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"Eisenhower Doctrine". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2016. Web. 06 Jul. 2016.

History.com Staff. "Berlin Airlift." History.com. A&E Television Networks, 2011. Web. 06 July 2016.

"brinkmanship". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online.
Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2016. Web. 06 Jul. 2016.

History.com Staff. "U-2 Spy Incident." History.com. A&E Television Networks, 2009. Web. 06 July 2016.

"The Iron Curtain." Infoplease. Infoplease, n.d. Web. 06 July 2016.

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In response and fear of Cuba being ruled by a communist dictator, the United States sent 1,500 of Cuba’s exiles back into their homeland to overthrow the dictator. The plan failed miserably with 1,200 of the spies captured and 53 million dollars’ worth of resources being traded for their return.

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After the Second World War, Germany was divided into sections that were split among the Soviet Union, the United States, Great Britain, and France. The city of Berlin was also split into sections, each country having parts of the city. Wanting Berlin in its entirety, the Soviet Union closed off all highways in and out of Berlin in order to block food and other resources from reaching the other sections of the city. It was expected that the other nations would abandon their pieces because of lack of food and supplies. Resilient, the U.S. and her allies flew food and other resources into their sections of Berlin using planes. Over 2.3 million tons of resources were transported. This event is known as the Berlin Airlift.

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Brinkmanship is the strategy of making one’s opponent believe that one is going to initiate war in order to make one’s opponent retreat.

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Similar to the Truman Doctrine, the Eisenhower Doctrine is President Eisenhower’s promise to aid Middle Eastern countries that need help resisting communist advances.

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In 1960, a CIA pilot by the name of Francis Gary Powers was flying over Russia to take pictures of territory that was forbidden to outsiders. Powers’ plane was shot down. Powers was sentenced to 10 years in a Russian prison, but only served two years before he was sent back to America during a prison exchange.

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After the Soviet Union launched a satellite, named Sputnik I, into space, Americans believed that America was not as technologically advanced as it should be. This launched the Space Race, a competition between America and other nations to quickly develop technology to be used in outer space.

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The Korean War was a military conflict between North Korea and South Korea. North Korea wanted to spread its communist belief to South Korea. In order to progress Containment, America teamed with South Korea; also, communist China allied with North Korea. There was no determined winner, as North and South Korea agreed to be separate nations. Out of it all, communism was contained in that region, so at the cost of much money and many lives, America received something very close to victory.

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NATO is an acronym and stands for North Atlantic Treaty Organization. NATO was created shortly after WWII as a way to unionize countries that were against communism. The Soviet Union saw this as an intimidation tactic and formed the Warsaw Pact, an organization of the communist nations of Eastern Europe.

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The Marshall Plan was a plan created to help rebuild democratic European countries that were hurt, both physically and financially during WWII.

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The Truman Doctrine was a promise to other anti-communist nations. President Truman promised that America would lend aid to countries that cannot defend themselves and are being pushed to become communist.

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Created by the Soviet Union, the Iron Curtain was an imaginary boundary in Europe that separated the countries that supported and opposed communism.

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Containment was the ideal of preventing the spread of communism. Quite literally, the United States wanted to contain communism where it was, instead of letting it spread to other nations.

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McCarthyism refers to the American phenomenon in which many people and groups of people were, interrogated, jailed and sometimes executed after being accused of supporting communism. McCarthyism began when Senator Joseph McCarthy accused, without evidence, 200 people in the American government and Army of being communists.

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The Cold War was a period of political conflict that was felt around the globe. It began after the Second World War, when the countries that were involved were rebuilding their nations’ infrastructures. It was when America and the Soviet Union began to assist the reconstruction of weathered countries that the two nation’s stark differences in government became blatant. America is a free republic, which means that supreme power is held by the people and their representatives, with a capitalist economy.  In contrast, Russia is a communist nation, which means that the government controls the production and transportation of products. Americans believed that a government founded on communism limited freedom to the public. It was also believed that the communism could spread quickly to other nations, and from there it would continue to spread until it reached and threatened America. As a result, America did not want the Soviet Union to spread communist ideas during reconstruction.  This is what began the Cold War, in which the Soviet Union tried to spread communism and the United States tried to stop the spread. Also during this time, the Soviet Union and the United States were both capable of attacking the other with nuclear weapons. This factor created even more tension between the two nations.

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Because America did not initiate military conflict with Cuba during the Bay of Pigs Invasion, Russia believed that America would not intervene if Russia stored nuclear missiles in Cuba. Russia was mistaken. As soon as America had evidence of Russia’s plan, America threatened to invade Cuba. A compromise was made when Russia agreed to not store missiles in Cuba as long as America removed her nuclear missiles from Russia’s neighbor, Turkey.