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By Meyer and Land

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Threshold Concepts: Undergraduate Teaching, Postgraduate Training, Professional Development and School Education

A Short Introduction and a Bibliography fom 2003 to 2018

The Meyer and Land Threshold Concept

" The idea of threshold concepts emerged from a UK national research project into the possible characteristics of strong teaching and learning environments in the disciplines for undergraduate education (Enhancing Teaching-Learning Environments in Undergraduate Courses). In pursuing this research in the field of economics, it became clear toErik Meyer and Ray Land [1-7], that certain concepts were held by economists to be central to the mastery of their subject. These concepts, Meyer and Land argued, could be described as 'threshold' ones because they have certain features in common. "

Glynis Cousin, An introduction to threshold concepts

Over the past decade this concept has been embraced by many disciplines outside economics; indeed the above quote is from Glynis Cousin's excellent short introduction to the concept written for earth scientists. The threshold concept has been seen as a valuable tool, not only in facilitating students' understanding of their subject, but in aiding the rational development of curricula in rapidly expanding arenas where there is a strong tendency to overload the curriculum (Cousin, [ 2008, 2006]). This web page will describe, briefly, the characteristics of a threshold concept and list selected references to the work of those examining its value in a broad range of disciplines.
Features of a Threshold Concept

'Threshold Concepts' may
be considered to be "akin
to passing through a portal"
or "conceptual gateway"
that opens up "previously
inaccessible way[s] of
thinking about something"
(Meyer and Land [ 1]).

Troublesome: Threshold concepts are likely to be troublesome for the student. Perkins [ 1999, 2006] has suggested that knowledge can be troublesome e.g. when it is counter-intuitive, alien or seemingly incoherent. > More ...

Discursive: Meyer and Land [ 2] suggest that the crossing of a threshold will incorporate an enhanced and extended use of language. > More ...

Reconstitutive: " Understanding a threshold concept may entail a shift in learner subjectivity, which is implied through the transformative and discursive aspects already noted. Such reconstitution is, perhaps, more likely to be recognised initially by others, and also to take place over time ( Smith)". > More ...

Liminality: Meyer and Land [ 4] have likened the crossing of the pedagogic threshold to a 'rite of passage' (drawing on the ethnographical studies of Gennep and of Turner in which a transitional or liminal space has to be traversed; " in short, there is no simple passage in learning from 'easy' to 'difficult'; mastery of a threshold concept often involves messy journeys back, forth and across conceptual terrain. (Cousin [ 2006])". > More ...

Last update: 29 March 2020

Examples of the threshold concept must be transformative and involve a traverse through a liminal space. They are likely to be characterised by many of, but not necessarily all of, the other features listed above.

USING THIS SITE
This site is primarily a bibliography of papers on the Threshold Concept Framework organised by topics and by authors and also includes lists of the key Meyer and Land originating papers, books, overviews, critiques, theses and selected presentations. It additionally includes information on relevant activities, e.g. conferences on threshold concepts, special interest groups, awards, social networks. Links to these different parts of this bibliography and to these relevent activities may be found above in the Contents List on the right hand side of this page or on the larger print version of the Contents List. One such link, New and Recent Additions, provides a list of the most recent references added to the bibliography.

Clicking on an author name in references listed on this web site activates a link to a list of that author's papers on threshold concepts and, where available, a link to that author's home page.

New to the Threshold Concept: Where to start
The Threshold Concept Framework has grown significantly since this web site was first created and this bibliography, though found useful by many lecturers, teachers and researchers familiar with the threshold concept, is now so large as to be less helpful than it originally was for anyone, new to the concept, wishing to incorporate the framework into either their teaching or research. It is far from obvious where such an individual starts. This section will list papers in which the authors have addressed this issue and have suggested a guide to working with the framework:

Hopefully, as the framework is now maturing, more such papers will appear.

