# data[].attributes.body
Owner of the farm who is drunk all the time. He is irresponsible, cruel and sometimes kind; He mistreats the animals and he underfeeds them.

Who? He represents the Tsar Nicolas II who was a dictator. He used to be violent but was also kind sometimes.

# data[].attributes.body
The ideaology according to which animalS have to be treated equaly. It stipulates that animals should share both the responsabilities and rewards of the farm. That is to say, there are no owners, no rich nor poor. Everyone owns the farm.

What ? Animalism is a metaphore for the communism according to which all people should be equal. Just like animalism, in theory, ownership was forbidden: government owned everything and people owned the government.

# data[].attributes.body
Old major is A popular leader who is respected by other animals, highly regarded in the farm. He taught Animalism. Animalism is based on the idea that workers do all the work, and the rich keep the money. This is the reason why the revolution is needed.

Who? He represents K.Marx. Animalism is same as the ideology of comunism. He is famous for saying: "workers of the world, unite!" Moreover, just like Old Major, Marx died before the Revolution.

# data[].attributes.body
Napoleon is the main antagonist of the book.
He is not a great talker, he is tough
He wants to control the farm in order to instaure a dictatorship.

Cruel, brutal, selfish, devious, corrupt
· His ambition is for power; killed opponents
· Used dogs, Moses, and Squealer to control
the animals

Who? Joseph Stalin
· Not a good speaker; not educated like Trotsky
· Same as Napoleon; didn’t follow Marx’s ideas
· Cared only for power; killed all who opposed him
· Used KGB and propagandized

# data[].attributes.body
· Young, smart, good speaker, idealistic
· Really wants to make life better for all
· One of the leaders of the revolution
· Chased away into exile by Napoleon’s dogs

Who? Leon Trotsky
· Other leader of “October Revolution” together with Lenin
· Pure communist, followed Marx
· Wanted to improve life for all in Russia
· Chased away by Lenin’s KGB

# data[].attributes.body
He is a quick mind and a good speaker. He helped snowball to climbed up few rungs. He is also the minister of propaganda.

Big mouth, talks a lot
· Convinces animals to believe and follow
Napoleon
· Changes and manipulates the
commandments

What?  Propaganda Dept. of Lenin’s Government

Squealer is an allusion of the soviet newspaper "Pravda" which was Stalin's key to propaganda. In the book, squealer manipulates animals just like "Pravda" does with Russian people.

# data[].attributes.body
Private army that used fear to force animals to work.

Bluebell and Mollie form acouple who have nine puppies. And Napoleon took their puppies to send in his army.

Killed opponents.

What?

In reality this characters represent KGB, the army of Staline who were very loyal to their leader.

Used force, often killed entire families for
disobedience

# data[].attributes.body
Moses the Raven represents the most religious character in the novel. firstly, pigs perceive him as an enemy. Moses offers a different reality, such as SugarCandy Mountain
(Heaven). Animals can go there if they work hard. Raven promotes peace.
What? Religion
· Marx said “Opiate of the people” a lie
· Used to make people not complain and do their work
· Religion was tolerated because people would work
· Stalin knew religion would stop violent revolutions

# data[].attributes.body
Mollie is a young selfish horse who doesn’t care about the others.
Was vain – loved beauty and herself
Who?
She is an allegory of an immigrant who quit the Russia in 1917.
Some people didn’t care about revolution. Only thought about themselves.
She represents the bourgeois, middle class during the Russian Revolution

# data[].attributes.body
· A strong, hard-working horse, believes in Animal Farm
· “Napoleon is always right”; “I must work harder”
· gives his all; is betrayed by Napoleon, who sells him
Who? Dedicated, but tricked, communist supporters
· People believed Stalin because he was a “communist”
· Many stayed loyal after it was obvious Stalin was a tyrant
· Betrayed by Stalin, who ignored and killed them

# data[].attributes.body
· Old, wise donkey who is suspicious of revolution
· Thinks “Nothing ever changes”; is right
· His suspicions are true (about Boxer and sign changes)
Who?
Skeptical people in Russia and outside Russia
· Weren’t sure revolution would change anything
· Realized a crazy leader can call himself communist
· Knew that communism wouldn’t work with power-hungry leaders

# data[].attributes.body
· It was supposed to make life better for all
· Life was worse at the end
· The leaders became the same as, or worse than, the other farmers (humans) they
rebelled against

Overall details of Russian Revolution
· Supposed to fix problems from the Czar
· Life was even worse long after the Revolution
· Stalin made the Czar look like a “nice guy”

# data[].attributes.body
Summary: After many years, lot of the old animals died and nobody remembered the day of the rebelion.

In this chapter, we see how the idea of Animalism has failed and how did animals become just as corrupt as human beings.

# data[].attributes.body
Language and manipulation

Napoleon is not interested in the intelectual classes of Squealer. It means that he does not need intellectual animals in the farm because they can’t be manipulated. Indeed, uinder Stalin's dictatorship, inteligent people become dangerous because they could question the system.

Instead, a simplistic slogan, that stipulated "four legs good, two legs bad" made sure that sheep, who represent the masses, would follow the orders and would easily be manipulated.

# data[].attributes.body
Corruption and betrayal of ideas

The name of the farm now went back to the old one and it became "the Manor Farm" again. Indeed, even though animals denounced human beings they have become just like them.

Ultimately, they don't even respect the seven commandements, the founding text of Animalism. Indeed, the pigs took controle of the farm and betrayed the ideas of animalism by living in luxury. Even more, they stand on two legs.