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(Wallpaper) In the painting, Ancient Rome by Giovanni Paolo Panini, The painting depicts many of the most significant architectural sites and sculptures from ancient Rome, such as the Colosseum, the Pantheon, Laocoon and His Sons, the Farnese Hercules, the Apollo Belvedere and the Borghese Gladiator.  Along with other great ancient Roman art and architecture.

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Gale
The Myth of Rome goes; There were two brothers, half- devine twins Romulus and Remus, who were said to be abandoned near the Tiber River. They grew up to establish a city together. Romulus killed Remus in a fight and became the first king of the Kingdom, named Rome after the first ruler. In order to promote the status of Rome, Romulus let anyone with any background, outcast and immigrants, to live in the city and work without fear. After Romulus, Rome had 6 kings until the last tyrant was over-throne and Rome ended the Monarchy.

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Gale

The Roman Republic
(509–27 b.c.e.) was known for its caste system and political institutions. Rome was divided by the caste system into two sections, the patricians (descendants from the Roman Kingdom) and the plebeians (common people). During its republican reign, Rome conquered lands through its military campaign. Rome grew its empire while also losing control of its people.

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Gale

The Roman empire  (27 b.c.e.–476 c.e.) was cultivated around Art and Culture under Augustus’s rule, which did not last after his death. Augustus's dynasty ended with Nero (37–68 c.e.), a tyrant who was believed to have started the Great Fire of Rome in 64 c.e.

A notable emperor of the period was Constantine the Great (c. 272–337). He was one of the empire's more accomplished emperors and the first to convert to Christianity. More importantly, his rule marked the division of the Roman Empire into two halves—the Western Roman Empire and the Byzantine Empire.

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Gale

By the fifth century, the Roman Empire was threatened by the so-called "barbarian" invasions. These invasions were actually a series of migrations conducted by bands of Germanic tribes and Huns. These tribes only wanted to become part of the empire. This led to the establishment of an immigration system which disarmed and divided these foreign tribes into different regions, and forced each tribe to contribute soldiers to the Roman military. Over time, however, the Roman prejudice against them led these tribes to revolt. This contributed to the 410 sack of Rome, which was the first time Rome was defeated by a foreign army in almost 800 years.

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The mythology of the Romans themselves revolved around the founding, history, and heroes of the city of Rome. After they conquered Greece their deities  became increasingly associated with the figures of Greek mythology. Roman mythology also includes human heroes. Many emperors were declared gods by the Roman senate after their deaths, and people worshipped them in temples.
Significant deities;
Jupiter- The god of thunder and the sky

Terra- The goddess of the Earth

Bellona- The goddess of war

Cybele- The goddess of the Earth, nature, mountains, and wild animals

Venus- The goddess of love and beauty

Cupid- The god of love

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The statue of Esquiline Venus depicts the Roman goddess of love and beauty about to preparing for a bathing ritual. She is shown completely naked other than sandals. Her clothing is set on a vase placed next to Venus, with a snake crawling up the side of the vase.

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Pantheon, or Pantheum in Latin, was more of a nickname than a formal title. Known as “temple of all the gods,” was erected in Rome under the emperor Hadrian, an earlier Pantheon, built between 27 and 25 B.C. by the Roman general Marcus Agrippa, stood on the same location but was destroyed by fire in A.D. 80.

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Home was often the learning center, where children were taught Roman law, customs, and physical training to prepare the boys to grow as Roman citizens and for eventual recruitment into the army. Girls received instruction from their mothers in the art of spinning, weaving, and sewing. Schooling in a more formal sense began around 200 BC. Education began at the age of around 6 through 12. Few continued higher education.
Learning in Roman schools was based on fear. Students were beaten for the slightest offence as a belief existed that a child would learn correctly and accurately if they feared being caned if they got something wrong.

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Romans loved watching sports and loved when it got bloody. The Colosseum was home to various gladiatorial battles, fights between men and wild animals, executions of Christians by lions, and was occasionally flooded for a naval battle. The loved to watch
Gladiator fights, Gladiators were armed combatants who entertained the audience through their bloody fights with other gladiators. But the fights were not just restricted to humans and often gladiators had confrontations with wild animals.
There were other sports Romans would participate in including swimming, horseback riding, wrestling and boxing.

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Aureus are the basic gold monetary unit of ancient Rome and the Roman world. It was first named nummus aureus (“gold money”), or denarius aureus, and was equal to 25 silver denarii; a denarius equaled 10 bronze asses.
1 gold Aureus = 25 silver Denarii

1 Denarius = 4 bronze Sestertii

1 Seslertius = 2 bronze Dupondii

1 Dupondius = 2 copper As

1 As = 4 copper Quadrans