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EVEN SMALL ACTS CAN HAVE A RIPPLE EFFECT

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Summary of Research - Matis

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Discrimination in other country

In many countries, people see more discrimination in U.S then in their own. Countries like Italy, France, Sweden, Germany and others. But most in New-Zealand, South Korea and Canada. In opposite, young people and women see more the discrimination then others. Young people because they’re more awareness and women because they’re touchier to be discriminated and they do. There is a reason, education. In estimate, 80% of women says that they are discriminate on their race or ethnicity compared of 69% of men. In society that they are considered ‘’ strict’’ give the education to their kid the way they decided.

https://www.forbes.com/sites/bryanrobinson/2021/02/15/gender-discrimination-is-still-alive-and-well-in-the-workplace-in-2021/?sh=6fdadefe7f1c

Gender discrimination at work

There is so much discrimination at work about the gender. There is so much cliché about women. Like they are too much sensitive or over-reacting. Just like in army, it supposed to be respectful and equal for everyone but there is a lot of sexual harassment. There is not a lot of organisations that accept to defend women in their cause so, most of the time they must defend themself. They could know their rights, keep affirmation to the event or keep clues of your harassment.

https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2021/11/02/more-people-globally-see-racial-ethnic-discrimination-as-a-serious-problem-in-the-u-s-than-in-their-own-society/

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Discrimination based on gender identity and sexual orientation

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Pregnancy discrimination

This type of discrimination often happens at work, and this is a real mess. If a women can’t do her job due to her pregnancy the employer need to treat her like everyone else who have disability. This is not happening like that pregnant woman get discriminate and get harass by people because they are not able to be at the work at the same time and this is not normal.

Xavier Gagnon

https://www.eeoc.gov/pregnancy-discrimination

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What is discrimination?

The meaning of discrimination is to treat someone not like the other because of their differences or characteristics. The way to treat someone differently can be differentiating, excluding and preferring them for they characteristics like origin, age or sex. Examples: Denying someone entry to a sports centre because they have their guide dog with them.
https://www.cdpdj.qc.ca/en/your-obligations/prohibited-practices/discrimination

Forms of discrimination

Discrimination can take different forms, it can be direct, example: refusing to rent an apartment to someone because of their origins. Indirectly, it’s a more subtill way to discriminate someone like use the height as a hiring criterion may have an exclusionary effect on women because they are generally smaller than men. It can be systemic, like the case of Joyce Echaquan : she has heart problem, and she was in a hospital. Before she died, she started a Facebook live in which we listen two workers insult the women because she was an Atikamekw woman.
https://www.ohrc.on.ca/en/book/export/html/18926

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Commission des droits de la personne et des droits de la jeunesse

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When behaviour (words or actions) has the effect of:

differentiating, excluding or preferring someone because of their personal characteristics, and

preventing them from exercising their rights

This is discrimination and is prohibited by the Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms.
Discrimination can be directed at a person or a group of people.
Our actions can have discriminatory effects, even when we do not intend to discriminate.
Types of discrimination

There are three types of discrimination. All three types are prohibited.

Direct discrimination

Direct discrimination is carried out in an open and undisguised way.

Example: Refusing to rent an apartment to someone because of their origins.

Indirect discrimination

Indirect discrimination is more subtle. Indirect discrimination is when a seemingly neutral rule, standard, policy or practice is applied equally to all people, but significantly disadvantages one person (or group) because of their personal characteristics. Even though the person or organization applying this kind of rule may not intend to discriminate, this is still discrimination.

Example: The use of height as a hiring criterion may have an exclusionary effect on women.

Systemic discrimination

Systemic discrimination is when attitudes and decisions that are tinged with bias make their way into organizational models and institutional practices. When this harms or excludes people with characteristics that are protected by the Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms, it is called systemic discrimination. Just because systemic discrimination isn't intentional, doesn't mean it isn't discrimination.

Example: Under-representation of racialized groups in certain employment sectors or in management and executive positions.

Consequences of discrimination

Discrimination creates inequality between people.

Discrimination prevents people from exercising their rights. including their right to equality.

Discrimination can have material consequences, like homelessness and unemployment.

It can also have psychological consequences, like stigmatization, feelings of injustice and low self-esteem.

Where does discrimination come from?

Discrimination is generally fuelled by prejudice and stereotyping.

Stereotype: "a preconceived or caricatured image of a group that is transmitted by our community or culture and that we reproduce or act on without objective analysis"

Prejudice: "a pre-formulated and unverified judgment transmitted through community or educational pressures and often based on stereotypes"

(These definitions have been translated from French and taken from L'éducation aux droits et aux responsabilités, Constance Leduc, Chenelière/McGraw-Hill et CDPDJ, 1998, p.17)

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When behaviour (words or actions) has the effect of: differentiating, excluding or preferring someone because of their personal characteristics, and preventing them from exercising their rights This is discrimination and is prohibited by the Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms. Discrimination can be directed at a person or a group of people.