Extent of this site's coverage of the Threshold Concept Framework
This bibliography initially reflected the interests of the compiler but, over a decade, has been massively extended to cover most disciplines and topics in which there are published papers on the threshold concept framework. However, the compiler makes no claim to the site being an exhaustive bibliography. Please feel free to e.mail Mick Flanagan [m.flanagan@ucl.ac.uk] with any comments or relevant references.

The Threshold Concept Framework has matured to the extent that the term, threshold concept, is entering common and passing usage in a significant number of pedagogic research papers, i.e. is referred to in passing with no cited reference. Such papers are no longer included in this bibliography unless they also contain a substantial discussion of some aspect of the threshold concept framework.

Key Meyer and Land Papers
The papers cited in this section track the inception and original development of the Threshold Concept framework by Erik Meyer and Ray Land with seminal contributions by Peter Davies and Glynis Cousin.

1.

2.

Meyer, J.H.F. and Land, R. (2005) Threshold concepts and troublesome knowledge (2): epistemological considerations and a conceptual framework for teaching and learning,
Higher Education, 49 (3), 373-388.

3.

Land, R., Cousin, G., Meyer, J.H.F. and Davies, P. (2005) Threshold concepts and troublesome knowledge (3): implications for course design and evaluation,
In: C. Rust (ed.), Improving Student Learning - diversity and inclusivity, Proceedings of the 12th Improving Student Learning Conference. Oxford: Oxford Centre for Staff and Learning Development (OCSLD), pp 53-64.
[ https://www.ee.ucl.ac.uk/~mflanaga/ISL04-pp53-64-Land-et-al.pdf last accessed 10 August 2009]

4.

Meyer, J.H.F. and Land, R. (2006) Threshold concepts and troublesome knowledge: Issues of liminality,
In: Meyer, J.H.F. and Land, R. (eds.), Overcoming Barriers to Student Understanding: threshold concepts and troublesome knowledge, London and New York: Routledge, pp 19-32, [ book details].

5.

Meyer, J.H.F., Land, R. and Davies, P. (2006) Implications of threshold concepts for course design and evaluation,
In: Meyer, J.H.F. and Land, R. (eds.), Overcoming Barriers to Student Understanding: threshold concepts and troublesome knowledge, London and NewYork: Routledge, pp 195-206, [ book details].

6.

Meyer, J.H.F., Land, R. and Davies, P. (2008) Threshold concepts and troublesome knowledge (4): Issues of variation and variability,
in: Land, R., Meyer, J.H.F. and Smith, J., (eds), Threshold Concepts within the Disciplines. Sense Publishers, Rotterdam, pp 59-74, [ book details].

7.

Land, R. and Meyer, J. H. F. (2010) Threshold concepts and troublesome: Dynamics of Assessment,
in: Threshold Concepts and Transformational Learning, Land, R., Meyer, J.H.F. and Baillie, C., (eds), Sense Publishers, Rotterdam, pp. 61-79, [ book details].

Books on the Threshold Concept or with a significant emphasis on the Threshold Concept
Books on the threshold concept in general

*

Threshold Concepts in Practice (2016)
Edited by Ray Land, Jan H. F. Meyer and Michael T Flanagan

Educational Futures: Rethinking Theory and Practice, Michael A Peters (Series Editor), volume 68
Sense Publishers, Rotterdam/Boston/Taipei, 2016
ISBN: 978-94-6300-510-4 (paperback), ISBN: 978-94-6300-511-1 (hardback), ISBN: 978-94-6300-512-8 (e-book)

Threshold Concepts in Practice brings together fifty researchers from sixteen countries and a wide variety of disciplines to analyse their teaching practice, and the learning experiences of their students, through the lens of the Threshold Concepts Framework.

The majority of chapters in this book are developments of talks first presented at the Fifth International Biennial Threshold Concepts Conference: Threshold Concepts in Practice, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom, 9-11 July, 2014.

Clickhere for Further Details and Table of Contents.

