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UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DE CHIAPAS Escuela de Lenguas San Cristóbal C-III

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UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DE CHIAPAS Escuela de Lenguas San Cristóbal C-III

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Independent research
Aspectos psicológicos del aprendizaje de lenguas

Adriana López Jiménez
9th semester

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Language acquisition is a long-term process by which information are stored in the brain unconsciously making them appropriate to oral and written usage.

In contrast, language learning is a conscious process of knowledge acquisition that needs supervision and control by the person.

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It's far easier for a child to acquire language as an infant and toddler.

Many linguists now say that a newborn's brain is already programmed to learn language, and in fact that when a baby is born he or she already instinctively knows a lot about language.

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Researchers believe there may be a 'critical period' (lasting roughly from infancy until puberty) during which language acquisition is effortless.

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Although parents or other caretakers don't teach their children to speak, they do perform an important role by talking to their children.

Children acquire language through interaction - not only with their parents and other adults, but also with other children.

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The special way in which many adults speak to small children also helps them to acquire language. Studies show that the 'baby talk' that adults naturally use with infants and toddlers tends to always be just a bit ahead of the level of the child's own language development, as though pulling the child along.

This 'baby talk' has simpler vocabulary and sentence structure than adult language, exaggerated intonation and sounds, and lots of repetition and questions. All of these features help the child to sort out the meanings, sounds, and sentence patterns of his or her language.

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Children acquire language quickly, easily, and without effort or formal teaching.

By the time the child first utters a single meaningful word, he or she has already spent many months playing around with the sounds and intonations of language and connecting words with meanings.

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Linguists have become deeply interested in finding out what all 5,000 or so of the world's languages have in common

it appears that all languages use the vowel sounds aah, ee, and ooh - the same vowel sounds a baby produces first.

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The first sounds a baby makes are the sounds of crying.

Then, around six weeks of age, the baby will begin making vowel sounds, starting with aah, ee, and ooh.

At about six months, the baby starts to produce strings of consonant-vowel pairs like boo and da.

In this stage, the child is playing around with the sounds of speech and sorting out the sounds that are important for making words in his or her language from the sounds that aren't.

Many parents hear a child in this stage produce a combination like "mama" or "dada" and excitedly declare that the child has uttered his or her first word, even though the child probably didn't attach any meaning to the 'word'.

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Somewhere around age one or one and a half, the child will actually begin to utter single words with meaning.  These are always 'content' words like cookie, doggie, run, and see - never 'function' words like and, the, and of.

Around the age of two, the child will begin putting two words together to make 'sentences' like doggie run.

By the time the child enters kindergarten, he or she will have acquired the vast majority of the rules and sounds of the language.

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Birner B. , 2020, FAQ: Language Acquisition, retrieved from: https://www.linguisticsociety.org/resource/faq-how-do-we-learn-language

Wlassoff, V. February 29, 2016. Brain Blogger, How do we learn languages?. Retrieved from : https://brainblogger.com/2016/02/29/how-do-we-learn-languages/#:~:text=Language%20acquisition%20is%20a%20long,and%20control%20by%20the%20person.