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The process that started Uluru began 500 million years ago. It was the same time the Australian continent was being formed. Large crustal blocks merged together to create the island that is now known as Australia. It is a process that is being repeated today where the continental plates of India and Eurasia and merging to form the high mountains. As a result, mountains were being created on the Australian continent. As a result of the Uluru and Kata Tjuta were formed along with a group of mountains now know as the Petermann Ranges.  It was a different time. There was no plant-based species, and it would be another 250 million years until dinosaurs would be seen. The Petermann Ranges were similar in size to modern day French Alps. However, without any plant life, the mountains eroded very quickly. Over the last 500 million years the mountains have almost disappeared. Uluru and Kata Tjuta are just deposits of what used to be high granite mountains.

After the mountain period, another ancient event played its part in forming the Uluru and Kata Tjuta.  That was the creation of an inland sea 400 million years ago. The area is known as the Amadeus Basin. Pressure from the sea formed sediment rock. This was formed over millions of years. At this stage the earth was moving and folds in the rock were created.  We see that today when we fly over the rock.  The rock s continued to be exposed as erosion took its time on the landscape.

Why is it red? It is read because the soil and rock contain iron minerals that give it its distinct colour. We can tell that it is an ancient rock, because fresh rock would be grey in colour.

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Ulruru

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Rising from the deep centre of Australia, Uluru (Ayers Rock) is one of the world's great natural wonders. Uluru (Ayers Rock) is a large sandstone rock formation in the southern part of the Northern Territory in central Australia. It sits 335 km (208 miles) south west of the nearest large town, Alice Springs, 450 km (280 miles) by road. Uluru stands 348 metres in height.

Ayers Rock was named after the 19th century Premier of South Australia, Sir Henry Ayers. It is located in Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park, 350 kilometres southwest of Alice Springs in the Northern Territory. The local Pitjantjatjara people called the landmark Uluru. This word has no general meaning in the Pitjantjatjara language, but it is a local family name.