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Anger of Parties Promised Land in exchange for fighting in WWI

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Anger of Parties Promised Land in exchange for fighting in WWI

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Effect of Global Depression on Brazil?
The suffering of laborers caused by the Global Depression spurred a coup that supplanted the current government with Vargas as the new president.
How do the steps that Vargas takes compare to those of other totalitarian rulers at the time?
Like European totalitarian rulers, Vargas supported the superiority of his nation and lessened his people's political rights. However, he did not employ violence to support his causes. Also, Brazil joined the Allies in WWII and fought against other dictatorships.

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Nationalists?
The Nationalists were conservative forces such as the Catholic Church and high-ranking military officials. They spurred the mobility of Spanish troops in Morocco against the Popular Front.
Republicans/Loyalists?
The Loyalists in the Spanish Civil War were the Popular Front, a coalition of left-wing parties that was elected to run the government. They supported land reform.
Some Historians argue that the Spanish Civil War is the actual beginning of WWII, to what extent do you agree or disagree and why?
I agree because the Spanish Civil War began the conflict between the major powers of WWII. The powers each took either the Nationalist or the Loyalist side, including Germany's bombing of Guernica in Spain.

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Plans?
Stalin planned to form the perfect socialist state and start a totalitarian country where the government had complete and total control over the country.
Targeting?
Stalin targeted anyone who opposed his ideas, such as protesters who he would hold off using police and military tanks. He would also take a way any private property and redistributing it, meaning that farmers would get their land and crops taken away. Lastly, he would put on trial any old Bolshevik leaders who opposed him.
Effects?
Stalin and the government had total control over the economy and had ears on all telephone lines, mail, and had spies everywhere in order to keep his people in check

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Stalin's 5 Year Plans & Collectivization (Ishaan)

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Stalin's 5 Year Plans & Collectivization (Ishaan)

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What were they?
They were a set of plans to industrialize Russia.
What were the goals?
The goals were to catch up to Western powers in terms of power and economy,
What were the outcomes?
The outcomes were millions of peasants starving to death because of the lack of land to grow food, which led to scarcity of food. However, the heavy industry in Russia grew dramatically and caught up with Western powers.

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Rising Nationalism and Anti-Colonial Movements 

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Rising Nationalism and Anti-Colonial Movements 

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Colonies of allied powers felt betrayed that their sacrifices during the war were not acknowledged, and angered that they were not afforded the opportunity for self-determination that some European peoples were given

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Chinese Nationalist Party & Sun Yatsen [Kuomintang] (Zion)

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Chinese Nationalist Party & Sun Yatsen [Kuomintang] (Zion)

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Grievances?
Chinese soldiers and people at lost due to Britain and France siding with Japan over the reclaiming of Chinese land, with China now prompting to be enemies of the West at the rejecting of their style of government and modeling one of Soviet Union (Marxist)
Plans?
Plans for full independence and industrialization, demand for democracy.
Targeting?
Targeting opposing Communist Party, prompting Civil War (1927). Once War finished. In 1935 (end of Civil War), both parties united to face against Japan which had invaded northern China and tensions continued to rise.
Effects?
Freed China from foreign domination and overthrew warlords, also annihilating Mao's communist forces, prompting Chinese Civil War (1927). Soon lost the battle with Communist Party gaining control over the country later on

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Grievances?
Chinese soldiers and people at lost due to Britain and France siding with Japan over the reclaiming of Chinese land, with China now prompting to be enemies of the West at the rejecting of their style of government and modeling one of Soviet Union (Marxist)
Plans?
To regain lost territories from WWI, and to turn China into a communist country in reflection of the Soviet Union
Targeting?
Peasants in China since that was majority of the population, with thought of revolution being based upon peasants
Effects?
Led to China Civil War (1927) against Nationalist party, which Communist Party losing and retreating and hiding for several years (Long March). When Nationalist party began falling due to Chiang alienating traditions and suppressing free speech, which then led to Communists winning control of the country.

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Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere (Alex)

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Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere (Alex)

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What is it?
The Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere was a group of territories conquered by Japan, including the Philippines, the Dutch East Indies, British Malaya, Burma, and some Pacific Islands.
What are the goals?
The goal of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere was for Japan to expand its empire and increase its power, thought Japan claimed that it was freeing people from Western Imperialism.