*

From personal practice to communities of practice (2014)
Edited by Catherine O'Mahony, Avril Buchanan, Mary O'Rourke and Bettie Higgs
NAIRTL, Ireland, January 2014, ISBN: 978-1-906642-59-4
Conference e.book
This is the conference book of talks first presented at the Fourth Biennial Threshold Concepts Conference: From personal practice to communities of practice, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland, 27-29 June 2012.

*

Threshold Concepts and Transformational Learning (2010)
Edited by Jan H. F. Meyer, Ray Land and Caroline Baillie
Sense Publishers, Rotterdam, 2010
[Educational Futures: Rethinking Theory and Practice, Peters, M.A. (Ed), Volume 42]
The majority of chapters in this book are developments of talks first presented at the Threshold Concepts Conference: from theory to practice,
Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, 18th - 20th June 2008.

*

Threshold Concepts within the Disciplines (2008)
Edited by Ray Land, Jan H. F. Meyer and Jan Smith
Sense Publishers, Rotterdam, 2008
[Educational Futures: Rethinking Theory and Practice, Michael Peters (Ed.), volume 16]
ISBN 978-90-8790-267-4 (paperback), ISBN 978-90-8790-268-1 (hardback).
The majority of chapters in this book are developments of talks first presented at the Threshold Concepts within the Disciplines Symposium, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK, 30 August-1 September 2006.

*

Overcoming Barriers to Student Understanding: threshold concepts and troublesome knowledge (2006)
Edited by Jan H. F. Meyer and Ray Land
Routledge - Taylor & Francis Group, London and New York, 2006
ISBN10: 0-415-37430-8, ISBN13: 978-0-415-37430-9.

Books on the theshold concept in a specific discipline

*

Threshold Concepts in Problem-based Learning (2018)
Edited by Maggi Savin-Baden and Gemma Tombs
Brill Sense Publishers, 2018, ISBN: 978-90-04-37511-6
Chapter Headings

*

Disciplinary Applications of Information Literacy Threshold Concepts (2017)
Edited by Samantha Godbey, Susan Beth Wainscott and Xan Goodman
Americal Library Association, ACLR Publication ISBN-13: 978-0-8389-8970-8
https://www.alastore.ala.org/detail.aspx?ID=12291

*

Townsend, L. and Hanick, S.L. (2016) Transforming Information Literacy Instruction: Threshold Concepts in Theory and Practice
Available December 2016.
Published by Libraries Unlimit, ISBN-10: 1440841675, ISBN-13: 9781440841675.
Cengage Learning

*

Naming What We Know: Threshold Concepts of Writing Studies (2015)
Edited by Adler-Kassner, L. and Wardle, E.
University Press of Colarado (published by the Utah State University Press)
ISBN: 978-0-87421-989-0 (paperback), ISBN: 978-0-87421-989-6 (ebook)
http://www.upcolorado.com/utah-state-university-press/item/2705-naming-what-we-know (last accessed: 19 July 2015)
Reviews:
Lucas, B. E., Brookins, N., Hodges, R., Long, A., Madonna, A., McKelvy, I., Miller, A., Santore, T. and Whitehead, J. (2017) Book Review of Adler-Kassner, Linda, and Elizabeth Wardle, eds. Naming What We Know: Threshold Concepts of Writing Studies,
Journal of the Assembly for Expanded Perspectives on Learning 22 (Winter 20116-2017), 117-120.
http://trace.tennessee.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1299&context=jaepl (last accessed: 29 August 2017)

Panshula Ganeshan, (2016) Review of Naming What We Know: Threshold Concepts of Writing Studies,
Teaching English in the Two-Year College (TETYC), 44 (2), 223-225.
http://www.ncte.org/library/NCTEFiles/Resources/Journals/TETYC/0442-dec2016/TETYC0442Reviews.pdf (last accessed: 25 January 2017)

*

Teaching Information Literacy Threshold Concepts: Lesson Plans for Librarians (2015)
Edited by Patricia Bravender, Hazel McClure and Gayle Schaub
Americal Library Association, ISBN-10: 0838987710, ISBN-13: 978-0838987711
http://www.alastore.ala.org/detail.aspx?ID=11471

