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Respiratory failure is a serious condition that develops when the lungs can’t get enough oxygen into the blood. Buildup of carbon dioxide can also damage the tissues and organs and further impair oxygenation of blood and, as a result, slow oxygen delivery to the tissues.

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Any condition or injury that affects breathing can cause respiratory failure. The condition or injury may affect your airways or lungs. Or it may affect the muscles, nerves, and bones that help you breathe.

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Usually, asthma starts in childhood years and progresses into adulthood. However, some people in their 60s, 70s and 80s can get adult onset asthma.

Asthma is defined as a common, chronic respiratory condition that causes difficulty breathing due to inflammation of the airways. Asthma symptoms include dry cough, wheezing, chest tightness and shortness of breath

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You may have infrequent asthma attacks, have symptoms only at certain times — such as when exercising

Shortness of breath

Chest tightness or pain

Wheezing when exhaling, which is a common sign of asthma in children

Trouble sleeping caused by shortness of breath, coughing or wheezing

Coughing or wheezing attacks that are worsened by a respiratory virus, such as a cold or the flu

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is an umbrella term that encompasses several respiratory illnesses that cause breathlessness, or the inability to exhale normally.

COPD can develop over the course of several years without any signs of shortness of breath.

The disease usually begins while people are in their 30s or 40s and then peaks during their 50s, 60s and 70s.

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Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are the two most common conditions that contribute to COPD. These two conditions usually occur together and can vary in severity among individuals with COPD.

Although COPD is a progressive disease that gets worse over time, COPD is treatable. With proper management, most people with COPD can achieve good symptom control and quality of life, as well as reduced risk of other associated conditions.

COPD symptoms often don't appear until significant lung damage has occurred, and they usually worsen over time, particularly if smoking exposure continues.

Shortness of breath, especially during physical activities

Wheezing

Chest tightness

A chronic cough that may produce mucus (sputum) that may be clear, white, yellow or greenish

Frequent respiratory infections

Lack of energy

Unintended weight loss (in later stages)

Swelling in ankles, feet or legs

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Cystic fibrosis is a genetic respiratory disease caused by a defective gene that creates thick and sticky mucus that clogs up tubes and passageways. This mucus causes repeat, and dangerous, lung infections, as well as obstructions in the pancreas that prevent important enzymes from breaking down nutrients for the body.

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Very salty-tasting skin

Persistent coughing, at times with phlegm

Frequent lung infections including pneumonia or bronchitis

Wheezing or shortness of breath

Poor growth or weight gain in spite of a good appetite

Frequent greasy, bulky stools or difficulty with bowel movements

Diagnosing cystic fibrosis is a multistep process, and should include a newborn screening, a sweat test, a genetic or carrier test, and a clinical evaluation at a CF Foundation-accredited care center. Although most people are diagnosed with CF by the age of 2, some are diagnosed as adults.

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Pleural effusion is a collection of fluid between the lung and the chest wall in what’s called the pleural space. The fluid can collect for a variety of reasons, including pneumonia, cancer or congestive heart failure.

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Some patients with pleural effusion have no symptoms, with the condition discovered on a chest x-ray that is performed for another reason.

Chest pain

Dry, non-productive cough

Dyspnea (shortness of breath, or difficult, labored breathing)

Orthopnea (the inability to breathe easily unless the person is sitting up straight or standing erect)

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How to Prevent an Asthma Attack - Asthma Attack Treatment At Home

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How Can Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Be Managed?

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CF Foundation | Emerging Genetic-Based Therapies for CF