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In the weeks after the election, people started talking about the South seceeding, which concerned many senators. The Senate Committee came together on December 20, 1860 and as they started to work they lost hope because of events going down in the South, and on that day the delegates in South Carolina voted on  seceeding from the union. During these events, President Lincoln claimed that he wasn't going to interfere with slavery, and he would support the Fugitive Slave Act, but he wouldn't allow the slavery extend to the territories.

Source: "The Straws that 'Broke the Camel's Back' - Exacerbating Sectional Issues",

http://users.humboldt.edu

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During the Presidential Election of 1860, the country was divided between the Rebublicans, who supported Lincoln, the Northern Democrats, who supported Stephen Douglas and the Southern Democrats, who supported John C. Breckinridge. With his opposing competition divided three ways, Lincoln won in a strange way, with just 40% of the votes, all from the North, and in 10 Southern states there wasn't a single ballot with his name on it.

Source:

"Abraham Lincoln Biography", biography.com

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While Lincoln continued to try to solve slavery, John Brown, starting scheming a raid. His plan was insane, and almost all of him men were either captured or killed during the raid, but Brown still thought the only way to end slavery was through bloodshed.

Source: "John Brown's Raid on Harpers Ferry", missedinhistory.com

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The Lincoln-Douglas debate was a series of political debates between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas, who were both running for U.S senator in Illinois, where slavery was the main issue. Lincoln lost the debate, but it aided him in making popular among the states.

Source:
"Lincoln - Douglas Debates", nps.gov

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The Dred-Scott Decision was a Supreme Court decision in 1857 that stated that African Americans should not be considered humans and that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional. It was made after an african american man named Dred Scott tried to sue the Supreme Court for his freedom.

Source:
"32a. The Dred Scott Decision", ushistory.org

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After the Bloodshed in Kansas, Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts stated that he believed Senator Douglas and many other Senators like Andrew Butler had plotted with the southerners to make Kansas a slave state. This action angered many southerners, and Preston Brooks, Butlers nephew, attacked Sumner which was applauded by the southerners but proved the northeners point that southeners were prone to violence.

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The Caning Of Charles Sumner - TheBlazeTV - REAL HISTORY - 2013.01.25

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Tensions were high in Kansas after the Missouri compromise was abolished, and many settlers were there to get Kansas to be a free state or a slave state. One group of Southerners raided the free town of Lawrence and destroyed two of their prininting presses; in retaliation John Brown, a vivid abolistionist from the North, went into the slavery town of Pottawatomie, and brutally murdered five men who were suspected of supporting slavery.

Source:
"Contested Liberty in the Civil War Era", by
Nicole Etcheson, kansaspress.ku.edu

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The Nebraska-Kansas Act of 1854 was an act that created the Nebraska and Kansas territory and abolished the Missouri Compromise by allowing settlers to determine whether or not slavery would be allowed in the new territory. This act made the northerners upset because they didn't want slavery to be continued, but Senator Stephen Douglas tried to convince them otherwise by saying the territory was not fit for slavery.

Source:

"Who Proposed the Kansas Nebraska Act" http://travelsouth.us

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People in both parts of the United States were unhappy with the Fugitive Slave Act. The northerners refused to turn in their fugitives, which infuriated the South, who still felt the act didn't ensure the return of their "property"

Source: "Gallery of Runaway Slave Images", by Eastman Johnson, learner.org

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The compromise started out with admitting California as a free state to the union and allowing the New Mexico and Utah territories to decide whether or not they wanted to be free or slave states. In addition, they banned slave trade in Washington D.C, the nation's capital, and set a stronger fugitive slave law. Many citizens liked this compromise, but Congress debated it for 9 long months, and the south considered leaving the Union peacefully. However, the Congress accepted the compromise, and while many people were happy that the argument was over, some southerners were still wary.

Source: "Compromise of 1850, Fugitive Slave Act, and Expansion of Slavery Results" thomaslegion.net

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The North and South continued to fight about the issue of slavery, so the South proposed to extend the Missouri territory to California and split it in two, between slave and free states. The North did not like this, and when California applied for admission, it made the Northerners very happy but angered the south. This called for a compromise to be made

Source: "Georgia Studies Images",

georgiainfo.galileo.usg.edu

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After President James Polk requested soldiers to fight in the Mexican-American War, David Wilmot added an amendment to the bill known as the Wilmot Proviso, no slavery or involuntary servitude would be allowed in any territory gained in the war. Many southerners disagreed with his amendment, and his amendment was approved by the House, but rejected by the Senate.

Source:
"Slave and Free States (US) Through History", National Genealogical Society, upfront.ngsgenealogy.org

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After Nat Turner's rebellion, many slaves continued to escape to the compassionate northerners by themselves. The South was angered and disliked the northern citizens because every time they lost a slave it was like losing land

Source:
"Fugitive Slaves as Constitutional Actors", thefacultylounge.org

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Due to the unsatisfied citizens with this compromise, many states were outraged. The abolitionist from the North sent in anti slavery letters to congress saying that they should at least ban slavery in the nation's capital, and the South's resentment was turning to fear, causing them to attempt restricting abolitionists writing from getting to the slaves

Source: The United States Senate, A.D. 1850… P.F. Rothermel, artist; R. Whitechurch, engraver; Philadelphia, Pa: John M. Butler & Alfred Long, c1855. Popular Graphic Arts. Prints & Photographs Division, www.loc.gov

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The Missouri Compromise of 1820 was an agreement made by congress in he 1820's in which Missouri was admitted as a slave state to the Union as a slave state, and Missouri was admitted as a free state. This compromise kept the union from falling apart, but very few people we pleased by it.

Source: "Missouri Compromise exposed the raw nerve of slavery", by Parke Pierson, historynet.com