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Anger of Parties Promised Land in exchange for fighting in WWI

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Anger of Parties Promised Land in exchange for fighting in WWI

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Effect of Global Depression on Brazil? left people discontent and suffering with legal seizure of power.
How do the steps that Vargas takes compare to those of other totalitarian rulers at the time? It won him support but of course as having his own policies they were much the same as the European fascists' just more violent in trying to achieve and stay in main control.

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Nationalists?
Nationalist in the Spanish Civil War were the facists and received aid from Hitler, Mussolini, and Salazar, well known facists. Conservatives in Spain shared similar belief against the newly elected Popular Front.
Republicans/Loyalists?
The Republicans/Loyalists of the Civil War were the defenders of the Popular Front, the newly elected Spanish Republic that wanted to reform land. This was heavily opposed by the conservatives in Spain.
Some Historians argue that the Spanish Civil War is the actual beginning of WWII, to what extent do you agree or disagree and why?
The Spanish Civil War was the beginning of WWII to some extent because it was indirect face of the eventual opposing sides of the war (Italy, Portugal, Germany vs. Britain, US, France). It definitely set up the tension need to go to war along side effects of WWI that also lead up to the war such as the economic decline after.
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Plans?
When Lenin died Stalin took over after him and planned to industrialize Russia in order to catch up with other industrialized western nations.
Targeting?
Stalin often targeted his political opponents and punished  them by execution or sentencing them to life in the gulags, or labor camps, where many died.
Effects?
He seized control of the economy with five year plans and lead Russia into industrialization, thought there was high unemployment and starvation. Many of Stalin's atrocities were not reported because of his control of the media.
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Stalin's 5 Year Plans & Collectivization

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Stalin's 5 Year Plans & Collectivization

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What were they?
Five year plans are a method of planning economic growth and they were a plan to start industrialization in Russia.
What were the goals?
The goals of the Five Year Plans was to turn the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics  or USSR into an industrial power. it was supposed to help Russia catch up to already industrialized nations.
What were the outcomes?
Collectivization is one of the outcomes of the 5 Year Plans as it was the process of taking private farmland and given to collective who take care of the land. It had mixed reactions and was a huge failure as peasants starved to death. But it did help Russia industrialize as the cost of living dropped and factory jobs were readily available.
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Rising Nationalism and Anti-Colonial Movements 

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Rising Nationalism and Anti-Colonial Movements 

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Colonies of allied powers felt betrayed that their sacrifices during the war were not acknowledged, and angered that they were not afforded the opportunity for self-determination that some European peoples were given

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Grievances? They want independence & industrialization.
Plans? Sun allied with Mao and Chiang nearly annihilated Mao
Targeting? They wanted to get rid of Foreign Domination. Warlords
Effects? Nationalist accused of corruption because Chang disliked free speech. Independence for China was created with other party and because of Chiang disliked the other party it caused civil war.

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Grievances? They disliked Western Democracy
Plans? Revolt of Peasants, after Chiang they retreat to hiding(Long March)
Targeting? Clear remnants of capitalism
Effects? Support of peasants from Long March and created independent China with other party

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What is it?
The Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere was the territories that Japan took over during the Inter-War period.
What are the goals?
The goal of the Co-Prosperity Sphere was for Japan to control the other countries in it and use their resources for the wars. In addition, it was known by Japan as freeing the countries they had taken over from Western influences

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1. Effect of Global Depression on Japan?
Abrupt deflation and economic activity goes down
2. New Territories Seized?
Korea, Dutch East Indies, British Malaya, Burma, Philippines(American rule), Pacific islands(many), & Manchuria.
3. Why did they leave the League of Nations?
After invading China(Manchuria)they were criticized so they left to further pursue expansion.

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Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia

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Areas of Africa, Asia, and Latin America that were economically dependent on Imperial powers experience severe economic consequences

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What is it? A group of policies and programs the administration to the president being used to address the great depression.
Relief? For citizens regarding age, or wealth status who are suffering
Recovery? Of the nation emerging its way out of the depression
Reform? the change of government policies mainly to avoid future disasters.

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Starting with the US, countries begin passing tariffs intending to protect their domestic economies.
How does this help create a GLOBAL depression?,
Protectionism is the protection of domestic industries done by imposing high tariffs or taxes upon foreign imports. Protectionism helped create a global depression because increasing the prices of foreign goods means that they will not be bought or used. In turn, the places they were exported from have no business anywhere and without business they are not able to create more of their product and because they likely focused only on the production of this type of good, they don't have anything to fall back on and are left with nothing. In addition, this lack of buying foreign imports means that the laborers who worked at those factories or industries have lower wages or are fired because the corporations are not being payed as much and cannot afford keeping that many laborers. In total, protectionism helped cause a global depression because it is a cycle that leads to the loss of jobs and increasing of foreign goods.

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1. After a brief surge in the 20's people have over-invested in the stock market  --> Crash
2. Agricultural Overproduction --> low prices on goods --> farmers can't pay off debts
3. European debtors aren't paying

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France and Britain are counting on German reparations and Soviet debt repayments in order to pay their own debts, no money in = no money out

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Grievances? Italy was facing mass unemployment, political party conflicts, and strikes by Italian socialists and communists.
Plans? Mussolini wanted to create a absolute power of the state, ruled by a dictator, more specifically, ruled by him. Private interests and affairs should be put second behind loyalty to the state
Targeting? Mussolini unleashed his followers upon a march to the capital city of Italy wherein many government leaders got frightened of these followers and resigned from their positions. Mussolini became the Prime Minister of Italy.
Effects? Mussolini completely destroyed the rights of people by banning opposing newspapers, outlawing labor strikes, teaching children in school that everything came second to the "common will" of the people. Started a new economic system of corporatism, in which corporations were created and discussed the different parts of jobs, such as wages and working hours.

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Grievances? having to pay for reparations, lost colonies, most of the men, and the loss of jobs over 1/3 of forced labor.
Plans? the canceling of the German preparations payments, the spending on military equipment, and trying to employ men in to the Nazi individuals.
Targeting? they targeted mostly Jewish individuals, but aimed for minorities that didn't fit the Nazi individuals
Effects? it grew the support for Nazi fascism

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Germany doesn't have money to pay, so they just print more

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Growing Resentment of the Weimar Republic

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Growing Resentment of the Weimar Republic

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China wants German Colonies in East Asia

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China wants German Colonies in East Asia

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China supported the Allied Powers in the war

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(none of the other Cental Powers exist anymore)

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- France experienced devastation due to being a major front of the war
- Britain wants payback too

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- "Peace without Victory"
- Self-Determination for former Central Powers territories
- 14 Points & League of Nations

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Bolshevik Russia refused to pay their war debts to the Allied Powers  --> Allied Powers refuse to recognize the new Bolshevik government

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Italy switched alliances in 1917 with the promise of new territory if/when the Allied Powers won.