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1. Effect of Global Depression on Japan?
Japan's economy depended on foreign trade, with economics everywhere declining, with Germany dealing with inflation from debts of war as well, Japan's exports were cut in half between 1929-31. However, Japan began to devalue its currency and lowering value of its money in relation to foreign currencies, making products less expensive than imports, with its oversea expansionism increasing need for military goods and stimulating the economy.
2. New Territories Seized?
New territories captured included Philippines, Dutch East Indies, British Malaya, Burma, and numerous Pacific islands, claiming these as Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere, making Japan viewed as a conqueror
3. Why did they leave the League of Nations?
Japan left the League of Nations due to it invading Manchuria, prompting tensions. These tensions led to attacks near Mukden, with the LoN condemning Japan's actions in Manchuria, with Japan giving up membership in the league to seize more land.

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Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia

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Areas of Africa, Asia, and Latin America that were economically dependent on Imperial powers experience severe economic consequences

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What is it?
An attempt made by the US government to promote economic growth through Keynesian economics i.e. spending more money than the government takes in in order to cut taxes and promote economic activity.
Relief?
Of a little bit, the economy started to grow and unemployment started to decline, but President Roosevelt decided to pull the plug on the New Deal due to increasing government deficits, and unemployment would rise until the end of the depression when the US entered WWII
Recovery?
Overall, the New Deal did not do much for the US in the long term, but it helped the US economy hold up and got the American people jobs until the beginning of WWII, which ended the Depression.
Reform?
The New Deal saw many reforms in the investment into many different programs that would stimulate the economy. But after the reforms in the New Deal did not stop the unemployment and did not stabilize the economy, in 1935, Roosevelt decided to start the second New Deal where more aggressive reforms were made, specifically to programs that would get people jobs such as the WPA and and the National Labor Relations Act.

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Starting with the US, countries begin passing tariffs intending to protect their domestic economies.
How does this help create a GLOBAL depression?

The passing of many tariffs means that the prices of many different goods such as food increase exponentially, but because of the debt and the cost of war, countries, and their people, don't have enough money to pay for these goods. Therefore, a global depression starts

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1. After a brief surge in the 20's people have over-invested in the stock market  --> Crash
2. Agricultural Overproduction --> low prices on goods --> farmers can't pay off debts
3. European debtors aren't paying

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France and Britain are counting on German reparations and Soviet debt repayments in order to pay their own debts, no money in = no money out

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Grievances?
Italy was on the winning side of WW1 but got little out of it, in terms of land and money. This made the Italian parliament heavily resented and made way for Mussolini to overthrow them.
Plans?
Mussolini wanted to implement fascism in Italy and in doing so bring everything into government control in the country.
Targeting?
Mussolini and Fascist Italy conquered any state which was considered inferior by the Italians.
Effects?
Effects of fascism everywhere were the upbringing of economic hardship and loss of basic human rights to the citizens of fascist states.  The fascist ideals also sparked violence which eventually led to war.

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Grievances?
Felt a great resentment of towards Jews due to their loss in WW1. They also faced great economic hardship due to their loss in WW1 , due to great debts they owed the winners of WW1.
Plans?
Wanted to establish the German race as the dominant race in Europe, but to do so he needed territory. His plan was to conquer all of Europe and later the world to assert the German race dominant.
Targeting?
The main targets of Nazism  were Jews, but other European races were also targeted heavily such as Slavs. They also targeted every country in the world besides Italy and Japan (their allies).
Effects?
Effects were that 7.1 millions innocent victims were killed by Hitler and his regime.  Nazism also provoked the second World War, leading to even more deaths and injuries.

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Germany doesn't have money to pay, so they just print more

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Growing Resentment of the Weimar Republic

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Growing Resentment of the Weimar Republic

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China wants German Colonies in East Asia

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China wants German Colonies in East Asia

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China supported the Allied Powers in the war

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(none of the other Cental Powers exist anymore)

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- France experienced devastation due to being a major front of the war
- Britain wants payback too

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- "Peace without Victory"
- Self-Determination for former Central Powers territories
- 14 Points & League of Nations

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Bolshevik Russia refused to pay their war debts to the Allied Powers  --> Allied Powers refuse to recognize the new Bolshevik government

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Italy switched alliances in 1917 with the promise of new territory if/when the Allied Powers won.