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In the first myth, “The Earth on Turtle’s Back,” Animals play a large role. The main character is the wife of the chief. The wife has a dream about a large tree being uprooted, so the chief goes and uproots the large tree, the woman falls into the hole left behind where the tree once stood, where she is rescued by a small population of animals. The crater had no land at its bottom, only a deep pool of water. The animals can speak and communicate with each other to try to save the falling woman. Eventually, a muskrat swims downwards, grabs pieces of dirt and mud, and builds the Earth atop of the turtle’s back. The animals play a direct role in the creation of earth in this story.

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In "On Turtle's Back," many different types of animals take a role on the creation of the earth for the woman to land on solid ground and the earth was formed out of rocks and ice from the sky gods. The reason why the earth is on the turtle's back is because it explains the orbit around the sun that the earth has and why it is so slow.

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In "Navajo Origin Myth" three gods place down buckskins, on which they sit down an ear of corn and a feather on each. One of each of the items are yellow, while the other of it is a white. When the things are wrapped up in the buckskin, a gentle breeze blows through it, and from within the things became a man and a woman. In this story the wind represents life, and when it stops blowing life stops with it.

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In the first myth, “The Earth on Turtle’s Back,” Animals play a large role. The main character is the wife of the chief. The wife has a dream about a large tree being uprooted, so the chief goes and uproots the large tree, the woman falls into the hole left behind where the tree once stood, where she is rescued by a small population of animals. The crater had no land at its bottom, only a deep pool of water. The animals can speak and communicate with each other to try to save the falling woman. Eventually, a muskrat swims downwards, grabs pieces of dirt and mud, and builds the Earth atop of the turtle’s back. The animals play a direct role in the creation of earth in this story.

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There are specific literary devices, symbols, and archetypes that help depict the Native American beliefs about the earth's origin and natural phenominon. In the first myth "On Turtles Back" authors Michael Caduto and Joseph Bruchac provided one way earth was created. They did this by using symbolism, using a turtles back to depict the creation of earth. Both Eduto and Bruchac also used personification by giveing the animals human characteristics like talking. For example one of the birds said "someone is falling from the sky... we must help her." Overall they wanted us to know that earth was created because the animals wanted to help the girl falling from the sky by giving her land, which was the beginning of the world.

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In "When grizzlies walked upright"  the story uses a lot of examples such as imagery and metaphor. Some examples are the sky gods staff. The staff was all life. A metaphor is "so he carved a hole in the sky with a stone and pushed all the snow and ice down below until he made a great mountain that reached from the earth almost to the sky". The symbol would be the bears walking stick that's how everything was created.

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so he carved a hole in the sky with a stone and pushed all the snow and ice down below until 

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In "when grizzlies walked upright" the author gives different examples of symbols, such as the sky gods staff, it became the bears and the beavers and the fish. His staff represented all of life and creation. Another literary device the author uses is metaphor, an example of this would be" he made a great mountain that reached from the earth almost to the sky". This shows us that the author is trying to describe how tall the mountains were even though the mountains weren't really as tall as the sky.

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In the "Navajo Origin Myth" one of the literary devices would be imagery. This is used when the author says, "the white ear of corn had been changed into a man, and the yellow ear into a woman." This makes you picture the corn turning into humans. A symbol in the myth would be wind. Wind represents life in this story, it also represents death. "It was the wind that gave them life," "when this ceases to blow we die. An example of archetype would be when they were all going around the corn with buckskins for the ceremony. Imagery helps us know this is a creation myth because it has gods creating life.  The symbol also shows it's a creation myth because it is using the wind to create and destroy life. The archetype shows in detail what they were doing to create the life from corn.

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In "When grizzlies waled upright" Personification is one of the literacy devices use throughout the story. This literacy device is shown becuase the bears in the story are able to talk like humans. Another one is Symbol, the sky chiefs stick represents this because it is the creation of all life in this story. Like how when he throws a strip of it into the water it creates otters and beavers. Whenever he drags his finger it melts the snow and grows a tree in replace for it.

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Gwen                                             In the third myth, "The Navajo Origin Legend" Allusion is one literary devices shown in the story. One example of allusion is when the two humans were created. The gods came together and laid out corn ears and buckskins, then the items turned into humans. This could correlate with the story of Adam and Eve, the first humans. God created Adam and Eve, and the gods from the story, Blue Body, Black Body, and White Body, took part in the creation on  the humans. Symbolism is another literary device seen in the story. The wind was seen as a part of life. 

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Gwen                                             In the third myth, "The Navajo Origin Legend" Allusion is one literary devices shown in the story. One example of allusion is when the two humans were created. The gods came together and laid out corn ears and buckskins, then the items turned into humans. This could correlate with the story of Adam and Eve, the first humans. God created Adam and Eve, and the gods from the story, Blue Body, Black Body, and White Body, took part in the creation on  the humans. Symbolism is another literary device seen in the story. The wind was seen as a part of life. 