*

Clark, T. (2015) Ecocriticism on the Edge: The Anthropocene as a Threshold Concept,
Bloomsbury Academic (27 August 2015), Bloomsbury Publishing, London
ISBN-10: 1472505735, ISBN-13: 978-1472505736
http://www.bloomsbury.com/us/ecocriticism-on-the-edge-9781472506702/ (last accessed: 9 January 2015)
Review:
Corrigan, P. T. (2016) Messy Thresholds, a review of the book: Ecocriticism on the Edge: The Anthropocene as a Threshold Concept by Timothy Clark ,
The Goose 15 (1), Article 7.
http://scholars.wlu.ca/thegoose/vol15/iss1/7 (last accessed: 3 September 2016)

*

Fletcher, J. (2015) Teaching Arguments: Rhetorical Comprehension, Critique, and Response,
Stenhouse Publishers, Portland, USA, 2015, ISBN: 978-157110-999-6
http://www.stenhouse.com/html/teaching-arguments.htm (last accessed: 19 February 2015)
See Book Reviews for a review of this book.

Overviews and Critiques of the Threshold Concept

Single Paper Overviews and Critiques

Collection of Papers amounting to an Overview

Single Paper Overviews and Critiques

Davies, P. (2018) The construction of frameworks in learners' thinking: Conceptual change and threshold concepts in economics,
International Review of Economics Education: Available online 30 July 2018.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iree.2018.05.002 (last accessed: 25 August 2018)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1477388018300069#! (last accessed: 25 August 2018)

Barradell, S. and Peseta, T. (2017) Putting threshold concepts to work in health sciences: insights for curriculum design from a qualitative research synthesis,
Teaching in Higher Education 22 (3), 349-372.
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13562517.2016.1248390 (last accessed: 14 July 2017)
Though the critique is drawn from the healthcare arena this critique has validity across much of the threshold concept framework.

Nicola-Richmond, K., Pépin, G., Larkin, H. and Taylor, C. (2017) Threshold concepts in higher education: a synthesis of the literature relating to measurement of threshold crossing,
Higher Education Research & Development (HERDSA) Available online: 14 Jun 2017
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/07294360.2017.1339181?journalCode=cher20 (last accessed: 4 July 2017)

Reeping, D., McNair, L. D., Harrison, S. R., Knapp, R. B., Lester, L. F., Martin, T., Patrick, A. Y. and Wisnioski, M. (2017) How are Threshold Concepts Applied? A Review of the Literature,
2017 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, Columbus, Ohio, June 25-28, 2017
https://peer.asee.org/board-97-how-are-threshold-concepts-applied-a-review-of-the-literature (last accessed: 1 August 2017)
[An overview across the engineering and computer sciences with relevance across a wider disciplinary spectrum]

Barry, D. S. and Littlewood, K. E. (2017) Threshold Concepts for Anesthesiologists,
Anesthesia & Analgesia 125 (4), 1386-1393.
http://journals.lww.com/anesthesia-analgesia/toc/2017/10000 (last accessed: 31 December 2017)
[A critique from a medical viewpoint but with wider implications]

Meyer, J. H. F. (2016) Threshold concepts and pedagogic representation,
Education + Training 58 (5), .
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/ET-04-2016-0066 (last accessed: 7 May 2016)

Land, R. (2015) Facilitating the Academy through Threshold Concepts and Troublesome Knowledge,
In: On the Facilitation of the Academy, Editors: Elias Westergaard and Joachim S Wiewiura, Sense Publishers, Rotterdam, 2015, ISBN 978-94-6209-972-2 (paperback), ISBN 978-94-6209-973-9 (hardback), ISBN 978-94-6209-974-6 (e-book), Chapter 2, pp 17-29
https://www.sensepublishers.com/catalogs/bookseries/other-books/on-the-facilitation-of-the-academy/ (last accessed: 17 February 2015)

Barradell, S. (2013) The identification of threshold concepts: a review of theoretical complexities and methodological challenges,
Higher Education, 65 (2), 265-276.

