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Australopithecus didn't have the intelligence of to make sophisticated tools, so they made it out of the bones they found. They usually used the most basic tools.

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The tools required an ability for abstract thought to mentally plan a series of steps that could then be executed. Only a small number of tools were produced.
Mode 4 technology first appeared in Africa about 100,000 years ago. It is characterized by the production of long, thin stone flakes that were shaped into long blade knives, spearheads and other tools.

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VIST is an abbreviation which is used to help understand evolution.
V- Variation
I- Inheritance
S- Selection
T- Time

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(Survival of the fittest) When organisms adapt better to their environment and tend to survive, then the reproduce.

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ORP are organisms during embryological development go through their evolutionary stages.

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Mutation happens during replication. When the DNA change or mutate. It's spontaneous because it just happens, you cant make it happen.

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Migration- Gene flow- are the movement of species and carries genetic materials from one population to the other.

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Divergent, Parallel, and Convergent Evolution

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Divergent, Parallel, and Convergent Evolution

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Divergent- Two or more related species becoming less similar over time.
Parallel- Two different species evolve similarly because of their lifestyle.
Convergent- Organisms with different ancestors becomes alike.

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Sexual selection is when organisms goes into extreme measures to attract a mate.

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Genetic Drift happens when the characteristics change by chance. There is no advantage or disadvantage. It happens naturally.

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Parts that are similar in structure, but have different structures in different species.

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Vestigial Organs are structures in some organisms that seem to have no use in one species but are useful in others.

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Molecular Evolution is the differences in molecular similarities that can be used to determine degrees of relationship between different stages.

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Mode 4 technology first appeared in Africa about 100,000 years ago. It is characterised by the production of long, thin stone flakes that were shaped into long blade knives, spearheads and other tools.