respectable source so someone is aware of your knowledge, and then you coyly cover it up by asking who are you to question their authority.

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Cicero's 5: invention, arrangement, style memory, and delivery.

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Volume is projecting, sustainability is talking for long periods of time and avoiding speaking shrilly, and flexibility is varying your tone according to occasion