Cousin, G. (2008) Threshold Concepts: Old Wine in New Bottles or New Forms of Transactional Inquiry,
in: Threshold Concepts within the Disciplines, Land, R., Meyer, J.H.F. and Smith, J., (eds), Sense Publishers, Rotterdam, pp 261-272, [ book details].
A streamed video of Glynis Cousin's presentation at the Threshold Concepts within the Disciplines Symposium, Glasgow, September, 2006 that led to this paper can be accessed at http://video.strath.ac.uk/06/140-06-04.wvx [last accessed 5/06/09].

Lucas, U. and Mladenovic, R. (2007) The potential of threshold concepts: an emerging framework for educational research and practice,
London Review of Education, Vol. 5, No. 3, November 2007, pp. 237-248

Rowbottom, D. P. (2007) Demystifying Threshold Concepts,
Journal of Philosophy of Education, 41 (2), 263-270

Collection of Papers as Overview

Threshold Concepts in Practice (2016)
Edited by Ray Land, Jan H. F. Meyer and Michael T Flanagan
Educational Futures: Rethinking Theory and Practice, Michael A Peters (Series Editor), volume 68, Sense Publishers, Rotterdam/Boston/Taipei, 2016
ISBN: 978-94-6300-510-4 (paperback), ISBN: 978-94-6300-511-1 (hardback), ISBN: 978-94-6300-512-8 (e-book)

Threshold Concepts in Practice brings together fifty researchers from sixteen countries and a wide variety of disciplines to analyse their teaching practice, and the learning experiences of their students, through the lens of the Threshold Concepts Framework.

The majority of chapters in this book are developments of talks first presented at the Fifth International Biennial Threshold Concepts Conference: Threshold Concepts in Practice, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom, 9-11 July, 2014.

Clickhere for Further Details and Table of Contents

Threshold Concepts and Conceptual Difficulty,
Practice and Evidence of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education (PESTLHE), 12, (2), 2017; Special Edition: Threshold Concepts 2017.
Special Edition Editors: Ray Land and Julie Rattray, Durham University, UK.
The great majority of the articles in this special issue were first presented at the 5th International Biennial Conference on Threshold Concepts held at Collingwood College in the University of Durham from 9th-11th July 2014.
http://community.dur.ac.uk/pestlhe.learning/index.php/pestlhe/index (last accessed: 10 May 2017)

From personal practice to communities of practice (2014)
Edited by Catherine O'Mahony, Avril Buchanan, Mary O'Rourke and Bettie Higgs
NAIRTL, Ireland, January 2014, ISBN: 978-1-906642-59-4
Conference e.book
This is the conference book of talks first presented at the Fourth Biennial Threshold Concepts Conference: From personal practice to communities of practice, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland, 27-29 June 2012.

Threshold Concepts and Transformational Learning (2010)
Edited by Jan H. F. Meyer, Ray Land and Caroline Baillie
Sense Publishers, Rotterdam, 2010
[Educational Futures: Rethinking Theory and Practice, Peters, M.A. (Ed), Volume 42]
The majority of chapters in this book are developments of talks first presented at the Threshold Concepts Conference: from theory to practice,
Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, 18th - 20th June 2008.

Threshold Concepts within the Disciplines (2008)
Edited by Ray Land, Jan H. F. Meyer and Jan Smith
Sense Publishers, Rotterdam, 2008
[Educational Futures: Rethinking Theory and Practice, Michael Peters (Ed.), volume 16]
ISBN 978-90-8790-267-4 (paperback), ISBN 978-90-8790-268-1 (hardback).
The majority of chapters in this book are developments of talks first presented at the Threshold Concepts within the Disciplines Symposium, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK, 30 August-1 September 2006.

Overcoming Barriers to Student Understanding: threshold concepts and troublesome knowledge (2006)
Edited by Jan H. F. Meyer and Ray Land
Routledge - Taylor & Francis Group, London and New York, 2006
ISBN10: 0-415-37430-8, ISBN13: 978-0-415-37430-9.

