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Problem-Based Learning (PBL) is an instructional method of hands-on, active learning centered on the investigation and resolution of messy, real-world problems.

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The following are some of the defining characteristics of PBL:
1. Learning is driven by challenging, open-ended problems with no one “right" answer
Problems/cases are context specific.
2. Students work as self-directed, active investigators and problem-solvers in small collaborative groups (typically of about five students).
3. A key problem is identified and a solution is agreed upon and implemented.
4. Teachers adopt the role as facilitators of learning, guiding the learning process and promoting an environment of inquiry.

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Rather than having a teacher provide facts and then testing students ability to recall these facts via memorization, PBL attempts to get students to apply knowledge to new situations. Students are faced with contextualized, ill-structured problems and are asked to investigate and discover meaningful solutions.

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A small research project based on identifying a problem and finding solutions to it.

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1. Evaluate the groups’ products and performances.
2. Use rubrics to determine whether students have clearly communicated the problem, background, research methods, solutions (feasible and research-based), and resources.
3. Decide whether all group members participated meaningfully. You should consider having your students fill out reflections about their learning (including what they’ve learned about the content and the research process) every day, and at the conclusion of the process.