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Mutualism- Lichens in the tundra are made up of fungus and green algae. The algae uses photosynthesis to provide food for itself and the fungus. In return, the fungus retains water for both and helps the algae gain nutrients from a substrate, or rock.
Commensalism-  Reindeer and arctic foxes have this relationship. When the reindeer digs for lichens and grass they turn up the soil revealing subnivean mammals and insects. When the reindeer leaves, the fox swoops in and eats the insects turned up from the reindeer's digging. This does not harm or benefit the reindeer.
Parasitism- The tapeworm and arctic wolf have a parasitic relationship. When the arctic wolf is suffering from liver tapeworm cysts, the tapeworm develops inside the body of the wolf and feeds on what the wolf eats. This leads to malnutrition and the potential death of the wolf.

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The polar bear is a prime example of animal adaptations in the tundra. It has oily fur that regulates moisture when they are in the cold arctic water. Next, it has heavy, insulating fur that creates a layer of moderated air between the bear and the frosty surroundings. Its body heat is trapped in its fur. Finally, it has a layer of insulating fat that is called blubber. It is directly under its skin and adds to its protection against the cold. Next, arctic wolves have similar adaptations. They have shorter legs and muzzle, and their ears are smaller and more rounded. Finally, they have a fur coat and a thick undercoat. The undercoat leaves trapped air warmed by bod heat.

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Since the Tundra is very cold there isn't a lot of plant life. The soil is usually at high latitudes. the soil is usually frozen, its called Gelisols.

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The tundra is a very cold place year-round. The temperature ranges from 10 to 20 degrees Fahrenheit in the summer. During the winter the temperature can go down to -70 degrees Fahrenheit! The annual average temperature is 18 Fahrenheit.

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The tundra is the coldest out of all the biomes. Tundras have little to no plant life because of its permafrost. The Tundra also lacks biodiversity. The winters in the tundra are long and harsh, while the summers are short and cold.

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This Biome doesn't get much rain. The average precipitation is 10 inches per year. This includes rain and melted snow.

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The Tundra Biome is located at the very top of the world. It is located on the north pole.

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https://sciencestruck.com/symbiotic-relationships-in-tundra

https://www.conservationinstitute.org/tundra-animals-6-arctic-animals-perfectly-adapted-for-life-in-the-cold/#tab-con-2

https://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/tundra_plant_page.htm

https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/exhibits/biomes/tundra.php

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Few plants and animals are able to live in the freezing climate of the Tundra. However, the plants that are able to survive these cold climates have adapted well to the environment. For example, Arctic Moss is a moss species that grows in freshwater arctic lakes and in fens. Some of its adaptations include storing nutrients so new leaves can be grown quickly in the spring. In addition, the plant is adapted to the high winds for it grows low to the ground. Furthermore, the plant is protected from drying winds and cold because it can grow on the lake beds. Next, the the bearberry is an evergreen with a stem that rises 2-8". Since this plant is low growing, it stays out of the wind chill. Furthermore, the silky hairs help keep the plant warm. In addition, the plant has leathery leaves to help the plant from losing water and also aids in