See alsoOther Threshold Concept Web Pages

Selected Video and Podcast Presentations on the Threshold Concept

Land, R. (2014) A Closer Look at Liminality: incorrigibles and threshold capital
Keynote Presentation, Fourth Biennial Conference on Threshold Concepts: From personal practice to communities of practice, Trinity College, Dublin, 28-29 June 2012.
On-line video recording: http://www.nairtl.ie/index.php?pageID=627&PHPSESSID=3977846af865678a7fa99cd4598810be
Full Paper: Land, R. and Rattray, J. A Closer Look at Liminality: incorrigibles and threshold capital
in Threshold Concepts: From Personal Practice to Communities of Practice, Proceedings of the National Academy's Sixth Annual Conference and the Fourth Biennial Threshold Concepts Conference [e-publication], Editors: Catherine O'Mahony, Avril Buchanan, Mary O'Rourke and Bettie Higgs, January 2014, NAIRTL, Ireland, ISBN: 978-1-906642-59-4, pp 1-12.
http://www.nairtl.ie/documents/EPub_2012Proceedings.pdf#page=11 [last accessed 28 January 2014]

Cousin, G. (2014) Threshold Concepts as an Analytical Tool for Researching Higher Education Pedagogy
Keynote Presentation, Fourth Biennial Conference on Threshold Concepts: From personal practice to communities of practice, Trinity College, Dublin, 28-29 June 2012.
On-line video recording: http://www.nairtl.ie/index.php?pageID=627&PHPSESSID=3977846af865678a7fa99cd4598810be
Full Paper in Threshold Concepts: From Personal Practice to Communities of Practice, Proceedings of the National Academy's Sixth Annual Conference and the Fourth Biennial Threshold Concepts Conference [e-publication], Editors: Catherine O'Mahony, Avril Buchanan, Mary O'Rourke and Bettie Higgs, January 2014, NAIRTL, Ireland, ISBN: 978-1-906642-59-4, pp 22-25.
http://www.nairtl.ie/documents/EPub_2012Proceedings.pdf#page=32 [last accessed 28 January 2014]

Higgs, B. (2014) Threshold Concepts: Navigating the Route
Keynote Presentation, Fourth Biennial Conference on Threshold Concepts: From personal practice to communities of practice, Trinity College, Dublin, 28-29 June 2012.
On-line video recording: http://www.nairtl.ie/index.php?pageID=627&PHPSESSID=3977846af865678a7fa99cd4598810be
Full Paper in Threshold Concepts: From Personal Practice to Communities of Practice, Proceedings of the National Academy's Sixth Annual Conference and the Fourth Biennial Threshold Concepts Conference [e-publication], Editors: Catherine O'Mahony, Avril Buchanan, Mary O'Rourke and Bettie Higgs, January 2014, NAIRTL, Ireland, ISBN: 978-1-906642-59-4, pp 13-21.
http://www.nairtl.ie/documents/EPub_2012Proceedings.pdf#page=23 [last accessed 28 January 2014]

Carmichael, P. (2014) From this Curriculum to That which is to Come: Threshold Concepts, Complexity and Change
Keynote Presentation, Fourth Biennial Conference on Threshold Concepts: From personal practice to communities of practice, Trinity College, Dublin, 28-29 June 2012.
On-line video recording: http://www.nairtl.ie/index.php?pageID=627&PHPSESSID=3977846af865678a7fa99cd4598810be
Full Paper in Threshold Concepts: From Personal Practice to Communities of Practice, Proceedings of the National Academy's Sixth Annual Conference and the Fourth Biennial Threshold Concepts Conference [e-publication], Editors: Catherine O'Mahony, Avril Buchanan, Mary O'Rourke and Bettie Higgs, January 2014, NAIRTL, Ireland, ISBN: 978-1-906642-59-4, pp 26-29.
http://www.nairtl.ie/documents/EPub_2012Proceedings.pdf#page=36 [last accessed 28 January 2014]

Atherton, J. (2010): Introducing Threshold Concepts
Part 1: https://vimeo.com/115832023
Part 2: https://vimeo.com/11600717
Part 3: https://vimeo.com/11601051
Part 4: https://vimeo.com/11601728
Part 5: https://vimeo.com/11602354 last accessed 13 May 2010.

