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In 5,000 B.C., cotton fibre and cloth fragments found in Mexico date from this period. Some of the oldest cotton bolls were discovered in a cave in Techucan Valley, Mexico, and were dated to approximately 5000- 5500 BCE, but some doubt has been cast on these estimates.

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In the Indus River Valley in Pakistan, cotton was being grown, spun and woven into cloth 3,000 years BC. Cotton is the most important cash crop in Pakistan and was responsible for almost all of their trades. Nearly 26% of their farmers grew cotton. Many historians say cotton is the reason for Pakistan economy boost.

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In 2,500 BC, Chinese, Egyptian and South American civilizations begin weaving cotton fabrics. This eventually became a trademark crop all around the word and kept many economies alive. Early farming societies in South and North America started domesticating and breeding two local species of cotton: Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense. This meant more textiles and products, increasing wealth in all areas and tended to sell many kinds of goods to the South since the South did not have many factories of any sort. Cotton started being produced and used for clothing, blankets, and modernizing societies.

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During this time of 300 BCE, Cotton started to spread dramatically. This is because Alexander the Great's army started bringing cotton goods into Europe following the conquest of the Persian Empire. However, cotton still remains expensive since it is still very limited. By 100 A.D to the 1400's Arab traders brought two types of cotton, muslin and calico to Italy in Spain

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In 1492, Christopher Columbus finds the modern world’s most popular current cotton variety. He found it growing in Gossypium hirsutum, The Bahamas. This changed the world because he brought the cotton to the Pilgrams and introduced new fabrics and those fabrics where brought down to generations and generations of fabric.

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By the 1600's cotton started advancing and East India was producing rare cotton fabrics and transporting fabrics from Europe to India. In the 1600's cotton was introduced to America.  First cotton spinning factory opens in Manchester, UK, marking the true beginning of Europe’s cotton industry. Cotton was the first big product industrialized and a money maker for ancient societies. It set the base for many more products to come and changed everything.

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Cotton had its good affects on the world and its bad ones. When demand for cotton increased, so did labor and that means more African Americans became enslaved.Slaves in the Upper South became incredibly more valuable as commodities because of this demand for them in the Deep South. They were sold off in droves. This created a Second Middle Passage, the second largest forced migration in America's history. This shows what a big affect cotton had on civilizations and people to this day because slavery will never be forgotten. Cotton was one of the first examples of greed and forced labor that are still common in our generation.

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Cotton has come a long way from then to now. In the early 1900's, Gandhi believed that cotton was closely tied to Indian self-determination. Cotton is now a symbolic textile of Indian Independence. In the 21st century, cotton farmers harvest about 7.3 billion pounds of cotton per year, making a profit of $21 billion dollars per year. Cotton is the most common and natural fiber used to make clothing, accounting for about 33% of all fabrics in textiles. Cotton accounted for over half of all American exports during the first half of the 19th century. The cotton market supported America's ability to borrow money from abroad. It also fostered an enormous domestic trade in agricultural products from the West and manufactured goods from the East.