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Quality of life of the persons with breast cancer.

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Quality of life of the persons with breast cancer.

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Quality of life: is the conditions,in which a person obtain their segurity and their self esteem , and can adapt to their enviroment.

The breast cancer causes changes in the mood,in the physical image and produce tiredness. Also caused fear to died , lost their couple, or not beign able to work and have money problems.

The main solution of this situation is  the support of people that can listen and  understand, persons with breast cancer .In some cases is necessary the support of a psychologist.

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To detect early, the breast cancer is necessary to:
-Visit the gynecologist.
-Do the necessary exams:
-The mammography: is a image of the breast ,by x rays ,use to test the breast for the detection of early cancer and other illneses in the area.
Some doctors advice womens older than 40 years old to do the mammography exam every  years. However, the womens with more risk of develop breast cancer should do their first mammography exam at their 25 years old,and  start with the mammography every  years at their 45 years old.

-Sometimes after do some exams such as  the mammography, is request to do a breast ultrasound (a machine that make detailed picture, called sonograms ,by sounds waves, of areas inside the breast),for more information like, difene the difference  between a solid lump or a cyst, search for a tumor.
This exam is request ,if in the breast it is find a tumor, if there are a weird mammography ,or a nipple discharge.

- Self-examination of the breast: is advice to do it  ten days after their period .If a women have menopause , they can do the self-examination any day .
This self-examination have five steps:
1. Stand in front of a mirror with the hands in the sides of the body and look for changes in the breast like, swelling,change in the figure,dimpling,redness.
2. Clasp the hands behind the head and look for changes in the contour and shape of the breast.
3.Put one hand behind the head and the other in the breast , doing movements in spiral ,from out to inside ,lookin for a lump. Do the same with the other breast.
4. Go to the bed and lie down in to it, face up , and repeat step 4.
5. Press the nipple to check for any type of liquid.

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BREAST CANCER

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Diferent people have diferents symptoms of breast cancer. Some people doesn´t have any symptoms.
Some of the  sings of breast cancer are:
1. New lump in the breast.
2. Thickening of part of the breast.
3. Irritation  of the breast skin.
4. Redness  skin in the nipple or ache in the nipple area or in the breast.
5. Nipple inversion
6. Bloody or lymph discharge
7. Any change in the size or the shape of the breast.
8. Ache  in any area of the breast.
9. Color change.
10. Dimpled skin.
11. Texture change.
12. Lumps in the armpit.

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Breast cancer is trated in many ways. It depends on the kind of breast cancer and how far it has spread. People with breast cancer often get more than one kind of treatment.
The treatments are:
1. Surgery: in this operation,the cancer tissue was cut out.
2. Chemotherapy: the use of medicines to reduce the sized or kill the cancer cells.
3. Hormonal Therapy: dosen´t allow cancer cells getting the hormones they need to grow.
4.Biological Therapy: works with the body´s inmune system ,helping it figth cancer cells or to control  effects from other cancer treatments.
5.Radiation Therapy: the use of high-energy rays (similar to x-rays) to kill the cancer cells.

If the cancer tumor had expanded ,to much more treatments will be need.However,other factors are concidered,for example:
- if the cells have hormonal reseptors.
- if the cells have many amount of protein.
- Also has to do with the personal wealth and fisically reference.

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What are the risk factors for Breast Cancer?

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What are the risk factors for Breast Cancer?

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Breast cancer is  a combination of risk factors. The main risk factor is  being a woman and getting older. Most breast cancers are found in women who are 50 years old or older.
Some women can get breast cancer even without any other risk factor,like:
1. Genetic Mutations: women who have  inherited these genetic changes are at higher risk of breast  cancer.
2. Early menstrual period: women who start their periods before age 12.
3. Late or no pregnancy: having the first pregnancy after age 30.
4. Starting menopause after age 55.
5. Not being phisically active: being overweigth or obese after menopause.Also be sedentary.
6.Having dense breast: people with dense breast have more connective tissues than fatty tissues.Sometimes it´s harder to see the tumors or mammograms in this conditions.
7. Using combination hormone therapy: taking hormones to replace missing estrogen and progestorone in menopause for more than five     years.The hormones that had been afected are the ones that increase the risks.
8. Taking oral pills.
9. Personal history of breast cancer.
10. Family history of breast cancer.
11. Previous treatments using radiation therapy.
12. Women who took the medicine diethylstillbestrol: this medicine was given to some pregnant women to prevent miscarriage.Women whose mother took this medicine while pregnant have a higher risk.
13. Drinkin alcohol.
14. Smoking.
15. Being exposed to lots of chemiclas.
16. Being night shiftworker.

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The most common kinds of Breast Cancer are:
Carcinoma:starts in the cells that the line  organs on tissues (epithelial cells).
Invasive ductal carcinoma: the cancer cells grow outside the ducts into other parts of the breast tissues . Invasive cancer cells spread to other parts of the body.
Ductal cancinoma in situ and lobulal cancinoama in situ:they are not cancerous cells,but may lead to breast cancer. .They grow in lobules ,but they don´t grow  trought the wall of the lobules.
Invasive lobular carcinoma: cancer cells spread from the lobules to the breast tissues that are close . These invasive cancer cells can also spread to other parts of the body.
Inductal cancer carcinoma: it´s the most common one.Starts in the milk duct of the breast,breaks trought the wall of the uct ,and grow into the fatty tissues of the breast.
Male breast cancer: mens don´t have breast,but they have breast tissues. Their breast tissues usually get flat and small, however they can develop real breast gland tissues becaue of taking certain medicines or having unusual hormone levels,

There are several other less common kinds of breast cancer, such as Paget s disease, medullary, mucinous, and inflammatory breast cancer.
Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a breast disease  that may lead to breast cancer.

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It starts when mammary cells in the breast begin to grow out of control.These cells usually form a tumor that can often be seen on an x-ray or felt as a lump. The tumor can be bening (isn t dangerous for the health), these are not considerate cancerous,or bad (is dangerous), these are cancerous, and if these are not controlled, the cells can grow into surrounding tissues or spread to distant areas of the body. Sometimes a one tumor can be a combination of diferent types and in some very weird types of cancer, the  cells may not form a lump or tumor.

Breast Cancer occurs almost ever  in women, but men can get breast cancer too.

Breast Cancer can begin in different parts of the breast. A breast is made up of three main parts: lobules: the glands that produce milk, ducts:tubes that carry milk to the nipple, and connective tissue: surrounds and holds everything together. Most breast cancers begin in the ducts or lobules,but can spread outside the breast through blood vesseles and lymph vasseles. When breast cancer spreads to other parts of the body, it is said to have metastasized.