Johnstone, K., Dym, C. and Jacobius, T. (2008) Process, foundation, or skills: Is there a pedagogical difference?,
Presentations and Discussions, (Moderator, Crawley, E.), Project-Centred Learning Symposium 2008, Cambridge-MIT Institute Partnership Programme.

Threshold concepts - Keith Johnstone, University of Cambridge, UK

Design Process - Clive Dym, Harvey Mudd College

Transferable skills - Tom Jacobius, Illinois Institute of Technology

Podcast: http://techtv.mit.edu/tags/741-threshold/videos?view=list last accessed 7 December 2009

Selected Powerpoint Presentations on the Threshold Concept

Specific Topics
Links to the subjects covered by this bibliography are listed below, alphabetically, and ordered into specific disciplines, e.g. economics, and teaching and learning topics, e.g. doctoral research, virtual worlds.
An extended larger print single column version of this specific topics index can be found on Subject Index.

A compilation of all the references in this bibliography arranged under the surnames of the relevant authors may be found onAuthor Index.

Ethnographic Background
Victor Turner, drawing on Arnold van Gennep's work on ritual rites of passage, extended van Gennep's concept of a liminal state. Turner's work has been influential and the concept of a liminal state has migrated from its original anthropological context to wider sociological contexts and is now seen as relevant to pedagogic research.

See Liminality for a brief discussion of the liminal state in the context of threshold concepts.

See Ethnographic Studies for references on ethnonographic studies in the context of threshold concepts.

van Gennep, A. (1909), Les Rites de Passage,
Éditions A. et J. Picard, Paris, 2011 [réimpr. de l'édit. augmentée de 1969], ISBN : 978-2-7084-0900-2
The Rites of Passage, Translation by Monika B. Vizedom and Gabrielle L. Caffee, 1960, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1961
ISBN: 9780226848495 (paperback), ISBN: 9780226027180 (E-book).

Journal and Book Special Issues
Future Special Issues

Futue special issues will be listed here.

Past Special Issues

Threshold Concepts in Health and Social Care
International Journal of Practice-based Learning in Health and Social Care, 6, (1), 2018): Special Issue: Threshold Concepts in Health and Social Care
A guest-edited special edition, exploring how threshold concepts are being put to use in health and social care education, to foster the capabilities required in professional practice. The editors of this special edition are Linda Martindale, Sarah Barradell, Hilary Neve and Ray Land.
http://e-learning.coventry.ac.uk/ojs/index.php/pblh/index (last accessed: 23 August 2018)

Threshold Concepts and Conceptual Difficulty,
Practice and Evidence of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education (PESTLHE), 12, (2), 2017; Special Edition: Threshold Concepts 2017.
Special Edition Editors: Ray Land and Julie Rattray, Durham University, UK.
The great majority of the articles in this special issue were first presented at the 5th International Biennial Conference on Threshold Concepts held at Collingwood College in the University of Durham from 9th-11th July 2014.
http://community.dur.ac.uk/pestlhe.learning/index.php/pestlhe/index (last accessed: 10 May 2017)

Theological Education and Threshold Concepts,
Journal of Adult Theological Education, 13, (2), 2016; Themed Issue: Theological Education and Threshold Concepts.
Themed Issue Editors: Peter Mudge and Jan H F Meyer.
This themed issue explores the juncture between Theology and Threshold Concepts. It has become increasingly apparent to those involved at the intersection between these two fields that there was a special affinity between the theoretical underpinnings of TCs and the practice and praxis associated with areas such as theology, ethics, biblical studies, practical theology, theology of disability, religious education, and spirituality, among many others (Mudge and Meyer).
http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/yate20/13/2 (last accessed: 29 October 2016)

