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The role of non-verbal communication in language 

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The role of non-verbal communication in language 

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1. Facial expression
2. Gestures
3. Paralinguistic: tone, volume, inflection, pitch
4. Body language and posture. TED talk - body posture, relates to emotion.
5. Proxemics - intimacy

Definition - lexical choice
Denotation

LOST IN TRANSLATION - movie

Sapir Whorf Hypothesis
'the real world is, to a large extent build upon the language habits of the group we see and hear and otherwise experience very largely and we do because the language habits of our community predispose certain choices of interpretation.'

If you can't articulate the thought, the thought can't exist.

Language affects 'half of vision'

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"That which can be asserted without evidence can be dismissed without evidence"
Discuss this claim in relation to two subjects that you study

Counterarguments:
1. What counts as evidence?
2. How much evidence is sufficient?
3. How should we interpret the evidence

Blind faith - dangers

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faith, something Mr Clayton never had in me during Year 11.
To have complete trust or confidence in something/someone.
Subset of belief, but without any specific evidence.

-Complete trust or confidence in someone or something.
-Strong belief in the doctrines of a religion, based on spiritual conviction rather than proof.
-Deeply held convictions

Belief, faith, opinion - interlinked? different?

Can you believe something intellectually without believing it emotionally?
Can you believe something emotionally without believing it intellectually?
Do emotion have a greater influence on religious beliefs than on non-religious beliefs? Should they?

Last Thursday-ism

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How can we make 'good' generalisations? 

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How can we make 'good' generalisations? 

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In order to avoid confirmation bias, we must ensure that our generalisation are 'good' rather than 'bad'. How do we do this?
-number
-variety
-exception
-coherence
-subject area

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FOMO - Fear of missing out:
Anxiety that an exciting or interesting event may currently be happening elsewhere

Imagination and Possibility
What is the difference between something being 'empirically' (via experience) possible vs. being 'logically' possible?
In terms of imagination, is anything 'impossible'?

Imagination and Ethics
What role do you think imagination has in making moral decisions?

What aspects of the imagination is 'positive' and what might lead to 'negative' behaviour?

In terms of how we experience the world around us, how much is actually experienced and how much is imagined?

Gestalt - the whole is different from the sum of its part

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Imagination - what is it?
-Thinking outside the box

"Imagination is more important than knowledge. Knowledge is limited. Imagination encircles the world." -Einstein

Do we all have imaginations?

Imagination and creativity:
What boundaries are there that define something as 'creative' vs. something that is just plain bonkers?
What might define the boundary?
Or - is/should there no boundary?

The role of imagination in memory:
When someone is trying to remember something they may use their imagination to fill in the gaps in their memories in order to make their memory more coherent.

8 Types of Imagination
Memory reconstruction - the process of retrieving our memory of people, objects, and events.

Effectuative imagination - combines information together to synergise
new concepts and ideas

Constructive imagination - utilized when considering and developing hypotheses from different pieces of information or pondering over various issues of meaning say in the areas of philosophy, management, or politics, etc.

Fantasy imagination - creates and develops stories, pictures, poems, stage-plays, and the building of the esoteric, etc.

Empathy imagination - helps a person know emotionally what others are experiencing from their frame and reference.

Strategic imagination - concerned about vision of ‘what could be’, the ability to recognise and evaluate opportunities by turning them into mental scenarios…

Emotional imagination - manifesting emotional dispositions and extending them into emotional scenarios.

Dreams - an unconscious form of imagination made up of images, ideas, emotions, and sensations that occur during certain stages of sleep.

Definitions from https://www.teachthought.com/learning/8-types-of-imagination/

How might we define the boundary between what is Realistic Imagination and what is fantasy. Does this change cased on the subject?
Can and should dreams be a basis for producing knowledge?

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English HL:
Where did accents originate from? Why do they sound different?
Which accent is 'correct'?

Biology:
According to cell theory, all cells come from pre-existing cells. So where did the first cell originate from?

Chemistry:
What noise does a silent bang make?

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If two people have two contrasting but justified beliefs how can we know who's is correct? How far can we base knowledge off of justification?

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If two people have two contrasting but justified beliefs how can we know who's is correct? How far can we base knowledge off of justification?

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What evidence are they using? Is it reliable?

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Lesson 1:
Maps are a guidance for people to show them where to go in order not to get lost. Different types of maps are used according to the situation and the purpose. Similarly, people have knowledge but only apply a certain amount of it depending on the situation/purpose/context.

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=shbxUe-S2V8

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George neither knew nor believed that the mouse ate the cheese. Why? Can you think of anything that might have convinced him that the mouse ate the cheese?
-George had gone through efforts to remove pests in his house and was convincing himself that his money was well spent. If George saw the mouse at the same time as somebody else he would’ve believed it, because then he would know that he saw it with his own eyes and that his mind was not playing tricks on him.
Under what circumstances would everyone at the party have known that the mouse ate the cheese?
-Everyone requires different levels of convincing – some would’ve believed it just by hearing the story, some would’ve had to see it to believe it. In order to know for certain that the mouse ate the cheese every person would have had to see the mouse.

Second tier questions:
Is perceiving something, enough of a basis to state that it is true?
In what ways can trust be deceiving?
To what extent do we need to trust things we hear and see in order to know something?
Role of faith in knowledge

Second tier knowledge questions:
-How much evidence do we need to have to make an assumption/ to know something?

-How reliable are our body’s senses in perceiving information?

- What is the role of faith in claiming knowledge when we didn't physically experience it?
- If two people have two contrasting but justified beliefs how can we know who's is correct? How far can we base knowledge off of justification?
- What extent of power does the role of faith have in knowledge?

-Does trust in another person qualify as a reliable source of information?