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In the myth, "The Navajo Origin Legend" retold by Washington Matthews, an example of a literary device used in the story was alliteration. An example of this would be "Blue Body and Black Body each carried a sacred buckskin". Symbols are also used in the story. Some of the symbols would be the corn, feather, and buckskin. These three items represent humans. In the story, there is a use of colors. There is a white ear of corn and a yellow ear of corn. The white ear represented a man and the yellow ear represented a woman. "The Navajo Origin Legend" is also a creation myth. What makes it a creation myth is that two humans are made from corn. An example of an archetype in the story is the wind. It says, "It is the wind that comes out of our mouths now that gives us life". The wind is what they believed acted as their breath and gave them life.

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In the story, “The Earth on Turtle’s Back” there is an example of literary devices which would be personification. This example would be “Someone is falling from the sky, said the birds”. One symbol would be the turtle because he represents the idea of supporting life. He carries the earth on his back for the woman to stand on. One archetype would be the water that is surrounding everything. This is a recurring symbol because it is stated that it was the stepping stone to the beginning of the earth.

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In "When Grizzlies Walked Upright" the author provides examples of literary devices such as imagery and metaphors. It shows this by saying " So he carved a hole in the sky with a stone and pushed all the snow and ice down below until he made a great mountain that reached from the earth almost to the sky." An Example for symbols would be the bears walking stick because when he broke off the big pieces and threw them in the water they became beavers and otters and the smaller pieces became fish. In the myth "When Grizzles Walked Upright" an example of archetypes is when the chief goes out and creates all these things this reminds me of "The Creation Story." In the book of Genesis God created all the earth in 7 days. He used the dirt to create man and then used a rib from man to create women. This also reminds me of Goldilocks and the 3 bears because the chief found a girl while hunting, took her home and raised her with his family. In Goldilocks, it was just the opposite, she found the bears.

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Megan, Logan, Jacob, Taylor, Dustin, Kristin

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Megan, Logan, Jacob, Taylor, Dustin, Kristin

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In the first myth, "On Turtle's Back," the author provides ideas about how the world came about. One of the devices used to describe this is personification of the animals. Symbols are also used in this story because the Muskrat's paw on the turtle's back represents life and shows how the world began. In the second myth, "When Grizzlies Walked Upright," personification is used to help explain the origin of mankind. This shows one way how this myth is an origin myth. A symbol is used by the chief's daughter to symbolize greed. Archetype is also shown to better understand this story as an origin myth because the chief reoccurs in the story to show some of the origin of how people came about and how humans evolve. In the final myth, "The Navajo-Origin Legend," repetition of the number four is describes the story as a creation myth because it shows the 4 points of a compass. This shows more of a creation myth because many people of the early days traveled the world using a compass to transport themselves. All three of these myths have literary devices, symbols, and archetypes that help to better understand the myth as a creation or origin myth, which further shows native american beliefs about Earth and the human evolution.

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EXAMPLE: To begin, in the myth, "The Earth on Turtle's Back" retold by Michael Caduto and Joseph Bruchac, an explanation of the Earth's beginning is clearly depicted.  Often, early Native American stories used common, archetypal characters to help tell their stories.  In this myth, the "chief" archetype is obvious.  The chief is a powerfully important part of Native American society.  He is thought to be strong, brave, smart, and loyal to his people.  In "The Earth on Turtle's Back" the chief represents a God-like persona.  First, the chief lives in "Skyland" which is located in the clouds. This is obviously comperable to the biblical "heaven".  Also, the chief in the story is able to remove a large tree, "At last, with one great effort, he uprooted the tree and placed it on its side'.  This supernatural capability is a common, archetypal characteristic of Native American, origin myths.  Further, this myth also .......

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EXAMPLE: To begin, in the myth, "The Earth on Turtle's Back" retold by Michael Caduto and Joseph Bruchac, an explanation of the Earth's beginning is clearly depicted.  Often, early Native American stories used common, archetypal characters to help tell their stories.  In this myth, the "chief" archetype is obvious.  The chief is a powerfully important part of Native American society.  He is thought to be strong, brave, smart, and loyal to his people.  In "The Earth on Turtle's Back" the chief represents a God-like persona.  First, the chief lives in "Skyland" which is located in the clouds. This is obviously comperable to the biblical "heaven".  Also, the chief in the story is able to remove a large tree, "At last, with one great effort, he uprooted the tree and placed it on its side'.  This supernatural capability is a common, archetypal characteristic of Native American, origin myths.  Further, this myth also .......

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In the three myths from the textbook, there are specific literary devices, symbols and archetypes used that help depict Native American beliefs about the earth's origin and natural phenomenon.  

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In the three myths from the textbook, there are specific literary devices, symbols and archetypes used that help depict Native American beliefs about the earth's origin and natural phenomenon.  