Application of Threshold Concepts in Business Education,
Education + Training, 58, (5), 2016; Special Edition: Application of Threshold Concepts in Business Education.
Special Edition Editors: Chris Bajada and Rowan Trayler, University of Technology Sydney, Australia.
The focus of the special issue is on embedding threshold concepts in the area of business and management education (from curriculum design through to learning activities).
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/toc/et/58/5 (last accessed: 5 May 2016)

Threshold Concepts in Management Education: Research, Teaching and Learning,
Journal of Management Education, 39 (4), 2015; Special Edition: Threshold Concepts in Management Education: Research, Teaching and Learning.
Special Edition Editors: April L Wright and Paul Hibbert.
http://jme.sagepub.com/content/39/4.toc (last accessed: 20 September 2015)

Emergent learning and threshold concepts in tertiary education,
Waikato Journal of Education (Te Hautaka Mātauranga o Waikato), Special Edition: Emergent learning and threshold concepts in tertiary education 19 (2), 2014.
Special Edition Editors: Ann Harlow, Mira Peter and Anne McKim.
http://www.wje.org.nz/index.php/WJE/article/view/95http://www.wje.org.nz/index.php/WJE/issue/view/15 (last accessed: 12 January 2015)

Teaching and Learning Together in Higher Education, 9th issue, Spring 2013
http://teachingandlearningtogether.blogs.brynmawr.edu/archived-issues/ninth-issue-sprin-2013

Threshold Concepts in Educational Development,
The Journal of Faculty Development, Special Issue: Threshold Concepts in Educational Development, 26, (3), 2012.
Special Issue Editors: Catherine King and Peter Felten
http://store.newforums.com/Threshold-Concepts-in-Educational-Development-JFD263.htm

Planet No 17, December 2006.
Special edition of Planet arising from the HEA GEES Subject Centre's residential conference, entitled What on Earth ...? Student Learning in Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, held at the Quality Inn, Plymouth at the end of June 2006. [ http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/rhep12/17/1 last accessed 12 January 2015]

Theses and Dissertations
This section lists theses and dissertations that either feature the threshold concept framework as a central theme or contain serious discussion of the threshold concept framework.

Long, C. (2015) Learning Pathways within the Multiplicative Conceptual Field: Insights Reflected through a Rasch Measurement Framework,
Empirische Studien zur Didaktik der Mathematik, Volume 24, Waxman Verlag GmbH, Münster, Germany
Adapted version of Caroline Long's Doctorate in Education Thesis, University of Cape Town, December 2011
https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=MkpzCgAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA1&ots=xXEvqmAhPN&sig=Fjr70xw7lwgi_TebnNAXl5WwWJs#v=onepage&q&f=false (last accessed: 6 September 2015)

Oskarsson, B. (2014) Towards Pedagogical Content Knowledge in Logistics,
PhD Thesis, Linköping Studies in Science and Technology, Thesis No. 1685, LiU-TEK-LIC 2014:117
Department of Management and Engineering, Linköping University, Linköping
http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:758791/FULLTEXT01.pdf (last accessed: 25 November 2014)

Stadig Degerman M. (2012) Att hantera cellmetabolismens komplexitet: Meningsskapande genom visualisering och metaforer,
[Handling complex cell metabolism: Creating meaning through visualisation and metaphor]
Doctoral thesis, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University
http://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:512688 [last accessed: 19 July 2012]
and http://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:512688/FULLTEXT01 [last accessed: 19 July 2012]

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Threshold Concepts: Undergraduate Teaching, Postgraduate Training, Professional Development and School Education A Short Introduction and a Bibliography fom 2003 to 2018 " The idea of threshold concepts emerged from a UK national research project into the possible characteristics of strong teaching and learning environments in the disciplines for undergraduate education (Enhancing Teaching-Learning Environments in Undergraduate Courses).