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Vocabulary knowledge is the most important factor contributing to reading comprehension - Laflamme, 1997. Vocabulary is essential to improve reading, there is evidence that indicates vocabulary also works to improve reading comprehension, since knowing a diversity of meanings is makes it easier to understand what he says in reading.

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Children with various disabilities vocabulary is very important, but for this to be learned by the teacher must provide:

* Explicit, clear and concise instructions
* Explaining repeatedly the new word
* Opportunities in which you use the new word so you can become familiar with it.

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To start any vocabulary must have the pre-teaching of the meanings, so that they have basic knowledge to understand the main concepts of the text that students will be reading.

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It is a process to acquire new words to use in everyday life, and to be the basis for learning a new language. Vocabulary development focuses on helping students learn the meaning of new words and the different meanings according to the context of writing. For students to develop vocabulary it is important to teach strategies to learn the meanings of words independently.

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The Importance of Vocabulary for Students with Learning Disabilities

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The Importance of Vocabulary for Students with Learning Disabilities

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* Students with learning disabilities struggle with reading comprehension because they do not possess the oral vocabulary which is a requirement for reading comprehension,

* For the relationship between the knowledge of vocabulary and the compression of reading is necessary for students to understand the meaning of the words they read.

* Students with reading disabilities read less because of their condition, making it more difficult for them to acquire a new vocabulary and understand the texts.

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The following four steps are recommended in teaching new vocabulary words to be described in more detail in                                                                                                                        .this fact sheet.                                                                                                                 It is important for teachers to ensure that their students:

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The following four steps are recommended in teaching new vocabulary words to be described in more detail in                                                                                                                        .this fact sheet.                                                                                                                 It is important for teachers to ensure that their students:

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1. Listen to your teacher explicitly give a definition known to the student and then see their model of how the vocabulary term is used (explicit instruction to use the vocabulary word correctly).

2. Look for opportunities for the student to use the new vocabulary, if the teacher is present to see that he uses the word correctly and give a correction of it.

3. They are given many opportunities to clarify and improve meaning, students help and teach how to use the word well. Oral language is used to communicate meaning in different contexts (collaborative learning).

4. Practice the use of the term in independent reading, writing, discussion and evaluation (Independent: Doing it alone).

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Research-based vocabulary instruction routine for use with students with learning disabilities

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Research-based vocabulary instruction routine for use with students with learning disabilities

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Marzano (2004) developed a six-step process to teach vocabulary to students of all ages. These same procedures can be used frequently with all students of different abilities in all content areas. Effective techniques for using these six steps follow the description of Marzano's six-step vocabulary teaching process.

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Step 1: Explain: Provide a description, explanation or example of the new term.

Step 2: Repeat-Ask students to rephrase description, explanation, or example in their own words.

Step 3: Show-Ask students to construct an image, symbol, or graphical representation of the term.

Step 4: Discuss-Involve students through time in vocabulary discussions that help them add to their knowledge of the terms in their vocabulary notebooks.

Step 5: Refine and Reflect - Periodically, have students return to their notebooks to discuss and refine the entries.

Step 6: Apply in Learning Games-Involve students periodically in games that allow them to play with new terms.

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What are some effective vocabulary instruction strategies that can be used before, during and after reading?

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What are some effective vocabulary instruction strategies that can be used before, during and after reading?

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• Use explicit instruction to teach previously important words unknown in the text that help build the background knowledge, and those words that are critical for students to understand what they are reading.

• Help students report new vocabulary to their previous knowledge and experience, as well as read the text above.

• Ask students to use mapping techniques such as Semantic Mapping, Model Frayer, and other graphic organizers to help them think of other words that share the same meanings or have the same roots.

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• Expand the meanings of words that were defined in the textbook in context to ensure students understand these new words.

• Ask students to add new words and concepts to their semantic maps and graphic organizers that they started before reading.

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• Ask students to use their own words to explain the meaning of new words in the way they were used in the text, as well as to use them in other contexts.

• Play vocabulary games (for example, using synonyms, antonyms, roots, concepts) to provide enrichment of new word meanings.